高考英语语法专题练习

1、高考英语语法专题练习情态动词与虚拟语气（含答案和解析）情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因 此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气.今天，让我们看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经 典例题，你都会吗？I .单句语法填空1. The only thing that I_could_do was that I wished her a long life.解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能长寿.所填词表示能力，此处要表达我唯一 “能” 做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could.2. Since you have such goo

2、d preparations, there_should_not解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题.根据since提供的 原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should.3. It has been accepted that all the students_shall_put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受. 在第三人称作主语的

3、陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall.4. Now I_would_like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片.1 would like to do.是固定句式，意 为“我想做”.5. Anyone_can_be in a rough life time, whether he is “BaiFumei" or “Gao Fushuai” .解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”.此处是情态动 词用于陈述句中，表示

4、“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can.6. （2014福建, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻.由句 意和主句中的“would +动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were.此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were.7. (2014陕西)We would rather our daughter_stayed_ (stay) at home with us, but

5、 it isher choice, and she is not a child any longer.解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩 子了.would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实.8. (2014重庆，13)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as ifI_had_done_ (do) it?解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户.你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？ as if引导的状 语从句中，谓语动词与wish

6、引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同.结合语境可知，此处表示 对过去的虚拟,填had done.9. (2016 石家庄二模)What a slow bus this is!一Yes, we_may/might_just as well walk.解析：may/might as well 不妨10. (2014四川，6) I still remember my happy childhood when my mother_would_ (will)take me to Disneyland at weekends.解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园.would

7、表 示过去的一种习惯.II .语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, _1. which “the world*s first harm” .Two months ago, after _2. drinking_ drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was _3. heavily_ heavy) drunk, but he still dr

8、ove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, _4. but_ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And _5. the_ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died._6. Had_ it not been for his un

9、cle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady _7. hadn't_died_ (die) , she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two _8. families_ ； family J were destroyed.I wish more people

10、_9. could_ ； can） realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse _10. to_drink_ （drink） and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!解析：1 . thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which.2 . after在此是介词，后跟动名词.3 .修饰was drunk用副词.4 .由didn't notice

11、判断,该空所用词表示转折,故填but.5 .特指上文提到的lady,故填定冠词.6 .根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子 的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了 if,所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该 空填Had.7 . if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadNtdied.8 .集体名词family在此是被看作整体,此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families.9 . wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could.10 . refuse后用动词

12、不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事”.川.单句改错1. （2016新课标II） Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.答案与解析：canf should或去掉can句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹.suggest 作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“（should+）动词原形”，故 此处可把can改为should,也可去掉can.2. （2015新课标工）We must found ways to protect our environment.答案与解析

13、：found-find句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法.情态动词must后接动词 原形.3. （2016湖南衡阳八中二模）It is true that no one should live without money in modernsociety.答案与解析：should-can句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活.根据句意可知，表 示“能，能够”须用can.4. （2016山西四校模拟）But for the rain, we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.答案与解析：have后加had句意：要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅

14、行.对过去的虚 拟用 should have done 结构.5. （2016海口 二模）He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have knownnothing about it.答案与解析：去掉had or前的句子不是虚拟条件句.16/162018高考英语语法专练：并列句与状语从句（含答案和解析）通常情况下，只要理顺句意，并列句和状语从句就不是问题了.来看看近几年高考英语是怎样 考查并列句和状语从句的吧！I.单句语法填空1. .（ 2014-江苏，21 改编）Lessons can be learned to

15、 face the future_though/although_history cannot be changed.解析：对比分析两个句子的意思可知从句表达的意思是“虽然；尽管”.句意为：虽然历史不 能被改变，但是可以学习经验来面对未来.设空处引导让步状语从句，故填though/although.2. （2014湖南,26 改编）You will never gain success _unless_you are fully devoted to yourwork.解析：根据句意可知主从句间是条件关系，且对比分析两句话间“主将从现”的时态及主句 中的否定词never可知用表条件的unles

16、s （if.not）.句意为：除非你完全投入到你的工作 中，否则你永远无法取得成功.3. 2015北京，25 改编）He is a shy man, _but_he is not afraid of anything or anyone.解析：but用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子.句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事 或任何人.4. （2015北京，32 改编）_Once_the damage is done, it will take many years for thefarmland to recover.解析：once一旦.句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复.5. （2015

