英语阅读长难句

1、1 "Mechanical pencils rule," my fifteen-year-old grandniece, Genevieve, declared when I invited her to be her generation's voice on school supplies.难句类型： 复杂修饰语法分析："Mechanical pencils rule," my fifteen-year-old 宾语 主语grandniece, Genevieve, declared when I invited her to 谓语 时间状语

2、be her generation's voice on school supplies. 意群训练："Mechanical pencils rule," my fifteen-year-oldgrandniece, Genevieve, declared when I invited her tobe her generation's voice on school supplies. 参考译文： 当我让我十五岁的孙侄女格尼微说说她们这代都用什么学习用品时，她说“自动铅笔”。2As she consigned the yellow-painted wood

3、en pencil to the wastebasket of history, I felt a rush of nostalgia for the perfumed sharpener shavings of my youth.。难句类型: 状语从句难词注解：nostalgia: n. 怀旧之情；语法分析：As she consigned the yellow-painted wooden pencil to 状语从句the wastebasket of history, I felt a rush of nostalgia for 主语 谓语 宾语the perfumed sharpen

4、er shavings of my youth.补语意群训练：As she consigned the yellow-painted wooden pencil tothe wastebasket of history, I felt a rush of nostalgia forthe perfumed sharpener shavings of my youth.参考译文：看着她将刷了黄漆的木杆儿铅笔扔进历史的垃圾箱里，一种怀旧情感油然而生，让我想起自己年轻时削铅笔时闻到的那种香气。3Black holes are the most efficient engines of destruc

5、tion known to humanity.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：Black holes are the most efficient engines of destruction known to humanity. 主语 系动词 定语 表语 条件状语意群训练：Black holes are the most efficient engines of destruction known to humanity.参考译文：黑洞是人类所知的最具毁灭性的武器。4Accordingly, astronomers long assumed that supermassive holes, le

6、t alone their smaller cousins, would have little effect beyond their immediate neighborhoods.难句类型：插入语难词注解：supermassive: n. 巨大的，超级的语法分析：Accordingly, astronomers long assumed that supermassive holes, let alone their smaller 独立成分 主语 谓语 宾语从句 插入语cousins, would have little effect beyond their immediate ne

7、ighborhoods. 宾语从句意群训练：Accordingly, astronomers long assumed that supermassive holes, let alone their smaller cousins, would have little effect beyond their immediate neighborhoods.参考译文：因此，宇航员一直认为超级黑洞对跟前的物体都不会产生什么影响，就更别提普通黑洞了。5It was the week before Christmas, and on the last day of the year she woul

8、d become Mrs. Joseph Tank.难句类型：过去式和过去将来时语法分析：It was the week before Christmas, and on the last day of the year she would 主语 系动词 表语 定语 并列连词 时间状语 主语 助动词become Mrs. Joseph Tank.谓语 表语意群训练：It was the week before Christmas, and on the last day of the year she wouldbecome Mrs. Joseph Tank.参考译文：那是圣诞的前一周，而在那

9、年的最后一天，她将会成为丹科夫人了。6She had told Joe that if they were to be married at all they might as well get it over with this year, and still there was no need of being married any earlier in the year than was necessary.难句类型：复杂从句，双宾语语法分析：She had told Joe that if they were to be married at all they might as we

10、ll get it over 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语with this year, and still there was no need of being married any earlier in the year than was necessary.意群训练：She had told Joe that if they were to be married at all they might as well get it over with this year, and still there was no need of being married any earlier i

11、n the year than was necessary.参考译文：她跟乔说过，如果他们真要结婚的话，等过了年再结也可以，没必要非得赶在年前。7. Ridiculing television, and warning about its inherent evils, is nothing new.难句类型：复杂主语语法分析：Ridiculing television, and warning about its inherent evils, is nothing new. 主语 并列连词 主语 谓语 表语意群训练：Ridiculing television, and warning ab

12、out its inherent evils, is nothing new.参考译文：对电视的冷嘲热讽和对其内在危险的警告早已不是什么新鲜事儿了。8It has been that way since the medium was invented, and television hasn't exactlybeen lavished with respect as the decades have passed.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：It has been that way since the medium was invented, and television hasn&

13、#39;t exactly 主语 系动词 表语 时间状语 连词 主语been lavished with respect as the decades have passed. 谓语 方式状语 时间状语意群训练：It has been that way since the medium was invented, and television hasn't exactlybeen lavished with respect as the decades have passed.参考译文：自从媒介诞生以来，情况就是如此，几十年来，人们从未大方的表示对电视的尊敬。9. I suspect,

