Unit12WordsandExpressions

1、Unit 12 Words and ExpressionsWarm-upObjectivesRead a letter; magazine pages and what people say on radio show.Talk about different cultures and manners and do role plays.Listen to different accents, and interview and some dialogues.Write an informal letter. Learn about verbs followed by ing form or

2、infinitives and Present Participles.I. Listening: Listen to three people taking. Which country are they from?Tape script1. Our typical way of life? Well, were a beach culture, you know. We spend a lot of time at the beach, surfing, swimming, eating, partying-we even have our Christmas dinner on the

3、beach, you know! Its the weather, you see, always lots of sunshine. And as for free we are just crazy about sport-cricket, rugby, tennis. I guess most of us spend our holidays on the coast in our country-its very expensive to go abroad, you know. Everywheres just so far away!2. Well, its a big count

4、ry, so its kind of hard to say whats typical. Like the weather-weve got all kinds of different climates. Our way of life, well, I guess its fast, so the food is fast, too, lots of hamburgers and hot dogs. What else? Er, I guess we watch a lot of TV in our free time-there are hundreds of channels on

5、24 hours a day. Er, we go to the movies a lot, too. And sport is very big. Our basketball and football stars earn millions of dollars. Most of us go on holiday in our own country, its so big and there are so many wonderful places to visit. You should come and visit us! 3. Its difficult to say what i

6、s typical, as weve become such a multicultural society. Our weather hasnt changed though and people still spend a lot of time talking about it! In terms of food, our traditional roast beef or fish and chips are not as popular as they used to be. People eat a lot more “international” food these days:

7、 Italian food, Indian food, that kind of thing. Free time? If you go to a park any weekend, youll see lots of people jogging, walking or fishing. There are a lot of fitness fanatics! We like watching sport too, especially football, though our national teams always seem to lose! A lot of us go abroad

8、 for our holidays every year. Greece and Italy are the most popular destination, probably because the weathers so nice. There we are. Ive mentioned the weather again!II. Talking: Which things are very different from where you live? Which things would you like to dislike?Lesson 1 Visiting BritainTeac

9、hing aims:To practise using verbs+ing form or infinitivesTo practise reading a text and identifying paragraph topicsTeaching difficulties:To practise using verbs+ing form or infinitivesTeaching Aids: computer and cassetteTeaching procedures: I. Warming up T: What do you know about Britain and the Br

10、itish people ? Can you introduce Britain national flay? Can you name national Britain song” ( God Save the Queen )II. Reading: After reading the text ask the question “Will the text mainly introduce these knowledge?” again. ( No! The text introduce to us how different culture it is between us. ) Ans

11、wer the following questions: 1. In Britain how do you leave a tip?2. If you dont get used to western food in Britain what should you do?3. What does the text mainly introduce?4. What do the British eat for breakfast?5. How much money do you should take for visiting Britain?6. Do you often laugh afte

12、r listening to a joke in Britain?Answers: 1.First check your bill to see if a tip is included or not. If it isnt, leave 10% of the bill-even a bit more if the service is good.2. Every town in Britain has at least one Chinese restaurant.3. humor, tip, food, money, accommodation4. Bacon and eggs with

13、a few slices of toast5. Travellers cheques6. You dont think anything funny.III. Language points1. at least 至少That building must be at least 200 years old. 那座建筑至少有二百年的历史.Birds use at least half of the air they take in to cool their bodies.鸟儿至少要使用它们吸入空气的一半来使自己降温.2. get used to + n /v-ing 习惯于Ive got us

14、ed to the hot food here. 我已习惯了这里辣的食物。We have got used to going to bed late. 我们已经习惯了晚睡。3. avoid doing something 避免做某事They all tried to avoid mentioning that mane. 他们都尽量避免提到那个名字。I looked down to avoid meeting his eyes. 我向下看以避免看到他的眼睛。4. suggest +n/ v-ing 建议 I suggest going to Hawaii for our Christmas h

15、oliday. 我建议去夏威夷过圣诞节。suggest 从句中的谓语动词+动词原形 I suggest he (should) solve the problem as soon as possible. 我建议他尽快把这个问题解决了。5. consider doing something 考虑做某事He wouldnt consider making these changes. 他根本不想考虑做出这些改变。He considered talking to Jack in person. 他考虑与杰克私下谈谈。6. risk doing something 冒险做某事In the stron

16、g winds, we couldnt risk putting the sails up, so we had no means of controlling the boat.在强风中,我们不敢冒险去升风帆,因此我们无法控制我们的船。They risked losing everything. 他们冒着失去一切的危险。7. Words: ( Lesson 1 )1. tip n. 尖端 pointed end of something We write with the tip of a pencil. 我们用铅笔的尖端写字。 The tips of my fingers are cold

