一般现在时-将来时和现在进行时的讲解与练习

1、般现在时、将来时和现在进行时的讲解与练习一般现在时一、一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实和普遍真理。如：The earth goes around the su n.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时关键词always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom极少,hardly 几乎不,never, every day(week, year, night),on Sun days,

2、 on Mon day, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a mon th每月一次 / 两次 / 三次三、一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词 什其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数，即要在动词后加"-S"或"-es"。如:Mary likesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。四、一般现在时的变化1. b

3、e动词的变化。 否定句：主语 + be + n ot + 其它。如：He is n ot a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其它。如：-Are you a stude nt?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语 + don 't( does n't ) + 动词原形 什其它)。如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does n't构成否定句。如：He does n&#

4、39;t often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you ofte n play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she does n't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?3. 含有情态动词(can, must, will, shall, might, s

5、hould. )的句子变化陈述句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它否定句：主语+情态动词+n ot+动词原形+其它一般疑问句： 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其它+ ？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +情态动词+主语+动词原形+其它？What can he do in the future?五、动词碰到第三人称单数时，要进行相应的变化：动词+S的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加 -s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks work - works2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，力口 -es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,

6、go-goes3. 以“辅音字母+y ” 结尾，变为 i,再加-es，如：study-studies carry - carries4. have - has现在进行时【概念】1.现在进行时：表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：主语+be+do ing【用法】肯定句：主语+ be+do ing + 其他.否定句：主语 + be+not+doing + 其他.一般疑问句：Be+主语+doi ng +其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语 +be(am / is / are)特殊疑问句：疑问词 (what how where whe n.)+be +主语+do in g+ 其它+ ？关键词： now, l

7、ook , liste n, at this mome nt一般过去时【概念】1.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：主语+动词过去式(+ed)【用法】肯定句：主语+动词过去式(+ed) +其他.否定句：主语+didn ' t +动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+did.否定回答：No，主语+ didn ' t关键词：last year / Mon day /month.,this morning, two days / three years.ago , in + 过去的年份,just now, When I w

8、as 6 years old, once upon a time.2、规则动词的变化：一般动词+edpla nted,watered,climbed以不发音的e结尾+dliked辅音字母加y结尾-y+ iedstudy studied, cry- cried重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一stop - stopped母个字母+edpla n - pla nned3 不规则动词过去式:原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptth inkthoughtdodidfindfou ndsleepsleptb

9、uyboughteatatesaysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremea nmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbegi nbega nspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldlear ned/growgrewlear ngetgotknowknewlearnt般将来时【概念】1一般将

10、来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：主语(任何人称和数)+will +动词原形【用法】肯定句：主语+will +动词原形+其他.否定句：主语+will not ( won't ) +动词原形+其他.一般疑问句： Will +主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+will.否定回答：No，主语+ wo n't.【概念】2.由"主语+be ( am; is ; are ) going to +动词原形”来表示一般将来时。【用法】1. 肯定句：主语+be ( am; is ; are ) going to + 动词原形+其他.否定句：主语 +be (am;

11、is ; are ) +not+ going to+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Be (Am ; Is; Are ) +主语+going to+ 动词原形+其他？肯定回答： Yes，主语 +be(am; is ; are ).否定回答： No，主语 + be(am; is ; are ) +not.2. 虽然“ will +动词原形”和“ be going to +动词原形”都可以表示将来时，但两者还是有些区别的。下 面例句中的 will和be going to一般不可以互换。will可以表示“主观意愿"，或者表示“请求”；以及表示“不以人的意志为转移，自然发展的未来的事”，be g

12、oing to侧重于表示“打算、计划、准备要做的事”；或者“根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事”。名词的复习可数名词复数形式变化：（1）规则变化1） 一般变化，在名词后加-s，如：book books; bag bags2）以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名面， 力口-es，如：bus buses; box boxes; watch watches; wish wishes;glass glasses3）以辅音字母加-y 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i 再加-es，如:city cities; country countries; study studies;family families4)以f或

