初中英语人教版八年级下册unit8-现在完成时

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 专心-专注-专业 现在完成时态教学设计 崔三艳 霸州市第二十中学 教学目标：学生熟练掌握运用现在完成时 教学重点：现在完成时的结构、定义、过去分词的构成、运用及和一般过去时态的区别 教学难点：延续性动词和非延续性动词在完成时中的应用 教具准备：投影仪 ppt 教学步骤： Step1. I have finished all my homework.我把所有的功课做完了。 I have cleaned all the rooms.我把所有的房间都打扫完了。 He has eaten up all the food.他把所有的食物都吃光了 定义：表示过去发生并且已经完成

2、的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，并且可能还会持续的动作或状态。 结构：主语+have/has+done（动词的过去分词） Step2.过去分词的构成 一、规则动词 (1)+ed eg: workworked (2)+d eg: closeclosed (3)变 y 为 i+ed eg: studystudied (4)双写+ed eg: stopstopped 精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 专心-专注-专业 二、不规则动词（见表） Step3. 1.短暂性动词与时间段的关系 短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin,

3、 buy, borrow, come (go arrive), die, finish join, leave 等.为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词。 2.2.短暂性动词转换成延续性动词 become-be begin-have borrow-keep buy-have come (go, arrive, get)-be here/there/in. die -be dead finish-be over join -be in (be a member of )leave -be away (from) 3.但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用 如：I have

4、nt bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 She hasnt come here for an hour. 她来这还没有一个小时。 4.改 错 (1).I have bought the watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years. I have had this watch since five years ago. (2).The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten year

5、s. 精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 专心-专注-专业 The old man has been dead since ten years ago. Step4.Step4. have been to ,havhave been to ,have gone to, have been in e gone to, have been in 的用法比较的用法比较 have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处， 现在人不在那儿。 have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在 人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时间了” e

6、g: 1. Has she ever been to Nanjing? 2. You have never been there, have you? 3. I have been to Guilin, I went there last year. 4. She has gone to Nanjing. 5. They have been in this city for two years. Step5 与一般过去时进行比较 一、现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响，一直持续到现在等） ；而一般过去

7、时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情，与现在没有关系。 1.He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 2.He bought an English-Chinese dictionary 第一句用现在完成时想表达他买了本字典，现在还有这本字典。 精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 专心-专注-专业 第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本字典， 至于现在是否还有不强调。 二、当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时： eg: I saw the film on television yesterday. 但 since（自.以来）+某一

8、过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。 eg: They have known each other since 1950. Since he was a child, he has lived in England. 三、常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语： Yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, 时间+ago, last+时间等 eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week. Step6.Step6.现在完成时练习现在完

9、成时练习 (1).动词填空： 1._you_(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. When _you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._he_(see) this film yet? Yes. When _he _(see) it . He _it last week. 3. How many times _you _(be) there？ 4. I_(read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 专心-专注-专业 5.She _(go)

10、 to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. (2).用 for 和 since 填空 1.We havent seen each other _a long time. 2. His father has been in the Party_10 years ago. 3. The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4. Mr Green has worked here_ he came to China. 5. His grandparents have been

11、 dead _several days. 6.Its five years_ we met last time. (3).用 have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空 1. Mike and his parents _the city for half a year. 2. Mum is not at home now. She _ to the shop. 3. _you ever _to Kunming? Never. 4. Where _you _these days? 5. Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he_ her

12、e for several days. 6. Where is Peter? I dont know where he_？ (4).改错 1. How long have you begun to study English? 2. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. 3.The river has become very dirty since last August. 精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 专心-专注-专业 (5).选择 1. The house is dirty. We _ it for weeks. A. Didnt clean B. hadnt