古诗文作者简介（A brief introduction to ancient poetry writers）

1、古诗文作者简介（A brief introduction to ancient poetry writers）A brief introduction to ancient poetry writers"The army of the candles and the division of the Qin Dynasty"From the "Zuo Xi thirty years". "Zuo Zhuan" is China's first detailed chronicle of narrative works, it i

2、s for the late spring and autumn Lu historian Zuoqiu Ming. According to Confucius revised Lushi "spring and Autumn" was the main event, recorded some early Zhou 240 years all the political, economic, military, diplomatic and cultural aspects, is the study of the history of pre Qin China

3、9;s valuable literature, and excellent prose works."Zou Jifeng King remonstrance"From "Warring States policy.". "Warring States" is Xizhou and Qin, Qi, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Wei, Yan Song, Zhongshan, states the history of the Warring States period, mainly recorded milita

4、ry strategists of the struggle and the perpendicular and horizontal (bai4he2) Related words or seeking instrument."I to country"Excerpt from "Meng Zi Liang Yu Wang". Meng Zi is a book recording the words and deeds of Meng Ke, a thinker of the Warring States period, compiled by Me

5、ng Ke and his disciples. There are seven articles in Meng Zi, which are related to political activities, political theories, philosophy, ethics and education. It is one of the classics of confucianism."Encouraging learning"An excerpt from Xunzi "encouraging learning". "Xunzi

6、" is the late Warring States thinker Xun Kuang (about the former 313- 238), a small part of the hands of his disciples, there are 32 articles."Hongmenyan"An excerpt from "records of the historian Xiang Yu Ji". Xiang Yu, name, the word Yu, at the end of Qin (now Jiangsu Suqia

7、n) people. The war against Qin, and Liu Bang struggleworld, five year war, and ultimately defeated Dutch act."Historical records" author Sima Qian, Zi, Feng Yang people left Yixia. Born in about five years in the Han Emperor, the emperor died in syndrome and three years. Sima Qian's fa

8、ther Sima on the central government to do in the Han court, responsible for the management of books and the royal collection of historical materials and Research on the astronomical calendar. Sima intended to write a history, did not come true died. Dying, he asked Sima Qian to complete the unfinish

9、ed business.Sima Qian was very young when he was ten years old. He began to study the classical Chinese prose at that time. Later, he followed Dong Zhongshu and Kong An in the study of "the spring and Autumn Annals of the RAM" and "the history of ancient texts". Emperoryuan Shuo

10、three years, twenty year old Sima Qian, full of desire for knowledge, traveled all over the country's well-known mountains and rivers, monuments everywhere investigation, collection of legends. Through on-the-spot investigation of historical sites and historical facts before and after the foundi

11、ng of the Western Han Dynasty, Sima Qian broadened his mind, increased his knowledge, and made a good preparation for the compilation of historical records later.Sima died, Sima Qian inherited the paternal, do Taishiling, conditional to see a lot of literature and the national archives, the Sima Qia

12、n wrote "historical records" is an indispensable condition.In the early years of the reign of Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty, Sima Qian began to write "historical records". The days of two years, Li Ling shuaibing with Li Guangli's surrender to attack the Huns. Emperor Wu asked

13、Sima Qian about Li Ling's views. Sima Qian said, Li Ling to surrender, because of being outnumbered, and no reinforcements, the responsibility is not in the body of Li ling. The emperor thought Sima Qian intend to protect Li Ling excuse, Han Wudi love Ji criticized Mrs. Lee's brother Li Guan

14、gli. So, Sima Qian in prison, sentenced to be castrated.Three years after he was given out, more strenuously writing "historical records". For about two years, I have basically completed the editing work. Many years after Sima Qian's death, his grandson Yang Yuncai known the immortal m

15、asterpiece the more than 520000 words."Historical records" is a film through the ancient and modern history, starting from the legendary Yellow Emperor, until emperoryuan spent the first year, describes China's history about three thousand years. According to Sima Qian, the book has th

16、e discipline twelve, table ten, eight book, family of thirty articles, seventy articles and one hundred and thirty biographies.Historical records are quite extensive. At that time, the community spread of "world", "Mandarin", "national policy", "Qin Ji", "