14、 though, that a lot of the fear and loathing directed at television comes out of a time-honored, reflexive overreaction to the dominant medium of the moment.难句类型：复杂从句，复杂修饰难词注解：loathing n. 嫌恶 Reflexive adj. 反射的语法分析：I suspect, though, that a lot of the fear and loathing directed at television comes ou

15、t of a 主语 谓语 宾语从句time-honored, reflexive overreaction to the dominant medium of the moment.意群训练：I suspect, though, that a lot of the fear and loathing directed at television comes out of a time-honored, reflexive overreaction to the dominant medium of the moment.参考译文：不过，我怀疑许多对电视的恐惧和厌恶都来自于人们对这一时代主流媒体

16、长期的过度反应。10. For the past several decades, television has been blamed for corrupting our youth and excitingour adults, distorting reality, and basically being a big, perhaps dangerous, waste of time.难句类型：复杂原因状语语法分析：For the past several decades, television has been blamed for corrupting our youth and

17、时间状语 主语 谓语 原因状语exciting our adults, distorting reality, and basically being a big, perhaps dangerous, waste of time.意群训练：For the past several decades, television has been blamed for corrupting our youth and excitingour adults, distorting reality, and basically being a big, perhaps dangerous, waste o

18、f time.参考译文：在过去的几十年里，人们常说电视教坏了年轻人，刺激了成年人，扭曲了事实，而更主要的是，它非常浪费时间，甚至到达了危险的地步。11. And long before thatin fact, some 2.500 years earlier philosophers were arguing that poetry and drama should be excluded from any ideal city on much the same grounds.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：And long before that in fact, some 2.500 ye

19、ars earlierphilosophers were arguing 时间状语 主语 谓语 that poetry and drama should be excluded from any ideal city on much the same grounds. 宾语从句意群训练：And long before thatin fact, some 2.500 years earlier philosophers were arguing that poetry and drama should be excluded from any ideal city on much the sam

20、e grounds.参考译文：再往前推很多年，事实上，大概是2,500年前，哲学家们还曾因为相同的原因试图把诗歌和戏剧从理想的城市中赶出去。12In Book 10 of the Republic, Plato (428-348 B.C.) attacks epic poet Homer (c. 850 B.C.) and the tragedians on several grounds, all of which have a familiar ring.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：In Book 10 of the Republic, Plato (428-348 B.C.) attac

21、ks epic poet Homer (c. 850 B.C.) 状语 主语 谓语 宾语and the tragedians on several grounds, all of which have a familiar ring.宾语 原因状语 补语意群训练：In Book 10 of the Republic, Plato (428-348 B.C.) attacks epic poet Homer (c. 850 B.C.) and the tragedians on several grounds, all of which have a familiar ring.参考译文：在理想

22、国的第十卷中，柏拉图就一些原因抨击了史诗大师荷马以及一些悲剧家他们有一个常见的特点。13Clearly, he would have given thumbs down to the central characters of Shakespeare's Hamlet and Macbeth.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：Clearly, he would have given thumbs down to the central characters of Shakespeare's 状语 主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语Hamlet and Macbeth.意群训练：Clear

23、ly, he would have given thumbs down to the central characters of Shakespeare's Hamlet and Macbeth.参考译文：显然，对于莎士比亚作品哈姆雷特和麦克白中的中心人物，他也不会给予肯定。14One academic who has studied and written extensively about both Plato and television suggests that Plato, rather than being anti-arts, was merely an elitist

24、.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：One academic who has studied and written extensively about both Plato and television 主语 定语suggests that Plato, rather than being anti-arts, was merely an elitist.谓语 宾语意群训练：One academic who has studied and written extensively about both Plato and television suggests that Plato, rather

25、than being anti-arts, was merely an elitist.参考译文： 一位对柏拉图和电视都颇有研究并发表了大量文章的学者提出，柏拉图并不是反对艺术，他只不过是支持精英主义而已。15Food has always been considered one of the most salient markers of cultural traditions.难词注解： salient adj. 突出的，显著的语法分析：Food has always been considered one of the most salient markers of cultural t