13、fe结尾的单词，有些将f或fe变为v,再加-es;有些只加-s :wife wives;kn ifeknives;wolf wolves; thiefthieves;shelf shelves; myself myselves;life lives;half -halves;leaf leaves;roof - roofs;chief chiefs;belief beliefs;proof -proofs;handkerchief handkerchiefs/handerchieves(手帕/头巾)记住下面这首顺口溜，相信你就不会觉得难了。妻子(wife )持刀(knife )去宰狼(wolf

14、 ),小偷(thief )吓得发了慌;躲在架后(shelf)保己命(myself ),半(half)片树叶(leaf )遮目光。按：顺口溜中的黑体加粗字是小学阶段学过的九个以一f(e)结尾的名词：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀),wolf(狼),thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half( 一半)，leaf(树叶)。这九个词变复数时，都是 改-f(e)为ve再加-s。由self构成的复合词，其变化与self相同(如：myself宀ourselves ; yourself宀yourselves ； himself , herselfitself th

15、emselves) 。5)以o结尾的名词，有些加-s，有些加-es。如：hero heroes; Negro Negroes; potato potatoes; tomato tomatoes ( 两人两菜)photo photos; radio radios; pia no pia nos; studio studios; bamboo bamboos; zero zeros/zeroes;（2）不规则变化child childre n;foot feet; tooth teeth; goose geese;mouse mice;man men;woma n wome n注意：由一个词加 m

16、an 或woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式同上。Englishman Englishmen;Frenchman frenchmen;但 German Germans（不是合成词）（3）单复数同形deer; sheep; fish; Chinese; Japanese课堂作业一.按要求写出下列词的其它形式：1. house（名词复数）2.play（过去式）3. make（过去式）4. orange（名词复数）5. draw（过去式）6.buy（过去式）7. brush（名词复数）8. family（名词复数）9. bus（名词复数）10.put（过去式）11.box（名词复数）12. baby

17、（名词复数）13. class（名词复数）14. factory（名词复数）15.has（过去式）16. fly（过去式）17. watch（名词复数）18. woman（名词复数）19. go（过去式）20. sing（过去式）21. wish（名词复数）22. German（名词复数）23. tomato（名词复数）24.forget（过去式）25. kilo（名词复数）26.ru n27. build28. Chi nese（名词复数）29.spe nd（过去式）30. Japanese（名词复数）31. leaf（名词复数）32. America n（名词复数）33.sleep34.

18、tooth（名词复数）35. wife（名词复数）36. foot（名词复数）37. win（过去式）38.sheep（名词复数）39. hear（过去式）二单选。1. There are threeand seve nin the picture.A. cows, sheepsB.cows, sheepC. cow, sheepD. cow, sheeps2. Ju ne 1 isA. childre n's dayB. childre n's Day C. Childre n' s DayD. Childre n' s day3.room is next t

19、o their pare ntsA. Kate 's and Joan' s B. Kate ' s andJoa nC. Kate and Joa n' s D. Kate and Joan4. Miss Gree n is a frie nd of.A. Mary 's mother ' s B.Mary ' s motherC. Mary mother' s D.mother' s of Mary5. Sheepwhite and milkalso white.A. is, areB. are, isC. is, i

20、sD. are, are6.1' d like to have a glass of milk andA. two breadsB. two pieces of breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread7. Manyare singing over there.A. woma nB. wome nC. girlD. child8. He boughtA. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoesC. two pairs of shoeD. two pair of shoe9. Mr. Whit

21、e has three.A. childB. childre nC. childsD. childre ns10. Once upon a time, therea little girl and three bears.A were B was C are D is11. Who taught you En glish? My father.A taught B teaches C was D did12. hea good rest ?No, he did n 'tA Have , had B Did, have C Did , had D Had, had13. do you p