17、;spring and Autumn", Chu and other works of all classes of authors and the State Archives of instruments, and collecting materials, Sima Qian is writing "the important material sources. Particularly valuable is that Sima Qian's collection of materials to do a serious analysis and choic

18、e,Eliminated some nonsense. Some can not figure out the problem, or the doubtful attitude, or recorded in a variety of different versions. Because the history is widespread, serious attitude, so that the "historical records" as informative, content rich.Teacher saidSelected from the anthol

19、ogy of Han Changli. Han Yu (768-824), the retreat of the word (Heyang County in Henan Mengzhou), native of Hebei Changli, known as "Han Changli". In twenty-five years, a former censor, Xingbu Shilang, Chaozhou (now Guangdong Chaozhou), the son of DR, governor Bingbu Shilang, Shilang offici

20、al department and other staff. He was an advocate of the "classical movement" in the Tang Dynasty, and Su Shi, the Song Dynasty, called him "the decline of the eight dynasties", and celebrities listed him as the head of the eight Tang and song dynasties. This article was written

21、by Han Yu to his student Li Pan, discusses the importance of teaching learning, critiques of the literati are ashamed from bad habits, to show the author only express their views, regardless of the secular spirit.The so-called eight of Tang and Song Dynasties, the Tang Dynasty refers to Han Yu, Liu

22、Zongyuan, Ou Yangxiu of the Song Dynasty, Zeng Gong, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su zhe. Their main achievements in prose, so called "prose eight", the article not only shocked and is a model for future generations of Tang and song literature, prose, bingbiao in literature of the forest. L

23、i Bai to make a mark in the world poetry.Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan advocated "the ancient prose movement", to reform the Six Dynasties Li Pian carving, specializing in flashy new style the disadvantages, for the call, in the literary world become a tide of grace. Oh, Zeng, Wang, Su Wen etc. in

24、Song Dynasty, the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty inherited the tradition, but also to expand the field of prose creation, so that "Tang and song" prose works, represents the highest achievements of the Tang and Song Dynasty prose."Trees" Guo TuotuoFrom "Liu Hedong co

25、llection". Liu Zongyuan (773-819), the word Zi thick, Hedong (now Shanxi, Yongji) people, the world known as Liu hedong". And the former Liuzhou (now Guangxi Liuzhou) provincial governor, also known as the "Liu Liuzhou". In twenty-one years, to participate in the political reform

26、 movement led by Wang Shuwen, a former Libu Yuanwai Lang. After the failure of reform, was demoted to Yongzhou (now Hunan Yongzhou) Sima, later demoted to governor of Liuzhou. Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu jointly initiated the "classical prose movement in Tang Dynasty", which produced the great

27、est achievements in fables, landscapes, travels and biographies. This allegorical biography is the work of Liu Zongyuan in his early years in Changan. The camel, the camel. Guo Tuotuo was named after a hunchback.Book of SongsIs the earliest anthology of China, a book written in Eleventh Century BC t

28、o sixth Century BC, approximately to the Western Zhou Dynasty, next to the spring and Autumn period, a total of about five hundred years. With the exception of a few is the Western Zhou Dynasty works, most of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty works. A total of 305 poems are collected by Zhou Dai. Originally

29、called "poem" or "three hundred poems", the Han Dynasty Confucian scholar was known as "Book of Songs". The existing Book of Songs is handed down by Han Dynasty Mao Heng, so it is also called "Mao poetry"".It is said that the poems in "Book of Songs&

30、quot; are all lyrics that can be sung at that time. According to the nature of the music, it can be divided into four categories: wind, elegance and song. "The wind", including Zhounan, Shao Bei Feng, Yong Wei, Wang Feng, Piao wind, wind, wind, Qi, Wei Feng, Chen Feng, Tang Qin Hui, Cao Fe

31、ng, Feng bin, known as the fifteen in the wind, referred to as "China style", most of the the Yellow River river basin is the folk song, is a small part of the noble processing a total of 160 works. "Ya" includes a total of 105 lesser and adaiah. "Ya" is basically a nob

32、le work, only part of the lesser from the private sector. "Ode" includes 40 chapters: Zhou Song, Lu Song and Shang song. Ode is the lyric of the court for sacrifice. Generally speaking, from the folk songs, lively and vivid, and the palace noble poetry, poetic flavor is not much inferior b

