定语从句（适合基础差的学生）

1、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子: : The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从

2、句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, that, aswhere, when，why关系词的三关系词的三个作用：个作用：A. B. C.引导定语从句；引导定语从句；代替先行词；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。在定语从句中充当一个成分。 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用which /that引导，引导，并且在从句中做并且在从句中做主语或宾语主语或宾语。These are the trees

3、_ were planted last year.that/whichYesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.that/which当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, , 用用who/that/whom引导引导,并且在从句中做并且在从句中做主语或宾语主语或宾语。I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.The man _ you saw just now is our manager.who/thatwhom/that/who I know the girl_ mot

4、her is a teacher.The building _ roof we can see from here is a supermarket.whosewhose关系代词whose既可以指人也可以指物，并且在从句中做定语定语。 功能作用代替人代替物代替人或物主语宾语定语whowhichthatwhom/whowhichthatwhosewhosewhose下列情况只能用下列情况只能用that1.1.当先行词被序数词修饰时当先行词被序数词修饰时Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.3. 当先行词为不定代词当先行词为不定代词anyt

5、hing, something, nothing, little, few, much, any, none, one等时等时 2.2.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时This is the first place that I have ever visited.All that I can do has been done.5. 先行词中既有人又有事物时先行词中既有人又有事物时They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.Ive read all the books that

6、 you lent me.6.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the girl that has black long hair? Which is the pen that you bought?7.当先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.8.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时He is not the man that he was.二、关系副词引导的定语从句where(地点)/when(时间)/why(原因)关系副词的作用：1.

7、在从句中代替表时间、地点和原因的先行词2.在从句中做状语，表时间、地点、原因1.where的用法This is the house. I was born in the house.This is the house where I was born.e.g. China is the country where pandas can be found.where 引导的定语从句的先行词是表地点的名词用关系副词where连接下列句子(1)This is the bridge. We took photos on the bridge.(2)The hotel wasnt clean. We s

8、tayed in the hotel.This is the bridge where we took photos.The hotel where we stay wasnt clean.(1)This is the house where I was born.(2)This is the bridge where we took photos.(3)The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.关系副词=介词+关系代词 where = in/on/at + whichThis is the house in which I was born.This is

9、the bridge on which we took photos.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.2.when的用法when引导的定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.I still remember the time when I lived in the countryside.on whichduring which3.why的用法Why引导的定语从句其先行词是表原因的名词，如reason/excuse/explanation等There ar

10、e many reasons why people like traveling.This is the explanation why they put off the meeting.for whichfor which三、如何判断关系代词和关系副词方法: (1)判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 (主语、宾语、定语、状语)(2)看从句的谓语动词及物动词 关系代词不及物动词 关系副词 This is the place he works.This is the place we visited last year.That was the time he arrived.Do you still

11、 remember the days we spent together?wherethat/which whenthat/which This is the reason he went.The reason he gave us was quite reasonable.The hotel we stayed in was dirty.The hotel we stayed was dirty.why/for whichthat/whichthat/whichin which/where牛刀小试牛刀小试 一、一、During your teenage years, it is import

12、ant to give your body the energy 1）_(所需要的所需要的)If you skip meals, you dont get enough calories 2)_(身体所需要身体所需要的的) , and then you feel tired. By the way ,“calories” is just another word 3）_(被用来指能量的被用来指能量的) .Teenage girls need about 2200 calories a day and boys need a bit more -doctors suggest 2800 for

13、teenage boys. 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit 4) _(他们吃的他们吃的) . You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day .Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair. that it needs that your body

14、 needs which is used to mean energy they eat Exercise is something 5)_(能帮助使你看上能帮助使你看上去不错并且健康的去不错并且健康的) . Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes exercises, five times a week. That is easy to do! Walking and riding your bike count(有重要意义有重要意义), and so do school sports. Many teenagers

15、are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body produce some chemicals 6)_(使你感到使你感到放松并增强集中精力的能力的放松并增强集中精力的能力的) when you study. These chenicals can even help you sleep better at night.that can help to makeyou look good and be healthythat make you feel relaxed andincrease your ability to conc

16、entrate .二、二、I received the letter 1_(上周你寄给我的上周你寄给我的). Thank you for sending me the photos 2)_(使我想起我们一起度过的快使我想起我们一起度过的快乐时光的乐时光的)Do you still remember the lakeside(湖边湖边) 3) _(我们拍照的我们拍照的)How are those friends 4）_(曾经跟我们一起玩的曾经跟我们一起玩的)? Last night I had a dream 5)_(我们在上次去过的电影院看电影的我们在上次去过的电影院看电影的). By the way, I have bought the Engli