26、raditions. 主语 谓语 宾语意群训练：Food has always been considered one of the most salient markers of cultural traditions.参考译文：人们通常认为食物是文化传统中最鲜明的标志。16When I was a small child, food was the only thing that helped identify my family as Filipino American.语法分析：When I was a small child, food was the only thing that

27、 helped identify my family as 时间状语 主语 系动词 表语 定语Filipino American.意群训练：When I was a small child, food was the only thing that helped identify my family as Filipino American.参考译文：我小时候，食物是唯一能让我们感觉自己是菲律宾裔美国人的一点。17As my parents became more acculturated, we ate less typically Filipino food.语法分析：As my pare

28、nts became more acculturated, we ate less typically Filipino food. 原因状语 主语谓语 补语 宾语意群训练：As my parents became more acculturated, we ate less typically Filipino food.参考译文：后来，我父母慢慢的入乡随俗，我们吃的菲律宾食品也就越来越少了。18When I was in high school, we ate chicken marsala and shrimp fra diablo more often than Filipino di

29、shes like pansit lug-lug.语法分析：When I was in high school, we ate chicken marsala and shrimp fra diablo more often 时间状语 主语谓语 宾语thanFilipino dishes like pansit lug-lug. 程度状语意群训练：When I was in high school, we ate chicken marsala and shrimp fra diablo more often than Filipino dishes like pansit lug-lug.参

30、考译文：当我在上高中时，我们吃的马沙拉葡萄酒鸡肉和shrimp fra diablo要远远多于像pansit lug-lug这样的菲律宾食品。19Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarinwho in 1825 confidently announced, "Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are"would have no trouble describing cultural identities of the United States.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：Jean Anthe

31、lme Brillat-Savarinwho in 1825 confidently announced, "Tell me what 主语 定语you eat, and I will tell you who you are"would have no trouble describing cultural identities of 谓语 宾语 定语the United States.意群训练： Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarinwho in 1825 confidently announced, "Tell me what you e

32、at, and I will tell you who you are"would have no trouble describing cultural identities of the United States.参考译文：Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin曾经于1825年自信地说过“告诉我你吃什么，我就能说出你是谁”，让他来描述美国的文化特征显然不是什么难事。20Our food reveals us as tolerant adventurers who do not feel constrained by tradition.难句类型：同位语难词注

33、解：constrain n. 限制语法分析：Our food reveals us as tolerant adventurers who do not feel constrained by tradition. 主语 谓语 宾语 同位语 定语意群训练：Our food reveals us as tolerant adventurers who do not feel constrained by tradition.参考译文：从我们吃的食物中可以看出，我们宽容大度，勇于冒险，不为传统所限。21Without some knowledge of language, of history,

34、of inflection, of the position of the storyteller within the group, without a hint of the social roles played by males and females in the culture, without a sense of the society's humor or prioritieswithout such knowledge, how can we, as reader or listener, penetrate to the core of meaning in an

35、 expression of art?难句类型：复杂状语语法分析：Without some knowledge of language, of history, of inflection, of the position of the 条件状语storyteller within the group, without a hint of the social roles played by males and females in the 条件状语culture, without a sense of the society's humor or prioritieswithout

36、such knowledge, how can 条件状语 疑问词 能愿动词 we, as reader or listener, penetrate to the core of meaning in an expression of art?主语 同位语 谓语 宾语意群训练： Without some knowledge of language, of history, of inflection, of the position of the storyteller within the group, without a hint of the social roles played by

37、 males and females in the culture, without a sense of the society's humor or prioritieswithout such knowledge, how can we, as reader or listener, penetrate to the core of meaning in an expression of art?参考译文: 如果不了解一个文化的语言、历史和词汇的变位，或者讲述者在群体中的地位、文化中男性和女性的社会角色、以及这个社会的性情或重心，如果没有这些知识，那么，作为读者或听众，我们怎么能

38、够洞察某一艺术表达的核心含义呢？22The difficulty of gaining access to the literature of a different culture may be illustrated by an exemplary folktale (in translation) from the Tanaina (Athabaskan) culture of south-central Alaska.难句类型：复杂主语语法分析：The difficulty of gaining access to the literature of a different cultu

39、re may be illustrated 主语 谓语by an exemplary folktale (in translation) from the Tanaina (Athabaskan) culture of south-central 方式状语Alaska意群训练：The difficulty of gaining access to the literature of a different culture may be illustrated by an exemplary folktale (in translation) from the Tanaina (Athabask

