新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳

1、v1.0可编辑可修改新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳重点短语：have a stomachachetake one ' s temperature to one ' s surpriseUnit 1 What ' s the matterhave a coldlie downhave a fevergo to a doctoragree to (do sth.) get into troublebe used totake risksrun out (of)cut offget out ofbe in control ofkeep on ( doing sth. )gi

2、ve up语言知识归纳：1. What' s the matter (with you)此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：What' s wrong with you/ What ' s the troublematter作动词用，意为“要紧” “有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句 What does it matter It doesn ' t matter.【例题】Does it if we can ' t finish it todayA. mind B. minds C. matter D. matters2. I have a sore t

3、hroat.have “患病”，常用 “ have a /an+ 名词”. have a coldhave a fever have a sore backhave a stomachache have a cough【例题】( )-Does he often have cold -Yes. He also a cough anda sore throat.A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; havedown and rest!躺下休息lie down 躺下单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlyi

4、ngs probablywhy.那可能就是原因。probably 意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。5. hurt v.使受伤；伤害；疼痛He hurt his leg when he fell.他摔伤的时候伤了腿。My feelings were hurt when he didn ' t ask me to the party.他没有请我参加聚会使我很11八年级英语下册知识,醺1页共22页v1.0可编辑可修改伤心6. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping.公交车司机，24 岁的王平24-year-old是用连字符连接

5、数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”(名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语)【例题】 A girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father.A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old7. expect vt.期待；预期；期盼 expect的常见用法：expect+名词/代词The old man isexpecting hisdaughter ' s visit.expect to do sth.I expect toget a birthdayp

6、resent from my(expect sb. to do sth.Do you expecthim to teachyou Englishexpect + 从旬I expect thatyou will getthere soon.【辨析】expect 与 look forward to两者都有期待的意思look forward to doing sth.I ' m looking forward to seeing Tom.8. But to his surprise.但是令他吃惊的是to one ' s surprise 表示“令人惊奇的是”,相当于“主语 +be+s

7、urprised ”To his surprise, he found the girl was bind.=He was surprised to find the girl was blind.令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】in surprise 表示“惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。The two girls looked at each other in surprise.那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。be surprised at 表示“对感到惊讶”。We are very surprised at the news.听至4这个消息，我们彳艮诧异。surpris

8、ing 表示“使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。9. They don' t wan t any trouble.他们不想惹麻烦。trouble用作名词，意为“烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。His life is full of trouble.他的生活充满了 烦恼。What' s the trouble 怎么了trouble用作动词，意为“麻烦，打扰”。I ' m sorry to trouble you.抱歉打扰你。【拓展】与trouble相关的短语in trouble 处于困境中 get into trouble陷入困境Have trouble (in) doin

9、g sth. 做某事有困难【例题】-How is your English study -Not bad. But I learning English grammar.22八年级英语下册知识,醺2页共22页v1.0可编辑可修改A. am interested B. am good at C. have a little trouble D. have notrouble10. 辨析 used to do sth. 与 be used to sth. / doing sth.过去常常习惯于某事/做某事We used to draw pictures badly.You will get use

10、d to the weather here.In the end, I got used to doing hard work.11. 辨析 run out 与 run out of人 + run out ofThey have run out of the water.物 + run out ( 不可用于被动语态) The money is running out.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项()Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumplings. I need to buy some now.A. ate up B. run out

11、 of C. ran of D. ran out of12. make decisions = make a decision 作出决定decision 为decide的名词形式make a decision to do sth. = decide to do sth.13. be in control of 管理；控制A teacher should be in control of his class.重点语法：情态动词should的用法(1) should后接动词原形，变否定句在 should后加not,变一般疑问句时将should提前。(2) should常用于以下两种情况：提出建议Y

12、ou looked tired. You should lie down and rest.表推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Wait a minute. I think he should come in a minute.Unit 2 I ' ll help to clean up the city parks.重点短语：clean upby oneselfcheer upput offgive output onused togive awaytake afterset upmake a difference care forcome up with语言知识归纳：1. give ou

13、t 分发，发放【拓展】give构成的短语还有：give away赠给，赠送 give in屈服，投降give up 放弃give off发出（气味、光、热等）up with 提出，想出（1）表示“想出或提出"，相当于think ofI think she can come up with a good idea（2）come up with还可表示 “赶上”，相当于 catch up with.We should study hard to come up with them【例题】（）We must a plan to improve your math.A. pick up B.