17、. 我的手指尖是凉的。 n. 装在末端的东西 small piece at the end of something His name was on the tip of my tongue. 他的名字就挂在我的嘴边。 n. 小费 a small amount of money you give to a waiter, porter, etc. In the restaurant, they leave a tip to the waiter on the table. 在饭馆里，他们把小费放在桌上给服务员。 How much should we leave as a tip at the

18、restaurant? 我们在饭馆里给小费时在桌上留下多少钱呢？ n. 指点；提示 little piece of advice He gave me some tips about gardening. 他在园艺方面给了我一些指点。 v. 给小费；给赏钱 give extra money to someone after he has done a job Shall I tip the porter? 我要给搬行李的人小费吗？ In America, they usually tip taxi drivers. 在美国，人们一般要给出租汽车司机小费。 2. owe v. 负债 to hav

19、e to pay money to somebody, because you have borrowed it I owe him 5 yuan which he lent me last week. 我欠他五元钱，那是他上星期借给我的。 They asked him to pay what he owed them. 他们要他偿还欠他们的债务。 How much do I owe you? 我欠你多少钱？ The debt we owed them could never be paid. 他们对我们的恩惠我们永远也报答不了。 v. 感激；把归于 feel that someone has

20、 done a lot for you He owes his success to hard work and patience. 他把他的成就全归功于勤奋和忍耐。 We owe all our achievements to the correct leadership of the Party. 我们的一切成就都应归功于党的正确领导。 He owes it to his doctors care that he is quite well again. 多亏医生的照料，他的病才好了。 She has owed it to herself for a long while to do so

21、me serious reading. 她早就应该认真看点书了。 I owe you many thanks. 我该好好谢谢你。 3. absorb vt. 吸收（水、热、光等） to take or suck in, eg. water, heat, light, etc. A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。 The heat is absorbed by the water. 热量被水吸收了。 vt. 吸引注意力 to take up all the attention of His task absorbs him. 他的工作占了他全副精神。 vt. 吸收（学问，

22、知识） take (learning; knowledge) into the mind He absorbed the point of view of his teacher. 他接受了老师的观点。 The students can absorb the lesson in an hour. 学生们一小时能接受一课书。 be absorbed in ?4. brief adj. 短暂的 short; lasting only a short time He made a brief stay in Beijing. 他在北京小住。 We had a brief holiday. 我们过了一

23、个短暂的假期 adj. 简短的 using few words; speaking shortly His words are brief. 他的话很简洁。 brief case 公事包 a brief note 便条 in brief 简言之 in a few words In brief, the matter stands thus. 简单地说，事情是这样的。 5. exchange vt. 交换，调换 give one thing and get another thing for it Will you exchange seats with me? 你愿同我调换座位吗？ He ex

24、changed the plough for the sword. 他以犁换剑（化干戈为玉帛）。 n. 交换；互换；交换物 the act of exchanging; giving and taking; that which is exchanged Lets have an exchange of views on the matter. 让我们对这件事交换一下意见吧。 in exchange for 作为交换 in the place of something that you have given to someone Ill give you three sweets in exc

25、hange for an apple. 我拿三块糖换你一个苹果。 n. 外汇兑换；兑换率 the giving and receiving of the money of one country for that of another; relation in value between kinds of money used in different countries What is the exchange (i.e. for money) today? 今日汇率如何？ n. 电话总机；交换台；电话局 a central telephone office n. 交换所；交易所 a pla

26、ce where men trade a stock exchange 证券交易所 a telephone exchange 电话局 6. wander vi. 漫游；闲逛 to go from place to place with no special purpose The boys wandered around the town with nothing to do. 那些男孩无所事事，在镇上到处闲逛。 For three months they wandered in Europe. 他们在欧洲这儿那儿地逛了三个月。 After lunch I wandered alone abo

27、ut the town. 吃过午饭之后，我一个人在城里转了转。 vi. 迷失方向 leave the right way or direction He wandered from the right path. 他陷入歧途。 We wandered for miles and miles in the mist. 我们在雾中乱走了好些英里。 vi. 流浪 journey through (a place) without a settled course In those years, poverty stricken, hungry refugees wandered about the

28、countryside. 那些年头，穷困饥饿的灾民在农村到处流浪。 Before liberation, I was always wandering with my family from place to place, making a precious living. 解放前，我经常和家里人一起到处流浪，过着朝不保夕的生活。 wander from the subject 离题 Be careful not to wander from the subject. 注意不要离开正题。 The speaker had a tendency to wander from the track.