17、天津,12 改编）We need to get to the root of the problem_before_we can solve it.解析：本题考查状语从句的连词.before表示“主句发生在从句之前”.句意：在我们解决问 题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源.6. （2015湖南，33 改编）_Although/Though_the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.解析：although/though虽然（表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连

18、词but,不过有时它可与 yet, still, nevertheless等副词连用）.句意:虽然那个工作要花大量的时间,但是大多数学生 都觉得这次经历是值得的.7. 2015湖南，35 改编）That's why I help brighten people's days.If you_don't_, who's tosay that another person will?解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句.在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可 能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态.此句中的 who'

19、s to say that another person will用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时. 句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来.如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？8. 12015四川，6 改编）There is only one more day to go_before_your favorite music groupplay live.解析：before意为“在之前”.句意：离你最喜欢的乐队的现场演奏只剩下一天了.9. 2015重庆，4 改编）If you miss this chance, it may be years _before_ you

20、 get anotherone.解析：It be +时间段+ before. “要过才会”.句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要 等很多年才会再有另一个机会.10. （2015江苏,26 改编）It is so cold that you can't go outside_unless_fully covered in thick clothes.解析：本题考查状语从句引导词及状语从句的省略.句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹着 厚衣服，否则不能外出.unless除非.unless从句中省略主语you及系动词are.11. It's a motto that we should n

21、ever remember the benefit we have offered _nor_ forget the favor received.解析：句意为：我们应当永远不要记挂我们所给予的好处也不要忘记我们所受的恩惠.这是一 则座右铭.nor为表示否定含义的并列词，never.nor.表示“既不也不”.12. Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow, _and_ the answer is sure to be Harbin.解析：句意为：（如果）你问任何一个中国人中国的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是

22、哈 尔滨.此处为“祈使句+ and/or+陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and.13. Stick to what you think is right, _and_ you will gain a surprising happy ending.解析：句意为：坚持你认为正确的，你会拥有一个幸福的结局.此处为“祈使句+ and/or+陈 述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and.14. Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it?Receivin

23、g a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie _when_ the truth will serve?解析：句意为：一一当我很累或懒得去答复时，我可以撒谎说没看过短信吗？一一收到短信 并不一定意味着必须回复.为什么非得滥用一个精心编造的谎言而不去说实话呢？对比分析主 从句谓语的动作可知是同时发生，因此用时间状语连词when表示“当时候”.15. Though it has been one year _since_ he came to the cit

24、y, he knows every street here like the back of his hand.解析：句意为：尽管他来这座城市仅仅一年，但是他对这儿的每条街道了如指掌.本题考查固 定句型“it has been +时间段+since.",表示“自从已经多久了 ”.16. What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month?He had such a good time _when_ he visited the Great Wall.解析：句意为：一一他认为上个月的北京之行怎么样？一一当他去参观长城时玩得很开心.设

25、空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候"，故填when.本题容易误用成“such.that.” 结构.17. Little _as/though_ he knew about classical music, he pretended to be an expert on it.解析：句意为：尽管他对古典音乐了解很少，但他假装对此是名专家.分析句意及句子结构可 知，设空处所在分句为让步状语从句，且否定词little位于句首，应用倒装结构，故填as或 though.although也表“尽管”，但其引导的从句要用正常语序，故不填.18. People in Dali are very fr

26、iendly and honest to you _whether_ you are a foreigner or just a local.解析：句意为：大理的人对你很诚实而友好，无论你是外地人还是当地居民.whether.or表 示“无论是还是”，引导让步状语从句.19. You can smoke here _if_ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.解析：句意为：如果你留一扇窗户使烟散发出去，你就可以在这里吸烟.根据句意可知，此处 为条件状语从句，表示“如果"，故填if.20. 2015浙江，9 改编）Just_as_

27、a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.解析：句意为：正如单独一个词能改变一个句子的含义一样，一个独立的句子也能改变一个 段落的含义Just as意为“正如,正像”，符合句意.I】.语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.My classmate Michael studied very hard _1. after_ he went to senior school. Every day he

