名词性从句讲解kevin

1、而把主语从句名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法工程，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that与what的区别3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查 whether与if的区别5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matte叶疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语

2、从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。名词性从句成分的划分是根据句子在句中的位置划分的。任何一个句子一旦位于某个成分的位置上，它就成了相应的从句。试分析以下从句属于什么类型的名词性从句。1 Whether he will come or not is unknown.=It is unknown whether he will come or not.2 I don t know whether he will come or not .3 The questi on is whether he will come or not

3、.4 The questi on whether he will come or not is not settled.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if不充当从句的任何成分连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语连接副词：whe n, where, how, why在从句中充当状语1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由附属连词that，whether， if和连接代词 what，who， which，whatever， whoeve

4、r 以及连接畐 U 词 how， when , where， why 等词引导。that 在句中无 词义， 只起连接作用，放在句首不能省略但当主语从句位于句尾时可以省略；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保存自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。主语从句中主句谓语用单数。例如：1That anyone becomes successful without the assista nee of others is rare.=It is rare that anyone becomes successful without the assista nee of others2 Wheth

5、er it rains or shines makes no differenee to proactive people.不能用 if3 It depe nds upon hard work more tha n luck whether if you can succeed in making your dream come true.4 Whoever wants to reach a dista nt goal must take many small steps .5 Whoever n eglect lear ning in his youth loses the past and

6、 is dead for the future.年轻时无视学业的人失去了过去，更葬送了未来。6 Whatever you love and trust in this world loves you in return.7 How a person masters his fate is more important than what his fate is .一个人如何掌握命运比他的命运本身更重要。8 Love is like wi ne ,frie ndship a flower ,and blood relati on ship water. Whether we can own lo

7、ve andfrien dship is all predest in ed.爱情是酒，友谊是花，亲情似水。酒醉酒醒，花开花落，皆因一个缘字有时为防止句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。如例1,2常用句型如下：(1) It + be + 名词 + that 从句(2) It + be + 形容词 + that 从句(3) It + be +动词的过去分词 + that从句(4) It +不及物动词+ that从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语 气“ (should) +d

8、o，常用的句型有:It is n ecessary (importa nt, n atural, stra n ge, etc.) thatIt is a pity (a shame, no won der, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that 主语从句练习一、单项填空I. makes this shop differe nt is that it offers more pers onal services.A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever2 fash

9、i on differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differe n ces from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which3 we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where4 It is pretty well un derstood con trols the flow of carb on dioxide in and out the atmosph

10、eretoday.A. that B. whe n C. what D. how5 It worried her a bither hair was tur ning gray.A. while B. that C. if D. for6 It is none of your bus in ess other people think about you. Believe yourself.A. how B. what C. which D. whe n7. It has bee n provedeati ng vegetables in childhood helps to protect

11、you aga inst seriousill n ess in later life.A. if B. because C. whe n D. that8. wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who9. is known to us all is that the 2021 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. It B. What C. As D. Which10. was most importa nt

12、to her, she told me, was her family.A. It B. This C. What D. AsII. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C. That D. How12. It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.A. which B. what C. that D. if13. It is uncertain sid

13、e effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousandpatie nts have take n it.A. that B. what C. how D. whether14. It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that、选择所给的词填空例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an in teres

14、t ing questi on.1 (what, that) you dont like him is none of my bus in ess.2 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circli ng the earth, (what, that) our astr on auts desire to do iswalk in space.3. (whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever) leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.4. The Foreig n Mini

15、 ster said,“ (This is, There is, It is) our hope that the two sides towardspeace.5. (whether, if) he will join us wont make too much differe nee.6. (whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever) of you comes in will receive a prize.7. (it, that) makes no differe nee whether he will atte nd the meet ing or

16、 not.8. (how, why) this happe ned is not clear to anyone.9. (wherever, whe never) you are is my home - my only home.10. It is certa in(that/ whether) she will do well in her exam.1. 1- 5ABBCB 6-10BDCBC 11- 14BCBD11. 1. That 2. what 3. Whoever 4. It is 5. Whether 6. Whichever 7. It8. How 9. Wherever

17、10. that2. 宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1) .由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：Most people say that their main fault is a lack of self-discipli ne.We must n ever thi nk (that) we are good in everyth in

18、g while others are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。注意： 在 dema nd、order、suggest decide、in sist, desire, dema nd, request, comma nd 等表示要求、命 令、 建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用a( should )+动词原形。例如：I in sist that she (should) do her work alo ne.我坚持要她自己工作。The comma n der ordered that troops (should) set off at o

19、n ce.司令员命令部队马上出发。2) .用 who , whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关 联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如： You can choose to be excelle nt in whatever you do .Whe n ever I am struck dow n, I will always inquire of myself how I can turn that adversity into good .