33、y comparison."Book of Songs" includes three parts of wind, Ya and song, "wind" is a local folk songs, folk music, is from all over the country to collect; "Ya" by ", and" flatter "lesser" political satire; "song" is the ancestral temple wor

34、ship with music song. Ya and song are noble.If the wind is filled with the green of the fields and the fragrance of the land, then "elegance" and "ode" will have more flavor of palace candles and smoke.In artistic form, the writing technique of Fu, Yu and Xing of Book of Songs ha

35、s been praised for later generations. Fu is the direct description and lyrical, than a simile, Xing is the first to other things as poetry at the beginning, then from below, such as "jujiu cage, in the river; a quiet and modest maiden, a gentleman's good mate". This kind of feeling &qu

36、ot;Bixing" Lenovo has greatly enriched the expression of poetry, to create beautiful image in a very short space, has great influence on the development and maturity of China poetry.Confucius said, "verse three hundred, in a word, think of innocence."." Indeed, "Book of Song

37、s" YISHION Park natural style reflects the ancient times of life. It is the kind of "joyous but not indecent, mournful but not distressing" beauty of neutralization, the later "placid" style has great influence."Tianmu Mountain ascended in a dream"From "the wh

38、ole Tang poetry", author Li Bai (701-762), the word Taibai, constellations qinglian. Children show talent, Yinshizuofu, extensive exhibition, and good for man. The magnificent style of bold, rich imagination, is a new peak of romantic poetry since the yuan. Longxi Ji Cheng (Gansu northwest of Q

39、inan), whose ancestors in the Sui Dynasty at the end of a war fled to Suiye (now Kyrgyzstan and Keith Republic tokmak, which was near) was born in this. His boyhood "concept of" immortal "tour masterpieces", "good" fencing, there are many talents and interests, the firs

40、t year of the Dragon tangzhongzong (705) and his family moved to Sichuan mianzhou, a former imperial worship. Because of the name "Li Hanlin". He's a known as "Heaven immortal people", also known as the "immortal" Lee later. However, Tang Xuanzong let Li Bai Daizhao

41、 Hanlin, literary retinue officials, Li Bai's ambition can not be achieved. Li Bai can't stand proud uninhibited personality, "powerful thing" bow and scrape life. Three years after Li Bai was slander, please also from the mountain, leaving Changan. He can only visit Xian mountain,

42、 swig perhaps, to dispel their anger. But he never gave up the ideal of making great things and becoming extraordinary people. After the outbreak of the rebellion, Li Bai was invited into the permanent Li Lin king of the shogunate, and to get a chance to make contributions. "But," Xie Shi

43、Dongshan, king and static Hu sand "heroic verse. The permanent army of King Tang suzong eliminated, Li Bai is also implicated in prison, later in the way of a pardoned exile yelang. Until the age of sixty-one, Li Bai also asked the army into the scene, hoping to have a "cut in", but b

44、ecause of illness on the way back, unable to do so, at the age of sixty-two when his uncle in Dangtu County (Anhui Ma'anshan) to the Li Yangbing family.There are more than 990 poems in Li Bai today. There are a lot of political lyrics, fully demonstrated his extraordinary ambition, passion, chiv

45、alrous spirit, and also represented the strenuous Yang Tang poetry ang typical tone. Li Bai has a strong sense of self, many times by the ROC since than, "Mirs day with the wind, roll straight nine miles" Bo "Lee Yong". But Li Bai in Changan three years of frustrated, his passion

46、ate political enthusiasm, by the reality of the collision, will be transformed into their grief song, from the heart: "spewing road such as the sky, I alone do not come, shame by Changan agency, red chicken dog white pear chestnut. Play the sword song played sound bitter, not feeling" depe

47、nd on bigwigs. Li Bai also with great eloquence drinking to divert their sorrow. "In the" to be the man, who will make it happen, there must be a useful, daughter over Fulai also, zainiu sheep and cooked for the music, one would have to drink three hundred cups "and this bold flush, n

48、o cover emotional momentum to adapt to Li Bai's hand in the art of poetry the law is a salient feature of the imagination: magic, change for no reason, the length of sentence structure and jumping, scattered, forming a magnificent and elegant style. "Tianmu Mountain ascended in a dream"