28、 worked _2. until_ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying _3. unless_ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard _4. as/though_ he tried, he made little progress, but he didn't lose heart at all _5. because_ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one d

29、ay. _6. As_ time went by, he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a get-together party _7. before_ we started our new life in university. _8. Since_ everyone had got offers from universities, we had a very good time. When we stood _9. wher

30、e_ we used to play and study, we couldn*t help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other, _10. wherever_ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed, _11. although/though_we seemed a little sadder _12. than_before, we still fought back the tears.Ill ,单句

31、改错1. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.答案与解析：when-*than no sooner.than.“刚就,是固定用法.2. or colorful.答案与解析：or-and此处表示“生活丰富多彩”，rich与colorful是并列关系，且本句是 肯定句，故连词用and.3. I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened.答案与解析：so-*but由called与did not tell.的对比判断连词用but.表示“我给父母打电 话了，但是没有告诉他

32、们发生了什么”.4. It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you.答案与解析：but-s。天不太冷“所以”没有必要带很多衣服，连词用so,表示结果.5. It may be popular, and you may also get others confused.答案与解析：and->but由“get others confused 0判断连词用but,表示“可能会受欢迎， 但是也会让别人很困惑”.6. 12015四川）In fact, I don't like to go an

33、ymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.答案与解析：so-but作者不喜欢再去那里，“但是" 乂害怕失去他们的友谊，此处表示转 折，因此要用but.7. I'm sure that until we keep on practising, it will be easy for us to learn spoken English well.答案与解析：until-if此处表示“如果我们不断地练习，学好英语口语对我们来说就会很容 易”，所以用连词if引导一个条件状语从句.8. One day, I was

34、 cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.答案与解析：as-when be doing.when."正在做某事,这时,是固定句式.9. Charles Rolls, a car maker, was very interested in Royce's car, but soon Rolls and Royce went into business together.答案与解析：but-and “很快他们就合作了 ”是顺承前一句所说的事情发生的，故连词用 and.10. Work hard, you will make muc

35、h progress and realize your dream.答案与解析：you前加and本句是“祈使句+ and +陈述句”句式，表示“做，那么你 就会”.11. （2016新课标 I ） Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.答案与解析：去掉but句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎.though不和but 连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but.12. （2016新课标 I ） Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high

36、 quality oil are usedfor cooking.答案与解析：or-and句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油.从句意 判断前后是并列关系，故把。r改为and.13. （2016新课标Ilhere is no need to spend money.答案与解析：but-and句意：如果我们待在家里，会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱.上下句之 间是并列关系，而非转折关系.14. 2016四川）Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the housework.答案与解析：so-but句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她

37、得干大部分家务活.前后句之间为转 折关系，故应用but连接.15. （2016四川）Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.答案与解析：or-and句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母亲节这一天做一些事.both.and. “两者都”，是固定结构，符合语境.2018高考英语语法专练：特殊句式（含答案和解析）在高中阶段，对特殊句式的考查主要包括倒装句、强调句型和主谓一致，下面这些题几乎包 含了高考英语对特殊句式的全部考查点，认真做做吧！I .把下列句子变成倒装句1. We don't know its value unt

38、il we lose health.Not until we lose health do we know its value.2. I will never forget you as long as I live._Neverwill_ I forget you as long as I live.3. I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain.No _ soone匚_had_ I_ out than it began to rain.4. We can improve our English only in this way.Only

39、inthis way can we improve our English.5. We have so much homework to do that we have no time to take a rest._Somuchhomeworkdo_ we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.6. If it had not been for your help, I would have been late for school.Had it not been for your help, I would have been lat

40、e for school.11.用括号中所给词的正确形式填空1. Either you or the headmaster _is_ (be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.2. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _was_visiting_ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck.3. . Two fifths of the land in that district _is_ :

41、be) covered with trees and grass.4. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _work_ (work) in the clothing industry.5. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _are_being_washed_ (wash ； away each year.6. He is the only one of the students who

42、 _has_been_be： the winner of scholarship forthree years.7. Every possible means _has_been_used_ ：use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.8. When and where to go for the on salary holiday_has_not_been_decided_ (not, decide) yet.9. . She has set a new record, that is, the sal