22、lay basketball? Three times a week.A How ofte nB How much CWhe nD Where14.Sa ndyto the Great Wall n ext Friday.A will go B went C is going D are going15. Liste n! Your sister.A smili ngB smiles C smile D is smili ng16. hesome shopp ing tomorrow after noon?A Will .does B Is .going todoC Is .doing DSh

23、all.does17. If hetocollege, hea lot more.A will gowilllearnB will go.is going to learn Cis going is goingto learnD goes .willlear n18. Don ' t talk with each other . The baby.A sleeps B slept C was sleep ing D is sleep ing19. Taiwa n liesin the south of China.Japa n liesthe east of Chi na.A in ,

24、 on B in, to C on , in D on, to20. PIease write a letter to me asas possible. I miss you so much.A soonB sooner C soonestD the soon est三用所给词的正确形式填空。1. He( n eed) a pair of shoes.2. Je nny runs home and( sit) on the chair.3.She( not do ) her homework every day.4. Look at those old people. They areand

25、( sing, dance)5. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.6. Did he(have ) lunch at home?7.1(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. The sun(rise) in the east and(set) in the west.9. Tom enjoys(go) swimmi ng in summer.10. You had better(go) by bus, or you will be late.11. Tom will(tell)

26、Li Ming the good news as soon as he sees him.12. Last ni ght, we(not go) back home un til the teacher left school.13. Would Mary like( go ) to Sha nghai with us?14. There(be) a En glish text next Mon day.15. Ca n ' t you see I' m busy(cook) ?四按要求改写句子。I.Did you do your homework last ni ght?(作

27、否定回答)2， John went to see his grandmother once a week.(就戈U线部分提问3.Bill went to Guan gzhou last mon th(就划线部分提问）4. I went to Beijing five times last year (改为一般疑冋句）5.They can make good pla ne.(改为一般疑问句）6. He is drinking tea un der the tree.(改为否定句）7.Mary always talks about the fashion show.(改为一般疑问句）五阅读理解。W

28、hat is the best way to learn a Ianguage? We should remember that we learned our own模仿）Ianguage well when we were children. If we learn a second Ianguage in the same way, it will notseem difficult. Think of what a small child does. He liste ns to what people say and tries to imitate( what he hears. W

29、hen he wants someth ing he has to ask for it, he is using the Ian guage , talk ing in it all the time. If people have to use a second Ianguage all the time, they will learn it quickly.We lear n our own Ian guage by heari ng people speak it , not by see ing what they write. Weimitate what we hear. I

30、n school , though you lear n to read and write as well as to hear and speak, itis best to lear n all the new words through the ear. You can read them , spell them and write them later.()1. Every one lear ns his mother Ian guage whe n he.A was a kid B is a kid C was a man D is five()2. A little child

31、 lear ns to speak by imitating.A what people say B what people see C what people think D what people hear()3. People can lear n all Ian guage quickly if they.A read and write it sometimesB ask for it C hear it at times D use it all the time()4.It is best to lear n new words throughfirst.A read ing B

32、 liste ningC writi ngD spelli ng .()5. What is the best way to lear n a Ian guage?A Liste ning to what people singB Imitati ng what people doCUsing the Ian guage all the timeD Both A and BBAn old man owned a very clever mon key. He was fond of the mon key. The old man loved to situn der the big tree

33、 in his garde n and sleep in the after noon. When birds came into the garde n andmade no ises , the mon key chased him away. He also chased away flies which were on the manface while he was sleep ing .One hot summer after noon, the old man was asleep in his chair. A fly came and sat on the endof his

34、 no se. The mon key was sitt ing beside the old man. He saw the fly and chased it away from the old man ' s no se. Soon the fly returned. The mon key chased it away aga in. After a while , the fly came back and the mon key chased it , and this happe ned five or six times. Now the mon key was an gry. He jump up and picked up a larg