29、演讲人老爱扯开去。 wander too far from ones subject 离题太远wander from the course(road, right path) 迷失道路7. laughter n.C 笑 the act of laughing The children were shouting with laughter. 孩子们高声大笑。 John and Nina roared with laughter. 约翰和尼娜放声大笑。 The laughter from the next room is very distracting. 隔壁房间的笑声很吵人。 I heard

30、 sounds of laughter in the next room. 我听见隔壁房间里有笑声。 Then she tickled me into a burst of laughter. 然后，她用手指轻轻地触我，痒得我发出一阵大笑。 Their laughter made him angry. 他们的笑声使他恼火。 8. majority n. 多数，大多数 most things or people in a group The majority of Chinese people have television. 中国大多数人都有电视。 The majority is for (

31、against ) him. 多数赞成（反对）他。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 这次的损害大部分容易补救。 n. 多数票 the greater or greatest number of votes The resolution was passed by a large majority. 这个决议以多数票通过。 n. 成年 full age He has reached his majority. 他已达到了法定年龄。 by a small (narrow) majority 以微弱多数 minority n. 少数，少数派

32、（票），少数民族 small part of a group They are in the minority. 他们是少数派。 The Chinese nation includes more than 50 national minorities besides the Hans. 中华民族除汉族外，还有五十多种少数民族。 an active minority 积极的少数派 during ones minority 未成年期间 be in the minority 属于少数派 oppress the minority 压迫少数派 Lesson 2 Mind Your Manners I.

33、Teaching aimsi. Knowledge aima) To help the students learn about western manners.b) To practice using polite expressions.c) To help the students learn about the different styles of communication in different cultures.ii. Ability aimsa) To improve the students speaking and listening skills. b) To ena

34、ble the students to use polite expressions correctly.iii. Moral aimsa) To help the students understand and respect the cultural shock.b) To arouse the students great interest in English study.c) To make the students become persons with good manners.II. Important and difficult pointsi. How to help th

35、e students learn about western manners.ii. How to help the students use polite expressions correctly.iii. How to help the students understand the cultural shock. III. Teaching aid and methodsTeaching aid: A multimedia computerTeaching methodsi. Listening and speaking Purpose: To improve their listen

36、ing and speaking skillsii. Task-based method Purpose: To finish teaching assignmentiii. Active cooperationPurpose: To get the students to learn from each otherIV. Teaching proceduresI. Lead- in: Free talk: Do you think you are a person with good manners? Why?Purpose: To make a clever linkage to the

37、main topic of Mind Your Manners.II. Brief introduction of western manners: Meeting and greeting people: 1. Greeting people; 2. What you should do; 3. What you shouldnt say.Table manners: Decide which of the following behaviors are polite or impolite at a western dinner party. ( ) 1.Use the fork with

38、 your right hand. ( ) 2. Put your napkin(餐巾) on your lap. ( ) 3. Start eating as soon as your food is served in front of you. ( ) 4. Ask for a second bowl of soup. ( ) 5. Use your fingers when eating chicken. ( ) 6. Finish eating everything on your plate . ( ) 7. Talk loudly while eating. ( ) 8. Mak

39、e other people drink more spirits(烈酒) than they can take. Discussion: What will you do if you want to make a good impression on the others?Purpose: To help the students learn about western manners briefly.III. Key Points: Words: (Lesson 2 )9. manner n.U 方式，方法 way something happens; way you do someth

40、ing He may do it in this manner. 他可以照这个样子做。 He was walking in a strange manner because he was drunk. 他走路的样子很怪，因为他喝醉了。 n.U 态度，举止 way that you talk to someone He has a very easy manner. 他举止从容不迫。 He was speaking in a very strange manner. 他用一种非常奇怪的态度讲话。 n.Pl 礼貌，规矩 general way you behave when other peopl

41、e are there Its bad manners to talk a full mouth. 嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的。 He has no manners at all. 他一点礼貌都没有。 Good manners are everywhere admired. 有礼貌到处都会得到赞赏。 n.C 习惯，风俗，生活方式 habit, customs, ways of life She has written a book on the manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians. 她写了一本论述古埃及的风俗习惯的书。 It is inte

42、resting to learn the manners and customs of other countries. 学习其他国家的风俗习惯是很有趣的。 in a formal manner 以正式的态度10. request vt. 请求；要求；需要 ask for something He requested his friend to go with him. 他请求他的朋友和他一起去。 I request that you should come early. 我要求你早些来。 You are requested not to smoke in the theatre. 剧院里不准

