2019-2020年高考英语总复习：完形填空教案新人教版

1、2019-2020年高考英语总复习：完形填空教案新人教版一、完形填空题，有以下几个特点：1 .短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。2 .短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其他题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙， 有插叙或倒叙。有时还夹有描述和议论。3 .短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。4 .考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法。所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。5 .短文长度基本稳定，一般在 250300个单词左右。二、完形填空选项设置的几个特点1 .同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。2 .固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、

2、名词和介词、形容词和介词，典型句子结构 的搭配3 .常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。4 .根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型三、完形填空的解题步骤1、通读全文，领会大意（23分钟）2、逐句阅读，选出答案（6 7分钟）3.猜测难点、整体复查（23分钟）1 .跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意 。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文， 获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的 基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。2 .结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻

3、找解题的 提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定 搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。3 .瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往 下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随 着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。4复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短

4、文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。四、做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：1 完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。2第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。3 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同

5、于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。4每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其它三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。5动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。在不能确定答案的情况下，要凭语感和第一感觉。一经确定的答案不要轻易改动6. 结合生活常识和中西方文化及上下文选出最佳答案。总之，做完形填空题，了其大意，

6、先易后难，瞻前顾后，通过直接暗示、间接暗示，前、后暗示，层次、段落暗示，逻辑、推断暗示做题是非常关键的。当然，更重要的是扩大阅读面，增加阅读量，积累语言经验，培养语感能力。望大家反复认真阅读，对提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。例题分析1Last Sunday I saw the worst storm in years. At first, the sky grew 1 all of a sudden.Within minutes, forks of lightening forced a way in the sky. Then it was 2 by the boom-boom-boom

7、of 3 .A very strong wind blew into my room. My valuable notes 4 high intothe air. I jumped up to 5 them but unluckily a few sheets 6 out of the openwindow. As I ran out to get the notes, big drops of rain begin to 7 .As soon as I ran into the house, the 8 begin to pour in waves. I 9 to close the win

8、dows. I did it but was wet all over. Then I heard a sudden loud 10 from the back of the house. A tree was broken.1A. brightB. greyC. blueD. dark2A.followedB. causedC. madeD. brought3A.rainB thunderC. windD. storm4A.threwB. jumpedC. flewD. rose5A.takeB. catchC.drawD. stop6A.movedB. cameC. ranD. saile

9、d7A.fallB. rainC. dropD. burst8A.stormB. waterC. windD. rain9A.walkedB. foughtC. wentD. got10. A. explosionB. screamC. voiceD. sound解题步骤：第少 .通读全文，领会人后此篇文章主要讲述作者在上星期天经历了一场暴风雨的故事，日一一篇记叙文一第二步：逐句阅读，选出答案。1选D.首句没有设空，给我们提供了很多的信息，根据首句可以排除A.C.剩下B和d B的意思灰白色的。D是暗黑色的。根据 storm发生时的天气变化和生活常识2.选 A. 3.选 B.第2题和第3题要结合

10、在一起看，因为这是一个完整的句子。从上一句中知道闪电过后， 再根据boom这个象声词，可以先确定第 3题应t是thunder。Then it was 2 by the boom-boom-boom of thunder.此处的 it 指代的是 lightening 。BCD答案中闪电不可以是由thunder引起和制造的。所以应该是闪电后紧接着是thunder 。第4题选G通过上句中的 a very strong wind. Notes 稿件、资料是较轻的，所以是 飞起来 into the air 。第5题选B第6题选D因为notes是valuable.所以作者跳起来去 抓（catch ），但是

11、 unluckily 资料飘出了窗外。A. moved是在地面移动或搬迁 B. came C. ran notes者B不可发出这两个动作。D sailed 航行、漂浮第7题选A 根据big drops of rain开始落下来了（ fall ）第8题选D 根据 第7题 我一回到房间，雨 begin to pour in waves. Waves 形容雨 下得更大了第9题选B A. walked 走去C. went to close 我过去关 D. got to close 没有此 搭配。虽然A.C.结构都正确，但是由于前文雨下得很大如波浪般，风也很 strong 。所以此处 联系上下文，I d

12、id it but was wet all over。所以作者应该是 fight to close 。挣扎着去关，用此词比较形象。第10题选D B.C 的两种声音都是人发出的，根据 A tree was broken.也不可能是爆炸。第三步猜测难点、整体复查。此篇文章中较难选的题有6和9题，在第二步不能确定答案的情况下，可以在第三步完成。考点总结1.此篇文章基本属于同义、近义词辨析型。以名词和动词较多。2上下文中有很多信息词和提示，所以也属于根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型3.做题中要结合生活常识。例题分析2 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个

