定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)

1、定语从句讲解与练习一.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2. 关联词:1引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。2关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。关系副词:when, where, why作时间状语。三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1. that 和whichthat指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,

2、作宾语可省略,主语不能。His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that I put on the desk is black.注意:The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThis is the most int

3、eresting story (that I have ever heard.2先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。It is the only word (that I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that I bought just now?This is the (same bicy

4、cle (that I lost.4先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few 等不定代词时,定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用that Here is all the money (that I

5、have.6先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that I see in the room.7定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导Is it the one(thatyou want?8为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不

6、能省略。Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous. =The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is very famous.五.关系副词的用法:1.when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

7、 when=on which2.where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。This is the house where I lived two years ago.3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.We d ont know the reason why he was late for school.单项选择1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my English

8、teacher.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary.A. thatB. whoseC. whichD. as4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday?A. the oneB. whichC. whoD. whom5. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A. whichB. thatC. /D. it6. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. all7. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday.A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. this8. The man _ was here just now is a doctor.A. whomB. whoC. /D. he9. The boy _ has two lovely dogs.A. who live n