MATLAB英文翻译

1、Teaching Electronics with MATLAB John Okyere Attia Department of Electrical Engineering Prairie View A&M University P.0. Box 397, Prairie View, Texas 77446 Abstract：MATLAB is a numeric computation software for engineering and scientific calculations.MATLAB is being used to teach circuit theory,f

2、ilter design,random processes,control system and communication theory.MATLABmatrix functions are shown to be versatile in doing analysis of data obtained from electronics experiments.The graphical features of MATLAB are especially useful for display of frequency response of ampl$ers and illustrating

3、 the principles and concepts of semiconductor physics.17ze interactive programming and versatile graphics of MATLAB is especially effective in exploring some of the characteristics of devices and electronic circuits. Introduction The electrical engineering program at Prairie View A&M University

4、has integrated computer-aided engineering (CAE) and computer-aided design (CAD) packages in its curriculum.Two of the popular software packages that is used in the department are MATLAB and PSPICE. The aims of incorporating the packages into the curriculum are (i) to enhance the theoretical understa

5、nding of engineering principles and concepts, (ii) to allow students to solve fairly complex problems that would otherwise be impossible without CAE and CAD packages.In addition, we want to introduce our students to software programs that they will use after graduation. Whereas, SPICE is de facto un

6、iversity and industry standard for analog circuit simulation,and it is indispensable for simulating medium-scale and very large-scale integrated circuits, there are cases where the use of MATLAB supplements the capabilities of SPICE.This paper describes some areas in electronics where MATLAB have be

7、en used to teach electronics to undergraduate electrical engineering students. Matlab MATLAB is a numeric computation software for engineering and scientific calculations. MATLAB is primarily a tool for matrix computationsl.MATLAB is a high level language whose basic data type is a matrix that does

8、not require dimensioning.There is no compilation and linking of programs as it is normally done in other high level languages,such as C or FORTRAN.In MATLAB, all computations are done in complex valued double precision arithmetic to guarantee high accuracy. MATLAB has a rich set of plotting capabili

9、ties. The graphics are integrated into MATLAB.Since MATLAB is also a programming environment, a user can extend the functional capabilities of MATLAB by writing new modules.MATLAB has a large collection of toolboxes for variety of applications. A toolbox consists of functions that can be used to per

10、form some computations in the toolbox domain. Some examples of MATLAB toolboxes are: signal processing, image processing, neural network, control system, statistics,symbolic mathematics,optimization and system identification.MATLAB is being used to teach filter design 2, random processes 3, control

11、systems 4, communication theory 5,and circuit analysis6,7. Circuit SimulatorSPICE SPICE is one of the most successful circuit simulation programs. Its widespread usage attests to the applicability of the program to large variety of circuit simulation problems. SPICE utilizes modified nodal analysis

12、approach. It can be used for non-linear dc,non-linear transient and linear ac analysis problems.It can also be used to perform noise analysis,temperature analysis, Monte-Carlo analysis. One of the advantages of SPICE is its inclusion of device models for active devices such as dicde, BJT, JFET, and

13、MOSFBT8 Electronic Courses at Prairie View A&M University In the dcpartment of Electrical Engineering at Prairie View A&M University,there are three required electronics courses:Physical Electronics, Electronics I and Electronics II.In Physical Electronics, we cover the basic laws of electro

14、n motion,behavior of charges in solids, semiconductor device physics, device behavior in DC circuits. In Electronics I, the following topics are discussed: operational amplifier, diodes, field effect transistors, bipolar junction transistors, analysis and design of linear ampaers, biasing, small and

15、 large signal behavior.The following topics are covered in Electronics II:Design and analysis of multistage amplifiers,difference amplifiers,fkequency response of amplifiers,feedbackconcepts, analysis and design using discrete and integratedcircuits.In addition,to the three course, the department ha

16、s a course, Electronics Laboratory, which covers topics in Electronics I and II. Examples of the Use of MATLAB in Electronics 1. Frequency Response of umpliJers &filters For simple electronic circuits, the transfer function can be found.MATLAB can then be used to obtain the poles and zeros of th

17、e circuit.For example, for an electronic circuit with the transfer function The MATLAB function roots can be used to determine the roots of a polynomial.The poles and zeros of the circuit can be plotted using the MATLAB function zplane.The function polyvd is used for polynomial evaluation.The functi