43、吸烟。 n. 请求 polite demand His request was refused. 他的要求被拒绝了。 I am sorry I cannot consent to your request. 对不起，我不能答应你的要求。 He came by request. 他应邀而来。 by request 依着请求 in answer to a request That famous singer sang again by request. 那个著名的歌手依大家要求又唱了一次。 at our request 应我们的邀请much in request 非常受欢迎 being asked

44、 for by many people He is very much in request as a teacher of English. 作为一个英语教员，他很受欢迎。 n. 需要 demand The library will lend you this book on request. 只要你提出要求，图书馆就借给你这本书。 These goods are in great request. 这些货物极为需要。 IV. Homework. Lesson 3 Living AbroadTeaching aims: To practise identifying facts and op

45、inions and making inference in the reading textsTo practise Present ParticipleTeaching difficulties:To practise Present ParticipleTeaching Aids: computer and cassetteTeaching procedures: I. Warming upEast, west, home is best. 金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。You cant judge a book by its cover. 人不可貌像。 He kill the goose t

46、hat lays the golden eggs. 杀鸡取卵。He is a silly goose. 他是个笨猪。He is as poor as a church mouse. 他穷得叮当响。He is chasing after the wild goose. 他在做无用功/他在做徒劳的搜索。II. ReadingHumour and cultural difference-The Indians are very impolite.-Why do you say that?-Last time when I was invited to an Indian friends home f

47、or dinner, the host kept putting food on my plate while I shook my head all the time.-Haha, there is some misunderstanding between you.Note: People from Indian, Nepal, and Sri Lanka nod their head to say “NO” and shake their head to say “YES”.It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it

48、, just leave the food in the plate. People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When you have had enough, just say so, or you will always overeat!In Western countries, dont take any food until the host take up her knife and fork. She will

49、not act like the Chinese host and invite you to start first. When she begins, that means you can also start. Helping Yourself and refusing if a servant passes food around. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say:

50、"No, thank you.”It is impolite for a guest to leave the table during a meal, or before the hostess gives the signal at the end. When the hostess indicates that the dinner is over, she will start to rise from her seat and all the guests will rise from theirs at the same time.What about American

51、or Britain?III. Voice your opinionWhat do you think is the most interesting to you when you visit a city for the first time, its people, its food or its architecture?IV. Language points1. have a time (in) doing somethingIn his second year in the university, he had a difficult time in catching up wit

52、h his classmates他大学二年级时, 有一段时间学习有些吃力.2. sound like 听起来像It sounds like a good idea. 听起来像是一个好主意.3. Insist on doing sth.He insisted on seeing me home. 他坚持送我回家.Teachers encourage students to translate Chinese into English. 他坚持让她呆在伦敦.4. Words ( Lesson 3 )11. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的，惯用的 usual, that you ofte

53、n see, hear, etc. I am familiar with this idea. 我晓得这个意见。 The singer is familiar to every one of us. 这位歌唱家是我们大家熟悉的。 adj. 亲密的，亲近的 in close friendship, intimate He is my familiar friend. 他是我亲密的朋友。 adj. 随便的 more friendly than is welcome; bold This word can only be used in familiar conversation. 这个词只能用于比

54、较随便的谈话之中。 a familiar saying 通俗格言 a familiar essay 小品文 be familiar with 熟悉，通晓 know something well Hes familiar with the subject. 他很熟悉这个科目。 She is familiar with such things. 她对这类事情很熟悉。 12. stare v. 盯；凝视 look at someone or something for a long time She was staring out of the window. 她凝视着窗外。 v. 瞪大眼睛瞧 lo

55、ok at someone or something with wide open eyes In the West. people think its rude to stare at a person. 在西方，人们认为盯着看人是不礼貌的。 She stared him up and down. 她上下打量他。 stare at 凝视 look at steadily with a bold or a vacant expression We stared at one another. 我们面面相视。 She stared at me with surprise. 她惊讶地瞪眼看着我。

56、He stared at the book and couldn't understand what he was reading. 他睁大眼睛看书，却弄不懂读的是什么。 We stared silently at the lump. 我们默默地盯着那个肿块。 n. 盯；凝视 a long, steady look Famous people get used to the stares of the crowds. 出了名的人习惯于人群的盯视。 stare down 盯得（某人）不敢再对视下去；以目光压倒；使动摇；使屈服 meet the gaze of (sb.), causing him to look away by continued staring; overcome by staring, outstare; cause to waver or submit as if by staring The vil