14、 catch up with C. come up with D. make up3. I ' v run out of it.我已经把它用完了。run out of 表示“用完，用光”，其主语一般是人。【拓展】run out of还可表示“从跑出来”。Bill ran out of the room. Bill从房间里跑出来。run构成的短语还有run away 逃走run after追赶run into difficulties遇至 U 困难【例题】（）When your money, please come to me for some.A. runs out of B. run

15、s out C. is running out of D. is run out4. I take after my mother.我长得像我妈妈。【辨析】take after 与 look liketake after 意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”，尤其是像自己的长辈The boy takes after his father.这个男孩长得像他爸爸。look like可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。The man looks like our teacher.The rainbow looks like a bridge.【拓展】take构成的短语take uptak

16、e off这个男的看起来像我们的老师 彩虹看上去像一座桥。take place44八年级英语下册知识,醺4页共22页take one ' s time take care-Thank you. I my mother.【例题】（）- You' ve really beautiful blond hair.A. look after B. take after C. take from D. look for5. set up 创办，建立set up为副词短语，与 start, establish 同义They' ve set up a company.他们创办了一家公司

17、。与set相关的短语还有：set out 动身，开始（做某事）v1.0可编辑可修改set off 出发，引起，激发6. You helped to make it possible for me to have lucky.对我来说，有了你的帮助，我才 有可能拥有Lucky.it 是形式宾语You made it possible for me to catch up with others.你让我有可能赶上其他人。【例题】（）He found hard to go to sleep with the light on.A. it B. that C. he D. himmakes a big

18、 difference to my life. Lucky对我的生活产生了很大的影响。make a big difference 意为“对产生很大的影响"，difference 在此为“影响”的意思。【例题】（）The heavy snow didn ' t the international airlines.A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to8. imagine v.想象，假想；以为，认为imagine （v.想象） imagination （ n.想象） imaginative

19、 （adj.富于想象力的）. out 帮克服困难，帮分担工作The teacher often helps his students out.那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。excited about. 对兴奋I ' m excited about the game of Li Na.我对李娜的比赛感到兴奋。exciting 修饰物 重点语法：动词短语动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：（1）动词+介词这类动词短语主要有：agree with, ask for, arrive at, hear of, look at, take after,listen to 等。这类动词后的宾语无论是名

20、词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。I ' m looking for my pen. Don' t laugh at the poor man.（2）动词+副词这类动词短语有： find out, give out, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out 等。这类动词后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词前面或后面；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在 副词前面。Please pick up the pen.= Please pick the pen up.It took him two hours to work it out.（3）

21、动词+名词+介词这类动词短语有：have a look at, make friends with, pay attention to, take care of,look forward to 等。在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.（4） 动词+形容词+介词这类动词短语有：be angry with, be busy with, be good for, be different from, beinterested in,be good at 等。【例题】(1) ( ) When y

22、ou don' t know a word, you can in the dictionary.A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up(2) ( ) Wewill have dinner at the restaurant, which is famous its sea food.A. of B. to C. forUnit 3 Could you please clean your room重点短语：take out the rubbish make the bedall the timeborrow some

23、 money help with housework hang out with. a waste of timein order toas.as.take care ofin surprisedo the dishesas a result语言知识归纳：那位作家正在写一本新书她打算从事她的物理项目1. work on 从事于；着手干The writer is working on a new book.She is going to work on her physics project.【例题】()The scientists are inventing some methods of p

24、roducing electricity.A. working on B. working out C. working at D. working for2. at least 至少at least 修饰时间、距离、长度等，以加强语气。翻译短语位at most,意为“至多，最多”。He kept me waiting at least an hour.There were fifty people there at most.3. all the time 一直；总是Things are changing all the time.事情一直在变化。【拓展】time相关的短语及时on time

25、 准时at the same time同时 in timeFrom time to time 偶尔 the first time第一次【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。()I always go shopping on Friday.66八年级英语下册知识,醺6页共22页v1.0可编辑可修改A. all the time B. all the same along D. all the way5. I ' m just as tired as you are!我和你样累。as.as 意为“和一样”，表示同级比较。as.as中间要用形容词或副词原级。This story is as

26、interesting as that one.这个故事和那个一样有趣。否定式为not as/so.as, 意为“不如”。The garden is not so beautiful as you thought.【例题】（）He speaks French well, but of course not a person born in France.clear as B. clearer than C. as clearly as D. the more clearly6. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did

27、 I.个星期， 她不做家务，我也不做家务。so,neither 倒装句型S。+ 助动词/ be动词/情态动词+主语“Neither + 助动词/ be动词/情态动词+主语这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况，后面某人（物）也是这样。助动词 / be动词/情态动词 在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复形式由后句的主语决定。So依附于肯定句，neither依附于否定句。Bill watched TV last night. So did Ann.Lily isn ' t a teacher. Neither is Mary.【例题】（）-I never drink coffee. -. d