18、on freqs can easily be used to obtain the ftequency response. The versatile nature of MATLAB allows "what-? analysis.In addition, the graphical features of MATLAB help students to learn the type of amplifier (direct-coupled,RC-coupled, tuned) or filter (lowpass, highpass, bandreject, bandpass)

19、obtained Erom various transfer functions and circuits. 2. Analysis of Simple Diode Circuits Both MATLAB and SPICE can be used to analyze simple diode circuits. MATLAB can be used to obtain the diode current and voltage using iterative technique 9. In addition,for rectifiers with filter capacitor, MA

20、TLAB can be used to solve the transcendental equations needed to obtain the turn-on, turn-off time and hence, the conduction time of the diode. For battery charging circuit9, the fraction of time the diode conducts and the peak value of diode current can be examined under different conditions using

21、MATLAB. 3. Analysis of Electronics Laboratory Data Data obtained from electronic devices can be analyzed using MATLAEL In one of the electronics laboratory sessions, the students obtain the corresponding values of the current passing through and voltage across a diode.They use MATLAB (i) to plot the

22、 semiconductor diode i-v characteristics, (ii) to determine the reverse saturation current and diode empirical constant. The MATLAB functions that have been found useful in electronic data analysis are: diff,colon operator, save, load. 4. Illustrating semiconductor device concepts and device charact

23、erization We are using MATLAB to determine the electron concentration in bulk silicon as a function of temperature, to obtain the majority and minority carriers in a semiconductor device at various doping concentrations,to describe the effect of doping concentration on both electron and hole mobilit

24、ies. For pn junctions, MATLAB is very useful in illustrating the depletion capacitance vs. junction potential;and the breakdown voltage vs.doping concentration.The interactive nature of MAW, its immediate graphing facilities and built-in functions are especially useful in reinforcement of student un

25、derstanding of semiconductor fundamentals. Comparison of MATLAB Electronics and SPICE for Both MATLAB and SPICE are currently being used for teaching electronics at Prairie View A&M University. There are other universities that are using both MATLAB and SPICE in their electrical engineering curr

26、iculum l0.SPICE can simulate small to very large electronic circuits. MATLAB is more suited to analyzing small circuits.SPICE package include device models. Device models are not part of MATLAB.Poles and zeros can easily be obtained using MATLAB. At present, SPICE does not have the facility for dete

27、rmining poles and zeros of circuits. The computational and graphical nature of MATLAB are well-suited for describing the characteristics of extrinsic and intrinsic semiconductors. SPICE program was not written to describe the characteristics of semiconductor materials.Whereas SPICE can display the i

28、- v characteristics of pn junctions,the depletion capacitance as a function of junction potential, the breakdown voltage of pn junction with respect to doping concentration,and other junction Characteristics can be handled by more easily by MATLAB than by SPICE.Table 1 summarizes the strengths and l

29、imitations of the two packages with respect to teaching electronics. Features SPICEMATLABType of Circuits foAnalysis small to veIy large circuits small circuitsFrequency Response yesyesInclusion of Device Model in Software Package yesnoDetermination and plot of poles and zeros noyesBulk Semiconducto

30、rCharacteristics noyespn junction characteristics - excluding I-v characteristics noyesReaction from Students MATLAB has been used in our program for the past four years.The students find MATLAB easy to learn. This can be attributed to its extensive tutorials,on-line help, interactive nature and ver

31、satile graphics.The response of students who use MATLAB in electronics and other electrical engineering courses has been positive. Students remark that (i) MATLAB reinforces their understanding of theoretical principles and (ii) increases their interest in the subject matter.Conclusions Areas in ele

32、ctronics where MATLAB can be used to teach electronics principles and concepts to electrical engineering students are discussed.MATLAB has been used to examine the frequency response of mplifias and filters. The versatile nature of MATLAB allows "what-if'' analysis that can be used to s

33、trengthen students understanding of electronics.MATLAB is useful in analyzing data obtained fiom electronics laboratory experiments.In addition, it has been found that the interactive nature of MATLAB and its immediate graphing facilities are especially useful in enhancing the understanding of conce

34、pts and principles of semiconductor fundamentals. Furthermore, MATLAB and SPICE are compared with respect to teaching electronics References 1 Etter, D.M. "Engineering Problem Solving using MAW" Prentice Hall, 1993. 2 Burms, C.S. "Teaching Filter Design using MAIZAB', ICASSP, Vol.

