考前冲刺卷(一)

1、考前冲刺卷（一）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A（2018陕西安康教学质量联考）Dog Parks on Long IslandLet your dog play at one of these Long Island dog parks where he ' ll be free to walk around and explore.From entertainment facilities to park tips , we' ve co

2、llected everything you need to know before you take your pet for an afternoon of outdoor fun.1. Amagansett, Napeague State ParkAmagansett, Napeague State Park, Route 27.Dogs are allowed on a leash（狗链）in this undeveloped park , which includes trails , wooded areas and roads.Access to the beach.No wat

3、er source or public bathrooms.2. East Meadow, Eisenhower ParkEast Meadow , Eisenhower Park, Salisbury Park Drive and Stewart Avenue , East Meadow.In addition to shaded seating, each run has a water source.Permits are free, but required.3. Calverton , Isaac ParkCalverton , Isaac Park, on the Grumman

4、site, within Veteran ' s Memorial Park.Separated by large and small dogs, this half-acre plot has shade trees, seating and access to the beach.Bring your own water; leashed dog can be walked on some trails; Town of Riverhead residents only.4. Broolhaven , Robinson Duck Farm Dog ParkBroolhaven ,

5、Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park,2903 Montauk Hwy.This 3-acre park has areas for large and small dogs , but no water source.Large-dog area includes a training course. * 18 yearly pass for village residents.5. Massapequa, Clocks Boulevard ParkMassapequa, Clocks Boulevard Park , off Louden Avenue and Sunri

6、se Highway.At larger than 1 acre, this dog park has lots of room to run and wooded areas for shade.Open dawn to dusk.Water sources are available in both the large- and small-dog areas.It has enough parking and seating.Open to Town of Oyster Bay residents.语篇解读本文介绍了美国长岛可以遛狗的一些公园。21. In which parks are

7、 water sources available?A . Isaac Park and Eisenhower Park.B . Napeague State Park and Isaac Park.C. Eisenhower Park and Clocks Boulevard Park.D. Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park and Clocks Boulevard Park.答案 C解析 细节理解题。由 East Meadow,日senhower Park 中的“each run has a water source”和 Massapequa,Clocks Boulev

8、ard Park 中的 "Water sources are available in both the large- andsmall-dog areas."可知，这两个公园提供水源。故选 C。22. What is required if you are visiting Isaac Park?A . Buying a permit.B . Spending $18 every year.C. Keeping public bathrooms clean.D. The identity as a resident of Town of Riverhead.答案 D解析

9、细节理解题。由 Calverton , Isaac Park 中的“Town of Riverhead residents only”可知，如果你想要参观Isaac Park,你必须具有Riverhead城镇的居民身份。故选 D。23. What' s special about Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park?A . Dogs can be trained there.B . It has large room for dogs.C. Dogs can get shade there.D. It is free for village residents.答案

10、 A解析细节理解题。由 Broolhaven, Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park中的倒数第二句“Large-dog area includes a training course.“ 可知， Robinson Duck Farm Dog Park 的特另U之处在于那里可以训练狗狗。故选AoB（2018广东清远高三上期末）Almost one in seven of the world ' s children live in risky areas with the most poisonous levels of outdoor air pollution ,

11、according to a UN report.Around 300 million children across the world have been detected in satellite imagery（图像）to be exposed to the severest outdoor pollution -six or more times higher than international guidelines suggested by World Health Organization.The satellite imagery also confirms around t

12、wo billion children live in areas where outdoor air pollution , caused by factors such as vehicle emissions, heavy use of fossil fuels , dust and burning of waste, is much severer than the standard set by WHO.In China , the environmental protection authority released a study last month showing nearl

13、y one-third of the children have been threatened by potential risks from indoor air pollution.According to its findings,26.8 percent of children in China are exposed to indoor air pollution attributable to solid fuels used for cooking or heating,12.7 percent have no properly treated drinking water,1

14、3.6 percent live in places where there are petroleum and other highly polluting factories within a radius（ 半径）of one kilometer , and 14.6 percent live in places where there are major highways within 50 meters.Outdoor and indoor air pollution are directly linked to some deadly diseases that account f

15、or almost one in ten under-five deaths, which makes air pollution one of the leading dangers to children ' s health.UNICEF China is cooperating with the government to study the effects of environmental health on children and will support the development of a Child Environmental Health Action Pla