49、;:"Tianlao days of intense suffering to the cross, tops the five Chicheng mask. Tiantai forty-eight thousand feet, this would like to pour Southeast dumping. I therefore dream Wu Yue, night stagecoach Jinghu. And the moon lights my shadow,Send me to shanxi. With the hermitage of Xie still in Lu

50、shui rippling apes qing. Feet Xiegong clogs, body Denzin ladder. Sunny ocean, the air smell of chicken. Not many mountains, and stone flowers lure me. Bears, dragons Yin Yanquan, energy-saving. Green come to the rain clouds, water Dan Dan Xi smoke. Lieque Perak, Qiu Luan collapse, "the stone ga

51、te slammed in the open. An impenetrable shadow, the sun shining gold and silver taiwan. Rainbow garments, riding on the wind, the clouds have come under the monarch Xi, Xi Luan enter tiger harp. Immortal man, column like. "When the dream woke up early, illusion disappeared, leads to the life fe

52、eling:" the world is so fun, ancient waters flowing east "," bow and scrape an powerful thing, so that I may not be happy. ". The characteristics of Li Bai want to fall outside the day, greatly developed Chuang-tzu's fables, romantic spirit and expression of the fusion of Qu

53、Yuan first, also the Taoist immortal imago, with amazing artistic charm, won the praise of "generation" poet.The themes of Li Bai's poetry are varied. His seven poems ("Sichuan Road", "Tianmu Mountain ascended in a dream", "cursive", "Liang Fuyin"

54、;, etc.); poems ("archaic" 59); there is the Yuefu folk flavor of "Chang Gan Xing", "Midnight Song", seven quatrains ("looking at Mount Lu the waterfall", "Tianmenshan Mountain", "early" etc.) Baidicheng have become famous in Tang dynasty.

55、Li Bai enjoyed great fame in the Tang dynasty. His poems are "set ups, and every family has them.". The first person in Chinese poetry circles.Pipa rowSelected from "Bai Ji Changqing Ji". Author Bai Juyi (772-846); character Le Tian; late Qing Dynasty; Xiangshan lay Buddhist. In

56、the literature, the new Yuefu movement is actively advocated, emphasizing that the article is "from time to time", "Song Poetry" for the sake of things". The language of popular poetry, people can understand.Tang Xian Zong Yuan and ten years (815), "to level military go

57、vernors separatist forces. The military has deep fear and hatred, sent to Beijing. Bai Juyi was left Chancery doctor, this urgent request Memorial filled with righteous indignation, catch the murderer. Bigwigs Jian dare say deep dissatisfaction with his job, playing more excuses, and the misconduct,

58、 he will be demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. This poem was written the following year after he was demoted to Jiangzhou."Ascending the mountain" is selected from "the entire Tang poetry", the author Du Fu (712-770), the word Zi beautiful, the ancestral home Xiangyang (now belongs to Hu

59、bei). Cengzu Ren Gong county magistrate, and Henan people gongxian. He was born in a generation Shou Feng Ru officer's family, the family tradition is Liyan meritorious. Du Fu's life can be divided into four periods: reading, tour (35 years ago); Changan job (35-44 years old): Tianbao fourte

60、en years (755) October, 44 year old Du Fu was appointed West Wei, after the right rate of government official and Cao army; in the thief (44-48 years): 755 A.D. November rebellion, the fall of Changan in June of the following year, Du Fu was sentenced to exile, army captured, in April the following

61、year, fled to Fengxiang in Su was appointed, left soon due to sparse gleaning, rescue the real Guanxi being relegated to the military, and the following year (759) in July, Du Fu abandoned the officer to Qinzhou (Gansu, December to Chengdu and Tianshui). Drifting in the Southwest (48-59 died): 48 ye

62、ars old -50 years old in Chengdu cottage, after wandering, 53 year old back to the cottage, his friend Yan Wu recommended him for the calibration industry Yuanwai Lang (later known by Tu Fu) the following year, Yan Wu died suddenly, he spent nearly two years to Kuizhou, wrote many poems. 57 years ol

63、d by boat out of the gorge, want to return home. At the age of 59, he died on a ship from lake state to Yueyang.There are more than 1400 poems, 21 articles. The school's note this about 550 kinds of pads, existing more than 170 species. The oldest is nine, the Song Wangzhu Du Ji note etc. The Qing Dynasty Chou Zhaoao "Du Shaoling detailing" the most detailed set."Niannujiao. At Chibi&q