40、an) culture of south-central Alaska.参考译文：以阿拉斯加中南部Tanaina（阿撒巴斯堪语）文化的一个典型的民间故事（翻译之后的）为例，可以说明接触另一个文化的文学作品之难度。23. It would typically be told to a general audience within the society, including the full rangeof ages from young children to grandparents: it would be recounted with gesticulation and exagger

41、ation by a performance specialist.难句类型：复杂修饰难词注解：recount n. 详述，描述语法分析：It would typically be told to a general audience within the society, including the full 主语 谓语 宾语 rangeof ages from young children to grandparents: it would be recounted with gesticulation and 主语 谓语 方式状语 exaggeration by a performanc

42、e specialist.意群训练：It would typically be told to a general audience within the society, including the full range of ages from young children to grandparents: it would be recounted with gesticulation and exaggeration by a performance specialist.参考译文：通常，故事都会面向社会中的普通观众，包括从小孩到老人等各个年龄段的人：表演人士通过其姿态和对作品的夸张向

43、人们重新讲述。24There was an empty room at the top of our house and on the wall, between the fireplace and the window, almost hidden in the gloom, hung a small portrait in oils.难句类型：复杂主语语法分析：There was an empty room at the top of our house and on the wall, between the 形式主语 谓语 主语 地点状语 fireplace and the windo

44、w, almost hidden in the gloom, hung a small portrait in oils. 地点状语 谓语 主语意群训练：There was an empty room at the top of our house and on the wall, between the fireplace and the window, almost hidden in the gloom, hung a small portrait in oils.参考译文：我家的顶层有个房间。在这房间中的壁炉和窗户中间挂着一幅油画，隐藏在黑暗中。25Dim and yellowed b

45、y time, that picture showed the head of a man of strange appearance, for he had long hair and below his pointed beard was some kind of wide collar brim.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：Dim and yellowed by time, that picture showed the head of a man of strange 定语 主语 谓语 宾语appearance, for he had long hair and below his p

46、ointed beard was some kind of wide collar brim. 原因状语意群训练：Dim and yellowed by time, that picture showed the head of a man of strange appearance, for he had long hair and below his pointed beard was some kind of wide collar brim.参考译文：油画上是一位长相奇怪的男子的头像，他有着长长的头发，尖尖的胡子下是宽大的领角儿。由于年代有些久远，油画显得暗淡发黄。26 His fac

47、e was melancholy and yet it always seemed to me that there was a Sneer upon those bearded lips.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：His face was melancholy and yet it always seemed to me that there was a Sneer upon 主语 谓语 表语 主语 谓语 表语those bearded lips.意群训练 ： His face was melancholy and yet it always seemed to me that there

48、 was a Sneer upon those bearded lips.参考译文：他的表情深沉忧郁，在我看来，那胡子下的嘴角写着些许的讥笑。27Children rarely look up when they are playing with toys on the floor, for they are too busy with their own imaginings, but one day, when I had strayed into that vacant room and was amusing myself, I happened to glance toward th

49、e portrait and saw, to my astonishment, that the eyes of the man were watching me.难句类型：复杂修饰语法分析：Children rarely look up when they are playing with toys oh the floor, for they are too 主语 谓语 时间状语 原因状语 busy with their own imaginings, but one day, when I had strayed into that vacant room and was 时间状语 时间

50、状语 amusing myself, I happened to glance toward the portrait and saw, to my astonishment, that the 主语 谓语 宾语并列连词 谓语 eyes of the man were watching me.宾语意群训练：Children rarely look up when they are playing with toys oh the floor, for they are too busy with their own imaginings, but one day, when I had str

51、ayed into that vacant room and was amusing myself, I happened to glance toward the portrait and saw, to my astonishment, that the eyes of the man were watching me.参考译文：当孩子们玩玩具时，他们很少抬起头来，他们总是沉浸在自己的想象中。然而，有一天，当我迈进那个房间时，我惊奇的发现，我的目光碰巧落在了那幅画上，我吃惊的发现画中的男子也在看着我。28I got to my feet and, as I did so, those ey

52、es turned to watch every movement I made.语法分析：I got to my feet and, as I did so, those eyes turned to watch every movement I made. 主语 谓语 伴随状语 主语 谓语意群训练：I got to my feet and, as I did so, those eyes turned to watch every movement I made.参考译文：我站起身来，然而，我发现我往哪儿动，那双眼睛就看向哪儿。29I did not tell anyone what had happened, but I did not venture into the room again for more