13、选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I 21 a note. Often written on a napkin （餐巾），it might be a thank-you for a 22 moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of 23 for the coming

14、 test or sporting event.In early grade school they 24 their notes. But as children grow older they becomes self-conscious（ 有自我意识的 ）,and 25 he reached high school, my older son, Marc, informed me he no longer 26 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 27 them but I still needed to wri

15、te them, I 28 until the day he graduated.Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move 29 for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college, 30 two internship （ 实习）in Washington, D.C., and 31 , becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento

16、, 32 short vacation visits, however, he had lived away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was 33 happy to have Marc back. Since I was 34 making lunch for his younger brother, I 35 one for Marc, too. Imagine my 36 when I got a call from my 24-yere-old son, 37 his lunch. “Did I

17、do something 38? Don' t you love me 39 ,Mom? were just a few ofthe questions he threw at me as I 40 asked him what was wrong.“My note, Mom," he answered. "Wherd s my note?"21. A. carriedB. found22. A. difficultB. special23. A. congratulationB.encouragement24. A. lovedB. answered25

18、. A.latelyB. by the way26. A.receivedB.understood27. A.copyB. read28. A. held upB. gave up29. A.outB. homeC. includedD. heldC. comfortable D. separateimprovementC. explanationD.C. wroteD. examinedC. by the timeD. graduallyC. enjoyedD. collectedC. takeD. sendC. followedD. continuedC.to collegeD.to Sa

19、cramento30. A. organizing8. planning C. comparing D. completing31. A. hopefullyB. finally C.particularly D.certainly32. A. Because ofB. Instead of C. Except forD. As for33. A. especiallyB. immediately C. equally D. generally34. A. onceB. again C. still D. even35. A. packedB. fetched C. bought D. fil

20、led36. A. fearB. surpriseC. angerD.disappointment37. A. waiting forB. worrying about C. caring for D. askingabout38. A. wrongB. funny C. strange D. smart39. A. any moreB. enough C. once more D. better40. A. interestinglyB. bitterlyC. politelyD.laughingly答案解析：41. 此题可用排除法，纸条是 I放在午饭中的，B、D显然不对，A项carry这个

21、词是携 带的意思，与题意也不合，include除包括以外，还有放入，算进去的意思，合题意。42. 此题要结合前面 a thank-you for ,既是感谢的时刻，应用 special特别的才对。43. 与上题一样，要结合空后面的意思选择，为要举行的考试或体育比赛写的话，该是鼓励的。2426.可由上下文的意思分析选出。44. 母亲写条，孩子读。45. 可由下文提到的我从最小的孩子走了以后，尤其希望大儿子回来推断出大儿子是想 回家住几个月。46. 这些是做完了的事，所以用 completing.47. 完成学业，经过实习以后，他终于成了技术助手，用 finally符合语境。48. except

22、for 除了，as for至于；孩子住得远，只是除去短短的假期回家拜访。49. 做以前一直在做的事，still 仍旧。36. surprise前文提到过大儿子在上大学的时候说过不需要母亲的纸条了，所以，对于现在大儿子对见不到纸条的失望，母亲感到的是惊奇。38、39.儿子见不到母亲的纸条，很失望，所以打电话问是不是自己做得不好了。40.可用排除法，laughingly 笑着，符合当时母亲对儿子的态度。例题分析3文章的题目 Surfing : It's Not Just for Boys Anymore明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法，而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点：冲浪运动并

23、不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。Surfing: It's Not Just for Boys AnymoreIf you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probablysay basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_:surfing（冲浪运动）.But isn't that a boy thing? Some people _2_. Most cer

24、tainlynot.I started surfing about five years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the veryfirst day. Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced.When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because,in my _6_, there's nothing like it. It involves（牵涉至

25、U） body, _7_, and soul.There's sand between my toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feeling I getwhen I'm surfing across that _9_, b ecoming one with the_10_, is like I'm weightless.1. A. tell B. answerC. give D. realize2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe3. A. stayed B. c

26、ame C. dropped D. fell4. A. wave B. stormC. sail D. boat5. A. bringB. connect C. compare D. tie6. A. work B. studyC.holidayD.life7. A. mind B. effortC.healthD.time8. A. alongB. aboveC. aroundD. by9. A. beachB. waterC. boardD. lake10. A. sky B. worldC.earthD.ocean解题分析:1. B 前后照应逻辑推理词义比较: 如果你询问高中的女生们她们