16、n. " More needs to be done to protect children from the effects of air pollution , not only by governments, but by all of us.While reducing outdoor air pollution is the longer term goal, immediate steps can be taken to reduce indoor air pollution.Switching to clean fuels , ensuring air circulat

17、ion , building energy efficient homes and schools ,and stopping all cigarette smoking indoors are examples, " said Rana Flowers, UNICEF Representative to China.语篇解读这是一篇说明文，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了当今社会室内室外污染严重，甚至可能导致一些致命的疾病。24. The UN report shows that about .A. two billion children live in areas with t

18、he least outdoor pollutionB . one in seven of the children in the world live in risky indoor environmentC. one-third of the children in the world are under the threat of indoor air pollutionD. three hundred million children in the world suffer from serious outdoor pollution 答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句&quo

19、t;Around 300 million children across the world have been detected in satellite imagery（图像）to be exposed to the severest outdoor pollution six or more times higher than international guidelines suggested by World Health Organization. ” 可知,联合国的报告表明世界上有3亿儿童遭受着严重的室外污染。故选D。25. The underlined part “attrib

20、utable to" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by "".A . owing toB . instead ofC. part ofD . according to答案 A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句"According to its findings,26.8 percent of children inChina are exposed to indoor air pollution attributable to solid fuels used for cooking or heating. ” 可知，根据

21、调查结果，中国26.8%的儿童面临着由于做饭或取暖使用固体燃料而导致的室内空气污染。故画线处意为“导致，由于"。故选A。26. The following factors lead to outdoor air pollution EXCEPT .A. vehicle emissionsB . solid fuels used for cookingC. burning of wasteD. heavy use of fossil fuels答案 B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的"According to its findings,26.8 percent of child

22、ren in Chinaare exposed to indoor air pollution attributable to solid fuels used for cooking or heating. ” 可知，用于烹饪的固体燃料是导致室内污染的主要因素，不是室外污染。故选 Bo27. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Outdoor and indoor air pollution may lead to some deadly diseases.B . Air pollution is the most dangerous f

23、actor for children ' s health.C. Governments take all the responsibilities to reduce air pollution.D. Reducing indoor air pollution is more important than outdoor air pollution.答案 A解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Outdoor and indoor air pollution are directly linked tosome deadly diseases that account for a

24、lmost one in ten under-five deaths." 可知， 室夕卜和室内空气污染可能导致一些致命的疾病。故选AoC（2018河北保定高三上期末）Allan Felix is running a big business something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties.When she was 21 years old , she went blind due to certain illness.She recalled , “I hid in my home.I hid in

25、 the place.To me , that was the safest place in the world.”Luckily , Felix was not someone who gave up easily.Soon she began to explore the world by using her other senses.She touched and smelled everything she came across.She was soon able to do certain jobs herself, like milking the cows.On her fa

26、ther' s farm, Allan Felix found a new way forward.She founded a company, bringing in organic wines from many different countries.She traveled from South America to Europe with the help of Hanley (a guide dog named Hanley) . At first , Allan Felix resisted the idea of a Seeing Eye dog.But it'

27、 s hard to imagine her life or her business without him.She said, “When someone tells me something is organic and I don' t really believe it because I taste something funny on it, I' ll put it in front of Hanley' s face and if he likes the wine, he' ll actually go in and sniff it.If

28、it ' s not right, he' ll turn his head away.He goes to the vineyard with me.He scratches around.He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies.That' s how we know the soil is actually organic and that there are no chemicals.”Felix told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision w

29、as a gift.She said , “It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people the broken hang nail is not a big deal , you know what I mean ? All things will come round to him who will but wait.”语篇解读本文主要讲述了艾伦菲立克斯在21岁的时候因疾病而失明。但她没有轻易放弃，而是利用她的其他感官来探索世界。她还建立了一

30、家公司，引进不同国家的有机葡萄酒。通过触觉和嗅觉，在她的导盲犬的帮助下鉴定是否是有机酒葡萄酒，成为一名成功的商人。28. Why did Allan Felix hide in her home?A . She was shy and didn' t want to meet strangers.B . She feared that she would be hurt outside.C. She disliked being exposed to the sun.D. She got used to being alone at home.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的&

31、quot;When she was 21 years old, she went blind due to certainillness.She recalled ,'I hid in my home.I hid in the place.To me , that was the safest place in theworld.' "可知，当她21岁的时候，由于疾病她失明了。她躲在家里，对她来说，那是世界上最安全的地方。也就是说，在家里她不会被伤害。故选 B项。29. Which of the following statements is TRUE about H