28、o I B. So did I C. Neither did I D. Neither do I7. 辨析 borrow 与 lendborrow sth. from sb. 向某人借（入）某物lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人【注】borrow,lend都是非延续性动词，如果要表示“借多长时间”要用 keep。【例题】（）Although you like the book, you may only it for two weeks.A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay8. spend v.花费（金钱；时间） spe

29、nd + 钱/时间+ on sth. 在上花费时间或金钱spend + 时间+（ in） doing sth.花时间做某事【例题】（）Yang Feng every Saturday afternoon volunteering in an old people' shome.A. costs B. takes C. pays D. spends8. provide v.提供；给予trovide sth.The restaurant provide the best service.）rovide sb. with sth. The parents provide the childr

30、en with food and vide sth. for sb. The schools provide desks and chairs for the students.77八年级英语下册知识,醺7页共22页v1.0可编辑可修改【例题】（）To protect the env ironment, supermarkets don ' t free plastic bags toshoppers.A. take B. show C. provide D. carry10. depend on依靠；依赖；相信depend on为固定短语，不能用进行时态，也不可

31、用被动语态As we know, good results depend on hard work.You can' t depend on your parents forever.10. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.孩子越早学会独立，对他们的将来就越好。the + 比较级.，the +比较级.“越就越”The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.【例题】（）-There

32、was thick haze（ 雾霾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it-I think cars we drive,A. the fewer; the fewer.pollution our city will have.B. the fewer; the lessC. The more; the fewerD. the more; the less11. in order to（1） in order to的用法意为“为了”，强调目的，后接动词原形。In order to let the students hear him, h

33、e spoke loudly.We have to study hard in order to pass the exam.In order not to be late for school, she took a taxi. 含in order to的句子可以转变为由so that 或in order that 引导的状语从句。She ran quickly in order to catch the bus.She ran quickly in order that she could catch the bus.She ran quickly so that she could ca

34、tch the bus.12. as a result 的用法as a result用于引出结果，常用于两个句子之间，其中一个是另一个的结果，且前后用标点符号将两个句子隔开，意为“结果是”。He didn ' t listen carefully. As a result, he couldn' t work out the maths problem.【注】as a result of的意思是“由于，因为”, 相当于because of。Peter was late as a result of the heavy rain.= Peter was late because

35、of the heavy rain.【例题】（）The boy studied hard. , he passed the exam.A. la fact B. On time C. After all D. As a result88八年级英语下册知识,醺8页共22页v1.0可编辑可修改Unit 4 Why don ' t you talk to your parents1010八年级英语下册知谏点10页共22页重点短语:work outcompare.withso thatnot.until.s opinionlook throughcut outa big dealcommuni

36、cate with instead of 语言知识归纳：get on with in oneget into a fightcall sb. up1. Why don ' t you talk to your parentsWhy don t you do sth.= Why not do sth.“为什么不【拓展】提出建议的句型 What/How about doing sth.做某事怎么样Shall we do sth.我们做某事好吗你最好（不）做某事为什么不做某事呢你介意做某事吗 You' d better(not) do sth.Why don t you do sth

37、. Would you mind doing sth.2. allow v.允许，许可 allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事“My parents allow me to play computer game on weekends.Z allow doing sth.“允许做某事She doesn' t allow smoking in her house.3) a llow+ 名词We can t allow such a thing.【例题】()Do you often allow until 11:00 .A. to stay up B. stay up C

38、. staying up D. and stay up3. work out 产生效果，进展Things worked out quite well for us. He worked out the maths problem.Can you work out the problem alone 4. communicate v. 交流信息；沟通对我们来说，事情进展很好。他算出了这道数学题。你一个人能把问题搞清楚吗此刻我无法同他们进行交流。没有交流，人们就无I can ' t communicate with them at the munication n.交流

39、People can ' t get on well with each other without communication.法相处得好。【例题】选出能代替旬中划线部分的一项。()People choose to keep in touch with their friends by e-mail.A. write B. read D. communicate5. argue vi. 争论；争吵argue with sb.与某人争论Don' t argue with your parents.不要和你的父母争论。argue 的名词形式是“argument” , have a

40、n argument with sb. 与某人辩论。Alice hand an argument with her best friend.【例题】()I never argue my parents.6. instead adv.代替，顶替If you are busy, you may come another day instead.【辨析】instead 与 instead ofinstead副词舍前取后，可单独使用，位于旬首或旬末。_instead of介词短语舍后取前，后面常跟名词，代词及动词 ing。He didn ' t answer. He asked his fat

41、her instead.We eat rice instead of noodles.【例题】()What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.of B. instead of with7. offer v.提供；提出；建议offer 做“提供”讲时，可接双宾语。offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.向某人提供某物The waitress offered a cup of tea to the man.= The waitress offered the man a cup of