27、最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉（tell ），给予（give ）,意识到（realize ）,而是回答（answer）你询问的问题。2. A 常识运用逻辑推理词义比较: 先看语境：前一句的意思是" 但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?（意思是：这是男孩子的事情。）"；后一句的意思是“大多数人当然不"，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人（不太多）对此问题（前一句）不理解（understand ），不相信（believe ）,不能作出回答（reply ）,而纳闷、惊奇（wonder）,持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动是男孩子的事情。3

28、. D固定搭配：fall /be in love with 爱上，是固定结构，其它选项没有这种搭配形式。4. A常识运用：因为文章是在谈论冲浪运动，冲上第一个浪（wave）去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨（storm ）、航海（sail ）或船（boat ）。5. C 固定搭配词义比较：作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较（compare）。connect with 连接，联络，将连起来；compare with与比较；tie up with和联系一起；bring 带来，引起，通常不与with 连用。6. D 逻辑推理常识运用：作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活（life ）的组成部分，她不仅仅只

29、是在假期（holiday ）里冲浪，当然工作（work）和学习（study ）也不能耽误。in my life 是"在我的 生活中 " 。7. A 常识运用词义比较：冲浪运动涉及到身体，智力、智慧（ mind）和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。8. C 常识运用逻辑推理：在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线（ along ）,上面（above）,旁边（by）,而且身体的四周（around ）都是凉爽的咸水。9. B 常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩（ beach）,有可能是在湖（lake ）里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板（board ）在水（water

30、 ）面上进行。10. D常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋（ ocean）融为一体的感觉。例题分析4The one thing I can _1_ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge （挑战）.You can never be the "best suffer" because the ocean _2_ an uncountablevariety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfi

31、ng styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive（活跃有力的） and _3_. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it _4_ from any other sport.I've_5_ to tell every girl I know to do someth ing that people don't think girlscan do. It's part of being

32、 human to advance to new _6_, so shouldn't it be expected that girls should step u.p and start _7_ the limits of things boys and men used todominate （主宰）？There're women _8_ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys _9_ the football team or out in t

33、he water surfing? Give girls a chance to _10_, and they will.1. A. take B. get C. makeD.keepC. offersD. collects2. A. catchesB. includes3.A. sharpB. greatC.hardD. calm4.A. knownB. rightC.far D. different5.A. chosenB. triedC.learned D. promised6.A. levelsB. pointsC.stepsD. parts7. A. reachingB. accep

34、tingC. pushing D. setting8.A. sittingB. walkingC. fightingD. working9.A. ofB.fromC. o nD. with11. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel参考答案1. B ：作者不是从其他运动，而是从冲浪运动中获得（get ）了无止境的挑战的体会。再则，前文 The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that water ， becoming one with the ocean 也有暗示。take from 减少，降低； ge

35、t from 从得到； makefrom 由制造； keep from阻止，隐瞒，抑制。2. C你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、 提供（offer ）的是任何人都控制不了的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪。catch 抓住，捕获；include 包括，包含；offer 提供； collect收集，聚集。3. A 有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing 之间词义的顺承和协调"自由而流畅"，后句的aggressive and_3_ 也应该是这样一种意义联系，故选择A， sharp 可以

36、表示"精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为" 意思，其它三项在意义上与aggressive 的顺承和协调相距甚远。4. D 所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于（different ）其他运动。注意此段第一句 The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. 也有所暗示。（be） different from 和不同。（be） far from 远离，远非；known和 right通常不与from 搭配。5. B 我尽力（try ）地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做

37、人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose 选择、挑选；try 试图、努力；learn 学习； promise 答应、许诺。6. A 朝着新的水平（level ）不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level 水平，水准，标准，级别； point 点，尖端；step 步调，步伐，步骤，措施；part 部分，局部。7. C所以女孩子们难道不应当拾级而上，开始冲破（push）男人们过去主宰的事物的极限吗？reach 到达，伸出；accept 接受，认可；push 突出，突破攻击；set 放置，树立，调整。8. D 在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐（ sit ）,步行（walk）,战斗（fight ）,而且

38、 并肩工作（work）着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。9. C所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on表示"在供职"、"（是）的成员"，on the football team的意思是"是/成为足球队队员"。10. B给女孩子一个获得成功（succeed）的机会，让她们思考（think ）,感觉（feel ）表演 （ perform ），她们就都会有所成就。例题分析5A Strange Greeting, a True Feeling Last week I was invit

39、ed to a doctor s meetingat the Ruth hospital for incurables. Inone of the wards a patient, an old man,got up shakily from his bed and moved towards me. I could see that he hadn't long to 1, but he came up to me and placed his right foot close mine on the floor.“Frank! ” I cried in astonishment.

