宾语从句讲解

1、宾语从句一、基本讲解1, 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg. He said he was good at draw in g.动词 宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down(.动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said(介词宾语)2, 连接词(1) 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that，口语中常常省略。eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句

2、，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg. I won der if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei.注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether不用ifeg. We are talk ing about whether well go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用 whether.eg. Please let me know what to do n ext. Could you tell me whet

3、her to go or not?c. if当”如果”讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用 whether.(3) .特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词 后 要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：息 齐洋另hink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句弓I导词+do you think+陈述句语序。3, 宾语从句时态a, 当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句 的限 制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know (if/whether h

4、e has see n the film) ?b, 当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：I didn't know (whether he had seen the film.)注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象 科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:He said (that the earthmoves round the sun.)The teachertold us (that light travels much faster tha n soun d.)4. 人称的变化和标点的使用a, 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句

5、则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变 化。如：(一主二宾三不变)%1 "May I use your kn ife? "He asked me.He asked me if he might use my knife.%1 "Do you know her teleph one nu mber? "He asked me.He asked me if I know her teleph one nu mber.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是 疑I可句，用问号。如：Who will

6、give us a talk? I don't know. I don't know who will give us a talk.Do you know ? Where does he live? >Do you know where he lives?、宾语从句的转化1. 当主句谓语动词是 hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等, 且主句 主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me

7、 with my maths.2. 当主句的谓语动词是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面 带 特弁疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy.Ti don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是 ask, tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”，或者在连接代词 /副

8、词引导 的 宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一 ？致时，宾语 从句 可简化为“连接代词/副词+ 不定式”结构。女口：一 Could youtellme how to get to the park?4.当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句 常简 化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground.时态语序引导 从句不需受限制宾语

9、从句小口诀：宾语从句三注主句一般现在时,主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether.特殊问句疑问词，弓I导词后陈述式。初中宾语从句专项习题 巩固练习)1. Have you decided for Australia? A. when will you leave C. you will leave whe n )2. Can you tell me? A. where does Tom live C. Tom lives where )3. The old man asked me. A. where was the cinema C. where

10、the cin ema was )4.1 thi nkyou will like him.A. thatB. ifC. why)5.1 did n't know he will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherB.D.B.D.whe n do you leave whe n you will leavewhere Tom lived where Tom livesB. where is the cin emaD. where was the way to the cin emaD. howD. how)6.1 wo nder.A. how

11、much cost these shoesC. how much these shoes cost )7. She asked me.A. who he was B. who was he )8. Ask him.A. whose cup this isC. this is whose cup )9.1 don't know.A. what time the moviestartsB. how much do these shoes costD. how much are these shoes costC. who is he D. who he isB. whose cup is

12、this whose is this cupwhat time startsthe moviethe time to startthe movie what time)10thThm dOtor asked me how long.startsA. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill)11. The weather forecast does n't say.A. if it rains tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow)12. Do you know?

13、A. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen belo ng to )13. Could you tell me whereA. the tape was B. was the tape C. know?B. if does it rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrowB. whose pen this iswhom the pen bel ongto ?the tape is D. is the tape )14. They want toA. where is the hospitalB. how old are

14、 youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying)15. Tony wan ted to know.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking)16. No one knowsthe prof

15、essor will come to our school tomorrow to giveus a talk or not.A. whe n B. whether )17. July did n't know.A. where is Tim's father who the old man is )18. No one told usA. how should we doC. what to doC. where D. ifB. when was the first watch made what was wrong with her,so wentefi your help

16、.B. what we shoulddoD. what should we do )19. We don't know with the rubbish and it pollutes out la nd andsea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do)20. He asked me.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender

17、of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money)21. Did you hear?A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said whatD. what Isay)22. Can you tell me?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class)23.-? Excuse me. Could you tell m

18、e? - Certainly.toA. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I getyou goD. how I can get to the station)24. Could you tell me where A. did yesterday?B. you go )25. Tom asked me. C. you have gone D. youA. whose shirt was this C. who shirt was wBe.nwt hose shirt

19、 this wasthis )26.99Excuse me, could you tell me A. where D. who shirt this was ?s the teachersD. where the post office isdon't know. A.office C. whafs she doingB. where9s the bus station )27.1 want to see Mrs. Wang , but I she lives whereC. where she livesD. where does she live)28. - Go and ask

20、 Mr. White for help. - But I don't know _. A. where does he live B. where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there)29. - Can you tell me? - Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he lives B. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said)30. Have you decided for London?A. when will you

21、 leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you going D. when you are going )31. Excuse me. Could you tell me our tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show)32. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in. A. how egg is fri

22、edB. how is egg friedC. How egg fries )33. Do you know? D. how doesA. what it is B. whatis it )34. Do you know? A. whose book egg fryisthis C. this book is whoseC. who is he D. whose nameis itB. whose book this isD. who's book this is)35.1 don't know now.A. where is my catC. where my cat is

23、)36. Does he know?A. whafs your nameC. what your is name )37. Do you know?A. which floor he lives C. he lives on which floor )38. Tell me where?A. is the hospitalB. the)39. He hasn't decidedh.ospital is A. if he'll go on a trip to Wu xi C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi )40. Can you see?A. wh

24、at he's reading C. what does he readB. my cat is whereD. where my catB. what name is yourD. what your name isB. which floor he lives onD. which floor does he lives onC. is hospital D. hospital isB. when will he go on a trip to Wu xiD. when does he go on atrip to Wu xiB. what is he readingD. he r

25、eadswhat宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1. 参考答案 D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2. 参考答案 D 宾语从句用陈述语序， where 作从句的宾语。3. 参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序， where表示地点。4. 参考答案 A if 表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5. 参考答案B有or not所以用whether.6. 参考答案 C 宾语从句用陈述语序 .7. 参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序，who作从句的宾语。8. 参考答案A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。9. 参考答案 A 宾语从句用陈述语序。10. 参考答案 D 主句是过去时，从句

26、也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我 已经病 了，所以用过去完成时态。11. 参考答案 C if 连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12. 参考答案B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。13. 参考答案 C 宾语从句用陈述语序。14. 参考答案 C 宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15. 参考答案 C 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，因为圣诞老人 是之前 就把礼物放进袜子里了，所以用过去完成时态16. 参考答案 B 有 or not 就用 whether.17. 参考答案 D 宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态。18. 参考答案 B 没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选 B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语从句，而 us是宾格 不能作从句 的主语，所以 C 选项缺少宾语从句的主语，应选 B.19. 参考答案D我们不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。What做to do的宾语。20. 参考答案 D 宾语从句用陈述语序，他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人，主句用 过去时 态，从句用过去相应的时态。21. 参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序， what作从句的宾语。22. 参考答案 A 宾语从句用陈述语序，哪一个班，所以用 which class.23. 参考答案 D