35、 1, pp. 20 - 23, 1993. 3 Kirlin, R.L. and Hedstrom, B.A. "A Computer- Oriented Random Processes Course for a Mix of Graduates and Undergraduates" ICASSP, Vol. 1, pp. 24 - 27,1993. 4 Ogata, K. "Solving Control Engineering Problems with MAIZAB" Prentice Hall, 1994. 5 Attia, J.O. &q

36、uot;Teaching Communication %oly Using MAZZAB" 1995 Engineering and Architecture Symposium, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas, pp. 435 -440, Jan. 30 - 31,1995. 6 Gottling, J.G. "Matrix Analysis of Circuits Using MAIZAB",Prentice Hall, 1995. 7 Attia, J.O. "Teachi

37、ng AC Circuit Analysis with MAZAB", Proc. of Frontiers in Education, 25th Annual Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, pp. 2c6.9 - 26.12, 1995. 8 Vladimirescu, A. "% Spice Book " John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1994. 9 Sedra, AS. and Smith, K.C. "Microelectronic Circuits 'I,Saunders Colleg

38、e Publishing, 1991. 10 Azemi, A. and Yaz, E.E. "Pspice and MAW in Undergraduate and Graduate Electrical Engineering ",Proc. of Frontiers in Education, 24th Annual Conference, pp. 456 - 459,1994. 译文：教学电子,用MATLAB摘要：matlab是一种数值计算软件，matlab环境工程与科学计算存在用于教育、滤波器设计电路理论、随机过程,控制系统和通信理论.matlab矩阵函数的结果做

39、分析的多功能电子实验得到的数据。matlab的图形特征显示是非常有用的激光束的频率响应放大器和说明应遵循的原则及半导体物理概念。这互动的设计和最多才多艺的图形的matlab探求一些特别有效的设备、电子电路的特点。介绍：电气工程项目,在大草原的观点农工大学的计算机辅助工程为一体(CAE)和计算机辅助设计(CAD)包裹在它的课程。两种流行的软件用于MATLAB和PSPICE部。 这目的结合包到课程(1)来提高工程的理论认识基本原则和理念,(2)让学生来解决公平复杂的问题,否则是不可能的没有CAE及CAD软件包。此外,我们想去的地方介绍我们的学生,他们西城il软件程序毕业后使用。应遵循的原则及半导体

40、物理概念。这互动的设计和最多才多艺的图形的matlab探求一些特别有效的设备、电子电路的特点。然而,SPICE实际上就是大学和业界标准的模拟电路的仿真,模拟为研究对象,它是不可缺少的中、非常大规模集成电路,有案例中,利用MATLAB的补充能力的SPICE。介绍了MATLAB在电子在一些地区已被用来教电子电气工程专业的本科学生。Matlab MATLAB是一种数值计算软件的工程和科学计算。首先是一种工具MATLAB计算1.矩阵MATLAB是一种高级语言的基本数据类型的矩阵表示不需要尺寸。没有编译和链接的程序,通常都是在做其它高级语言,如C或FORTRAN语言。在MATLAB环境下,所有被做在复杂

41、的价值计算双精度算术,保证较高的计算精度。MATLAB有丰富的策划能力。MATLAB的图形都纳入。自从MATLAB也是一种编程环境,用户可以扩展功能能力的MATLAB通过写作新的模块。MATLAB收藏了大量的工具箱各种不同的应用。工具箱包括功能这可以用来做一些计算的工具箱的领域。用MATLAB工具栏里的一些例子有:信号处理、图像处理、神经网络,控制系统、统计学、象征性的数学,优化和系统识别。MATLAB是被用来教滤波器设计2,3、随机过程控制系统45,通信理论和电路分析6,7电路模拟器SPICE SPICE是其中一个最成功的电路特性的模拟程序。它的广泛使用表明中的适用性这个程序,以品种繁多的电