32、anley?A It is no more than a guide dog.B It likes drinking organic wine.C It can distinguish earthworms and butterflies.D It helps Allan a lot in her organic wine business.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，艾伦菲立克斯开了一家公司，引进了来自不同国家的有机葡萄酒，在导盲犬的帮助下，她能够知道是否是有机葡萄酒。尤其是第三段第五句 “ But it s hard to imagine her life or her

33、 business without him. ” 可知，很难想象如果没有它（即导盲犬Hanley）,她的生活和生意会是什么样子。因此 Hanley不仅仅是导盲犬，还对她的生意有很大的帮助。所以D 是正确的。30. What does the underlined phrase “ the broken hang nail ” mean?A A nail which is of no use.B A task that is not easy to finish.C The difficulty you have to deal with.D The gift that God gives yo

34、u.答案 C解析 词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，菲立克斯告诉CBS 新闻， 她认为视力的丧失是一份礼物，这让她注意到了她认为很重要的东西，同时也告诉人们：手上有肉刺，这没什么大不了的， 只要肯等待，一切都会发生。分析句意可知，这里把需要应对的困难比作手上的肉刺。故选C 项。31. What plays a major role in Allan s successful wine business?A Her guided dog ， Hanley.B The loss of her vision.C Her born talent for business.D Her positive at

35、titude to life.答案 D解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，艾伦在二十多岁时，因为疾病而丧失了视力，但她没有轻易放弃，而是利用她的其他感官来探索世界。她还建立了一家公司，引进不同国家的有机 葡萄酒。通过触觉和嗅觉，在她的导盲犬的帮助下鉴定是否是有机酒。由此可知，她积极的生活态度对她事业的成功起着非常重要的作用。故选D项。D(2018广东汕头高三上期末)Our bodies have many clocks that control sleep , health and performance.f we do things at the wrong times , there can

36、be dangerous consequences.This year' s Nobel Prize was awarded to the three scientists who discovered the key genes in circadian (24-hour) body clocks.Their discovery enabled other scientists to discover the thousands of circadian times that control our health , our genes and even when we should

37、 have treatments.It can make the difference between life and death.Major heart surgery is common , but concerned about dangers.The most significant is the importance and duration of interrupting and restarting the body' s oxygenated blood supply.On Friday a study was published on the complicatio

38、ns arising from morning and afternoon heart surgery.The time of surgery made a significant difference: 54 (out of 298) patients who had surgery in the morning experienced complications (18% of all patients) compared to 28 (of 298) patients who had surgery in the afternoon (9%) . Heart surgery appear

39、s to be safer in the afternoon.The heart has a pretty strong circadian timing system, as is well-known to those in elite sports.According to sports experts,17 ： 00 (5pm) is the time of greatest cardiovascular( 心脏血管的 ) efficiency and muscle strength.The heart' s circadian strength in the late aft

40、ernoon may help explain better heart surgery outcomes at that time of day.Living to our circadian times boosts health ； when we do not live to these times we have increased health risks.Greater disease risks arising from circadian disruption have been identified in the brain, pancreas夷月).)and stress

41、 systems.Metabolic(新陈代谢的 )studies have found disruption in sleep, liver, gut(内脏)and metabolic systems.These are only some of the consequences of not living to our body ' s circadian clocks.The links between mental health problems and our circadian clocks are perhaps the strongest of all.Depressi

42、on is closely associated with awful sleep disorders.Indeed , changes in our circadian patterns are often the first symptom in many other mental illnesses.语篇解读我们的身体有许多控制睡眠、健康和性能的时钟，如果我们在错误的时间做了事情，就会产生危险的后果。本文围绕着生物钟给人类造成的影响进行阐述，告诉我们必须遵 循生物钟进行生活才健康。32. What is the benefit of the discovery of the key ge

43、nes in circadian body clocks?A . To discover when we should have treatments.B . To find some cures for some deadly diseases.C. To help the dying people.D. To discover what controls our health and our genes.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句 "Their discovery enabled other scientists todiscover the thousand

44、s of circadian times that control our health, our genes and even when weshould have treatments/,可知，他们的发现使其他科学家得以发现成千上万的控制我们的健康、基因，甚至我们应该何时治疗的生物钟时间。所以答案选 Ao33. The author uses major heart surgery as an example to illustrate .A . heart surgery is not a big dealB . it doesn' t matter when to have a