42、 tea.offer还有“提出，建议”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主动提出做某事。The old man offered to lend the boy some money.【例题】()The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought8. And they are always comparing them with other pare作动词，意为“比较，和相比”。 compare.with. 把同相比较Parents shou

43、ldn ' t always compare their children with others.父母们不该总是把自己的孩子同别人相比较。 compare.to. 把比作People often compare the life to a stage.人们常把生活比作一个舞台。v1.0可编辑可修改【例题】（）My handwriting can not be compared my father ' s.A. to B. with C. on11. My cousin borrows my things without returning them.return 意为“归还”

44、，其后可接双宾语return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb.DoH t forget to ret urn me the keys.return 还有“返回”的意思，相当于 go back,后接地点时需要介词to He returned to Shanghai a week ago.【例题】那本书你还给图书馆了吗Did you the book the library（）I don ' t know when we will Hong Kong.A. return back B. return to C. return back toUnit 5 What

45、were you doing when the rainstorm came重点短语:go off die down take down in a messpick upmat firstthe rest offall asleepake one ' s wayin silencewait forhave meaning tobasketball competition as wellmake sure语言知识归纳:1. while当的时候作连词引导时间状语从句，在 while引导的从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从 句中的动作或状态同时发生。While I was watc

46、hing TV, someone knocked at the door.when意为“当时”，动作有一前一后的意思When I passed that room I heard someone singing.while作连词时也可理解为“然而”，表示转折关系。I like apples while my sister doesn ' t.【例题】（）Tom likes reading a newspaper he is having breakfast.（）Mary was talking on the phone someone knocked at the door.2. ma

47、ke sure 查明；确信iiii八年级英语下册知谏点11页共22页v1.0可编辑可修改 make sure of sth. make sure to do sth. make sure that + 从旬【例题】（）Read your English paper again and there is no mistake in it before youhand it in.sure up out for3. I got to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.get意为“到达”时，是不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，要加介词to。How can I

48、 get to the nearest supermarket表示“到达”的三种形式：arrive 意为到达at +小地点arrive in +、 大地点get to后接地点名词。He got to school at 7:00 this morning.reach意为“到达”，是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词。When did you reach America【例题】（）Please write to me as soon as you your school.to to（）-When did your aunt in Shandong -Yesterday afternoon.4. Peo

49、ple often remember what they were doing whenthey heard the news of important events in history.hear动词，意为“听说”。常用结构为：hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事hear of/about sb. /sth.听说某人或某事hear from sb. 收到某人的来信hear + that 从句 听说【例题】（）Tom likes to others but he never writes to them.of about fro

50、m（）-When did you the news -Just now.about from5. I played the song without any mistakes.without 介词，意为“无；没有”，其反义词为with,后接名词、代词或动词ing。Fish can ' t live without water.1212八年级英语下册知谏点 12页 共22页v1.0可编辑可修改He went to work without having breakfast.【例题】她没敲门就进了房间。She entered the room at the door.你不戴眼镜能看得清东西

51、吗Can you see clearly yourUnit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.重点短语:a little bitonce upon a timeas soon asbe born语言知识归纳：2. try的用法 try to do sth. try doing sth.instead offall in loveinstead o尽力做某事试着做某事oget married give birth toHe is trying to learn English.You should try tak

52、ing more exercise.1414八年级英语下册知谏点14页共22页 try one ' s best 尽力 I ' ll try my best to help him. try on 试穿 Would you like to try this dress on2. remind vt.使想起，提醒 remind sb. of/about sth. remind sb. to do sth.time.4. What do you think of .使某人想起某事 The song remind me of my childhood.你认为怎么样提醒某人做某事 Pe

53、ter reminded her to attend the meeting onWhat do you think of . = How do you like.注：think后接动名词，like后接带to的不定式如： What do you think of going climbing tomorrow=How do you like to go climbing tomorrow你认为明天去爬山怎么样【例题】（）-do you think of the football match- It ' s perfect. It ' s more exciting than m

54、atch that I have ever watched.A. How; any other B. How; any othersC. What; any other D. What; any others5. Neither of you is wrong.你们两个都没错。neither 两者都不；也不.Neither of the ideas is good.I like neither subject.neither作连词，表示“既不也不”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则.Neither you nor he is in this team.Neither he nor I a

55、m a teacher.【例题】（）-Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walk man-. I prefer a computer.A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither5. unless的用法unless的意思是“除非，如果不"，相当于if not,用来引导条件状语从句。主句同常用将来 时，从句用一般现在时。.You will miss the early bus unless you get up early.We won t go to the cinema tomorrow unless my mother does.【例题】（）We can ' t be successful we keep working hard.6. so.that. 如止匕以至于6.1. .that.可以转化为简单句，要用 too.to. 或not.enough to. 句型时，not后要用原句中的形容词或副词的反义词。She is so young that she can '