43、es of her latest book _have_reached_ (reach J 50 million.10. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, _is_working_ (work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline.HI.根据句意与特殊句式，填入适当的词，使句意完整.1. _Only_by working hard can you catch up with the other students in your class.答案与解析：句意：只有通过努力学习，你

44、才能赶上班里其他的同学.“only+状语”置于句 首时，句子要用部分倒装.2. Not until he went through real hardship _did_ he realize the love we have for our families is important.答案与解析：句意：直到经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性mot until . 置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，用did.3. At no time _did_ they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish the

45、m.答案与解析：句意：实际上他们从来不违反比赛规定，惩罚他们不公平.题干中表示否定意义 的at no time置于句首，句子应该部分倒装.4. u Never for a second, “ the boy says,答案与解析：句意：那个男孩说：“我一秒钟都没有怀疑过我父亲会来救我表示否定意义 的词（主语除外）位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，根据句意可知说的是过去的事情，故用 did.5.答案与解析：句意：迈克尔不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生.表否定的not once 置于句首，后面的句子需采用部分倒装形式.6. _Only_when he apologizes for his rud

46、eness will I speak to him again.答案与解析：句意：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他.“only+状语从句”置于句 首时.，主句部分倒装.7.答案与解析：句意：直到阅读了这些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极 难完成的.It is/was . that是强调句型.还原为普通句式为：8. It was not until near the end of the letter _that_ she mentioned her own plan.答案与解析：句意：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划.本题考查not . until . 的强调句

47、形式，即 It is/was not until. that.9. It was with the help of the local guide _that_ the mountain climber was rescued.答案与解析：句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了.被强调部分为with the help of the local guide,将本句还原为普通句式为 With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个

48、完 整的句子.10. It was not until I came here _that_ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.答案与解析：句意：直到来到这里我才意识到这里之所以出名不仅是因为它的美丽还因为它 的天气.强调句结构为it was not until. that.”直到才 .11. Little _does_ she care what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.答案与解

49、析：句意：她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现.表否定意义的little位于句 首，句子要用部分倒装.12. notice the spelling mistake.答案与解析：句意：直到第二次读了她的作文之后玛丽才注意到那个拼写错误."only+状语 从句”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即助动词置于主语前.其次，根据after引导的从句的 时态可知，该句要用一般过去时.13. Only when he reached the teahouse _did_ he realize it was the same place he'd been in last year.答案与解

50、析：句意：直到他到了茶馆的时候，他才意识到这就是他去年来的地方.only修饰状 语（从句）置于句首时，句子（主句）需部分倒装.14. Find ways to praise your children often, _and_ you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 答案与解析：句意：设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉.根据句意 可知，前句后表顺承关系，故填and.15. Was it on a lonely island _that_ he was saved one month after the boat

51、 went down?答案与解析：句意：他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的？结合句意可 知，这里用It was . that强调句结构，被强调的是地点状语on a lonely island.M语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.AThere _1. was_ :be） a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters. Not only _2. did_ they get good cares, but also they needed to do n

52、othing. However, _3. only_ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food; and seldom could she _4. gain_ gain） some rest. Not _5. until_ midnight was she allowed to go to bed. Poor _6. as/though_ she was, she was very beautiful. One day, from the palace came _7. an_ invitation, saying

53、 that the prince would choose his wife. Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella _8. been_ (be) permitted to go with them.“_9. Were_ (beJ I a princess, I would live a whole new life! ” sighed Cinderella. No sooner had she sat down _10. than_ a goddess appeared

54、 and gave her a smart dress, a cargo as well as horses. But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 o'clock. When Cinderella arrived at the party, _11. so_ attractive was Cinderella that the prince only danced with her. Hardly had the clock stricken twelve _12. when_ Cinderel

55、la began to run, and she left a crystal slipper on the stair. The prince's servant came to Cinderella's to find out the owner of the slipper. Cinderella's elder sister couldn't wear it. _13. Neither/Nor_ could another sister. Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly. From then on she lived happily ever after with her prince.文章大意：灰姑娘每天都要做很多