20、 每当我被击败时，我总是问我自己如何可以变逆境为顺境。I wa nt to kn ow what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。When you are in trouble, you will find out who your real friends are .She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。3) .用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序Attitude determ ines whether (if) people

21、 are successful and able to enjoy life.此外，whether与if在作 是否的意思讲时在以下情况下一般只能用whether，不用if:a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c .引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ or not 时；e.后接 动词不定式时。月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Everyth ing depe nds on whether we have eno ugh mon ey.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。4) .注意宾语从句中的时态照应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用例如：I know he studies

22、 En glish every day.(从句用一般现在时)I know he studied En glish last term.(从句用一般过去时 )I know (that) he will study En glish next year.(从句用一般将来时)I know he has studied En glish si nee 1998.(从句用现在完成时)当主句动词是过去时态“could, would 除外)，从句那么要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，那么从句仍用现在时八态。例如： The teacher

23、told us that Tom had left us for America .5.) th ink, believe, imag ine, suppose等等动词引起的否认性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否认式。即将从句中的否认形式移到主句中。例如： We don t thi nk you are here. 我们认为你不在这。I don t believe hell do so.我相信他不会这样做。1、We cannot figure out quite a nu mber of in sects, birds, and ani mals are dying out. A. th

24、at B.as C. why D. whe n2、I think Father would like to know I ve been up to so far, so I decide toce n dteim a qA. which B. whyC. whatD. how3、A moder n city has bee n set up in was a wastela nd ten years ago.A. what B. whichC. that D. where4、 The road is covered with sno w. I canand t undefeey in sis

25、t on going by motorbike.A. why B. Whether C. whe n D. how5、Do you know your parents are pleased you ve done?A. why; for whatB. how; with whatC. that; with whichD. how; for what6、We don t know.A. this is whose dict ionaryB. whose dicti onary is thisC. whose dicti onary this isD. whose is this dict io

26、nary7、Can you tell me get to the railway stati on?A. how can IB. what I canC. how I canD. where I can8、He was n ever satisfied with or proud ofhe had achieved.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. all which9、It is gen erally con sidered un wise to give a child he or she wan ts.A. however B. whatever C. whichever

27、D. whereverlikes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D. 不填10、 He wan ted to make sure6. The reason isI missed the bus.A. how we went there by bus B. where did we goC. what did we go there D. whe n we went there11、 He was lucky eno ugh to sell his car for exactly .A. where he had paid for i

28、tB. what he had paid for itC. what he was paid for itD. which he had paid for it12、He asked me with me.A . what the matter isB. what the matter wasC. what s the matter D . what was the matter13、The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is .A. what B.

29、 which C. how D. where14、I won dered .A. what does he think of the resultB. what he thi nks of the problemC. how he dealt with the problemD. how did he like the result15、With his camera , he kept taking pictures _ he did and saw .A. where B. that C. of whichD. of whatA. that B. when C. why D. what7.

30、 That is we were late last time.A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasn tscome .A. because his mother is ill B. because of

31、 his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill5. W hatI wa nt to kn ow isg etting on with your studies.1、C。2、C. 3、A。4、A。5、B 6、C 7、C 8、A 9、B 10、D 11、B 12、D 13、A 14、C 15、D 3.表语从 句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样， 表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用 as if 引导。其根本结构为：主语+系动词 +从句。例如：The only

32、certainty is that nothing is certain.The miracle is that the more we share ,the more we have .We are what we believe we are . 我们就是我们自己相信的那种人 Need and struggle are what excite and in spire us . 需求和奋斗令我们幸福，并使我们受到鼓励。 Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. that is why it s called

33、It looks as if it is going to rain.he11. He was born here.-That is he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12. That is Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why that/what 的区别1. your father wants to know is _A. What; how are you B. That ; how you are需要注意的，当主语是 reason 时，表语从句要用

34、that 引导而不是 because 例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morningC. How ; that you are D. What ; how you are2. The trouble is we are short of tools.表语从句India by ColumbusA. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was was first calledthe prese nt A. whatB. whe

35、re C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longerA. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be1. The question is we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2. The reason why he

36、failed is he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4. The problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. he really means is he disa

37、grees with us.A. What that B. That - whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy ismakes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such高考练习1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999 )A. why B .what C. when D. where2had neither a rainc

38、oat nor an umbrella I got wet through. 1998 上海A. It s the reason B. That s why C. There s why D. It s how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. 06 全国A. when B. which C. where D. what4. Are you still thi nking about yesterday s gAAW ?003-Oh, that s .A. what makes me

39、feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it. 2004 湖北A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which答案 DBACCACDDCCBthaVwhat 的区别 DBAAAC高考练习 ABDAA4. 同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由 that

40、引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice dema nd 、doubt fact hope idea in formati on 、 messaga n ews order problem promise question 、 request suggestion 、 truth wish word 等。例女口：I have no idea what is despair.I have a dream that one day the rough place will be made plain.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that 作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作

41、宾语时可以省略；that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比拟下面两个例句：I had no idea that you were here . that 引导同位语从句，不能省略Have you got the idea that this book gives you of life in ancient Greece ?that 弓丨导定语从句，作宾 语，可以省略2021 高考真题题组练习 名词性从句1. 课标全国 1, 24 It s by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what2. 天津， 9 It doesn t matter you turight or left at the crossing both roads lead to thepark.A. whethe