45、 heart surgeryC. it is definitely not safe to have a heart surgery in the morningD. the circadian timing system means a lot to heart surgery答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句"The most significant is the importance and duration ofinterrupting and restarting the body ' s oxygenated blood supply.“ 可知， 最重要的

46、是中断和重新启动身体的含氧血液供应的重要性和持续时间。可以推断出昼夜节律系统对心脏手术有很大意义。所以答案选 Do34. Which of the following is NOT the outcome of not living to circadian times?A. Depression.B . Greater disease chances in the brain.C. Disruption in liver.D. Fewer disease risks in stress systems.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“when we do not live to t

47、hese times we have increasedhealth risks”可知，当我们没有按照这些时间表生活的时候，我们就增加了健康风险。而选项D的意思是“疾病风险较少”。所以答案选 Do35. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?A . When we can have a heart surgery.B . How the circadian timing system controls our body.C. Why we must listen to the ticking of our bo

48、dy clock.D. What mental health problems we can meet.答案 C解析 标题归纳题。本文围绕着生物钟给人类造成影响进行阐述，告诉我们必须遵循生物钟进行生活才健康。故答案选Co第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。（2018四川绵阳三诊）Stress is so common that many people choose to ignore it.But without rightmanagement,stress can be something much m

49、ore serious. 36 They allow you to continue living your life in a healthy, happy manner.BreatheThe stress-relief technique that pretty much everyone' s heard of, the act of breathing nonetheless remains an important point as any when it comes to cooling down the angry blood that' s raging（发怒）

50、around your body. 37Write38 Scribble（涂写）your feelings onto a piece of paper.They don ' t even have to make sense.Just punch（$键）away at your computer on a day-to-day basis for five or ten minutes , and you might be surprised at how light , and carefree you feel afterwards.39Laughing allows us to

51、take in a momentous supply of fresh oxygen from the air , stimulating（刺激）the muscles and providing our system with some healthy shock treatment that eases tension brought on by stress.Laughing is something we need to do everyday to stay healthy , and is a great way to keep the bad effects of stress

52、at bay.SleepSleep is absolutely essential for avoiding high stress levels.Everyone needs good amounts of rest, and by remaining glued（ 寸步不离 ）to a computer screen for the entire day without taking a break, your body will suffer the consequences , and stress will rise as a result. 40 A. Cry B. LaughC.

53、 Stress can build up in anyone.D. Listed here are 4 ways to cope with stress.E. Type away at your desk and channel your emotions into your hard-drive.F. Taking along , deep breath to calm yourself is medically proven to be beneficial.G. Take frequent breaks away from the screen , get some sleep, and

54、 see your stress ease up.语篇解读本文作者针对如何减压这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。36 .答案 D 解析 下文 “They allow you to continue living your life in a healthy , happy manner.” 提至U他们会让你继续以一种健康、快乐的方式生活，所以上文会说这里例举了四种应对压力的方法，故选D。37 .答案 F解析 由本段小标题和内容可知，这里提到了深呼吸减压法，故选 F。38 .答案 E 解析 "Scribble（涂写）your feelings onto a piece of paper.

55、"这里提到把自己的压力写在一张纸上，故选E。39 .答案 B解析 由本段内容可知，这一段主要讲了大笑的好处，故选 B。40 .答案 G解析 由本段小标题和内容可知，本段是关于睡眠减压，故选 Go第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，？茜分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2018广东佛山质检二）On June 23,1970.I had just left the army after completing my one-year duty in Vietnam.I was on

56、41 returning home in Texas.I had been warned about the 42 of our fellow countrymen.There was no 43 welcome for us when we came home from that unpopular war.1 sat, in uniform , in a window seat ,44eye contact with my fellow passengers.No onewas sitting next to me, which added to my45 .A little girl s

57、uddenly appeared in thepassage.She 46 and, without saying a word ,47 handed me a magazine.I acceptedher 48 : her quiet awelcome home” . All I could say was , “Thank you." Her small gesture of 49 was the first I had experienced in a long time.I always believe in the connection between 50 when th

58、ey reach out to one another.That girl 51 has no memory of what happened years ago.She might have been told to do that by her mother.It doesn ' t matter 52 she gave me the magazine.The 53 thing is thatshe did.Since then , I have followed her example and tried in different ways for different people , to 54 for them.Like me on that plane ride long ago , they will 55 know why a stranger gave a hand.But I absolutely know that my 56