42、路特性的模拟问题。利用改进节点分析方法,SPICE。它可以用于非线性直流、非线性瞬态和线性交流分析问题。它也可以被用来执行的噪音分析、温度分析,用蒙特卡罗分析。一个的好处是它所包含的SPICE装置模型为活跃的设备,如二极管,BJT,JFET,MOSFET8在电子课程观农工草原大学 在电机工程学系的草原观点农工大学,有三个要求电子课程:物理电子、电子我和电子II。在物理电子学,我们涵盖电子运动的基本规律、行为的指控中固体颗粒,半导体器件物理,装置的行为在DC电路中。在电子产品1中，下列主题讨论:运算放大器、二极管、场效应晶体管、双相性精神晶体管、分析和设计线性放大器,偏倚,小的和大的信号的行为。

43、下列主题包含了在电子II:设计和分析的多极放大器、差异放大器、频率响应的功放,反馈概念,分析和设计中离散和综合电路中。此外,对三个课程,司法部已经一个课程,电子实验室,它涉及的话题电子I和II栏目中。在电子中利用MATLAB的例子1. 放大器、滤波器的频率响应对于简单的电子电路、传递函数即可发现。MATLAB可以被用来获取两极和零点的电路。例如,为一种电子电路用传递函数的MATLAB函数根可以用来决定的一个多项式的根。这个电路的极点和零点利用MATLAB函数标准zplane。 这polyval多项式函数是用来评估。这功能freqs可以很容易的被用来获取的频率反应。多样性的本质决定了MATLAB

44、允许“什么- ? ?分析。此外,MATLAB的图形特征帮助学生学习类型的放大器(优点,RC-耦合,调谐滤波器()或低通、高通、bandreject,通带)获得了从各种各样的传递函数和电路中。2. 简单的二极管电路分析MATLAB和SPICE都可以用于分析简单的二极管电路。MATLAB可以被用来获取使用二极管电流和电压迭代技术9。在还与滤波电容器、MATLAB整流器用于解决,需要获得超越方程在导通时,转弯时间,因此,传导时间的二极管。为电池充电电路9,的一小部分二极管进行时间和峰值的二极管电流可以研究不同条件下使用MATLAB的特点。3. 分析电子实验室数据 电子设备所获得的资料用分析MATLA

45、B于一体的电子产品实验课程,学生们获得相应价值观的电流和电压穿过一个通过二极管。他们使用MATLAB(1)绘制半导体器件二极管电流-电压特性,(2)来确定反转饱和电流和二极管经验常数。这MATLAB函数就已经被发现是很有用的电子数据分析:差别、结肠算子,保存,负荷。4. 说明半导体器件的概念和器件特性分析我们正在用MATLAB来确定电子散装硅浓度为温度的函数获得多数,少数载流子在半导体中在各种各样的掺杂浓度装置,来描述的效果掺杂浓度和空穴迁移率。为pn路口,MATLAB是非常有用的,在说明电容vs.损耗;交界处潜力击穿电压vs.掺杂浓度。互动自然的M W,它的直接观看较长周期的设施和内建函数是

46、特别有用的强化学生的理解半导体的基本面。MATLAB和SPICE的比较,为电子产品MATLAB和SPICE都正在用于教学实践电子在草原观点农工大学。有其他的大学,他们利用两者都有MATLAB和SPICE在他们的电气工程专业课程10。SPICE可以模拟小到非常大电子电路。MATLAB是更适合于分析小的电路。SPICE包包括装置模型。装置模型并没有参加MATLAB的特点。极点和零点获得了用MATLAB可以很容易的。目前,SPICE没有设施为确定极点和零点的电路中。计算和图形的本质MATLAB是配描述特征外在和内在的半导体。SPICE计划不是写来描述的半导体材料特征。而SPICE可以显示iv特点的耗

47、竭pn路口,电容一个函数的交界处的潜力,晶体管的击穿电压的pn结合对掺杂浓度,以及其他交界处的特性可以由更容易byMA "实验室要比用香料。表1总结的长处及限制这两个软件包对教学电子产品。表1 MATLAB和SPICE的特点特征SPICEMATLAB类型电路的分析小到非常大电路小电路频率响应是是夹杂物的设备模型在软件包装是否决心和情节的波兰人和零点否是散装半导体特点否是pn结特征-不含电流-电压特点否是从学生的反应MATLAB程序已被用于我们的过去的四年。学生们发现MATLAB很容易学。这主要归因于其大规模的教程,在线帮助,交互性、多才多艺的图形。变化的响应学生使用MATLAB在电子及其他电气工程相关课程的做法持肯定的态度。学生说他们理解的MATLAB(