40、He couldn ' t 2 , as I knew, but all the time 3 his foot against mine.My 4 raced back more than thirty years to the5days of 1941, whenI was a student in London. The 6 was an air-raid shelter, in which I and about hundred other people slept every night. Two of the regulars were Mrs. West and her

41、son Frank.7 wartime problems, we shelter-dwellers got to8 each othervery well. Frank West 9 me because he wasn ' t 10 , not even at birth. Hismother told me he was 37 then, but he had11 of a mind than a baby has. His"12" consisted of rough soundssounds of pleasure or anger and 13 more.

42、Mrs. West, then about 75, was a strong, capable woman, as she had to be, of course, because Frank 14 on her entirely. He needed all the15 of a baby.One night a policeman came and told Mrs. West thather house had been flattenedby a 500-pounder. She 16 nearly everything she owned.When that sort of thi

43、ng happened, the rest of us helped the17 ones. Sobefore we 18 that morning, I stood beside Frank and19 my right footagainst his. They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a pair of shoes to the shelter for frank. But as soon as he saw me he came running and placed his right foot agains

44、t mine. After that, his20 to me was always the same.1. A. workB.stayC.liveD.expect2. A. answerB.speakC.smileD.laugh3. A. coveringB.movingC.fightingD . pressing4. A. mindsB.memories C.thoughtsD .brains5. A. betterB.darkC.youngerD. old6. A. caveB.placeC.sightD . scene7. A. DiscussingB .SolvingC.Sharin

45、gD. Suffering8. A. learn fromB . talk to C.helpD.know9. A. neededB . recognized C.interestedD. encouraged10. A. normalB. common C .unusualD.quick11. A. moreB . worseC . fewerD.less12. A. wordB . speechC . sentenceD . language13. A. notB . noC.somethingD. nothing14. A. fedB . keptC . livedD.depended1

46、5. A. attentionB . contro , l C .treatmentD.management16. A. lostB . neededC . destroyedD. left17. A. troublesomeB. unlucky C .angryDunpopular18. A. separatedB . wentC .reunitedD.returned19. A. pushedB . triedC . showedD.measured20. A. noddingB . greetingC . meetingD.acting参考答案及解析15 CADBB 6 10 DCDCA

47、 1115 DBBDA 1620 ABADB1. C 上文的“incurables"表明这位老人是不治之症患者，存活的时间不会太长。2. A 我叫他名字，他不会回答。3. D 由下文暗示可知，37岁的Frank不如一个婴儿的智力。他不能用语言回答别人的 问话，但内心有一定的反应，因此一见到我便将右脚靠着我的右脚以示问候。4. B Frank的这一举动使我的记忆一下子回到了30年前。5. B 下文交待30年前作者的生活，二战期间他只能住在防空洞中，生活很苦，只能 用“dark”来形容当年的岁月。6. D 作者回忆30年前的生活，头脑中出现了防空洞的情景。7. C ; 8. D 在战争问

48、题上由于拥有共同的话题，我们这些防空洞居住者逐渐了解了 对方。9. C ; 10. A 一个37岁的人智力却不正常，这一现象逐渐吸引了我的注意。11. D 尽管Frank已经37岁，但智力还不如一个婴儿。12. B; 13. B 他的讲话仅体现了内心的快乐和愤怒，没有更多实在的内容。14. D; 15. A West夫人不得不强壮而又有能力，因为Frank完全依靠于她，他需要婴儿似的全部照料。16. A她几乎失去了一切。17. B West夫人遭受这么大的损失，大家尽力帮助这不幸的一家人。18. A ;19. D ;20. B那天早上临走前，我站在 Frank身边，将我的右脚靠着 Frank的

49、右脚以便量出他脚的大小，目的是为他买一双鞋子。Frank将我的这一动作看成是问候的表现，从此他就用这一动作来问候我，这就有了本文开头的那种情景。例题分析6A newly trained teacher named Mary went to teach at a Navajo Indian reservation.Every day, she would ask five of the young Navajo students to _1_ the chalkboard and complete a simple math problem from 2 homework.They would

50、stand there, silently, 3 to complete the task. Mary couldn ' t figure it out. 4 she had studied in her educational curriculum helped, and she 5 hadn' t seen anything like it in her student-teaching days back in Phoenix.What am I doing wrong? Could I have chosen five students who can ' t

51、do the 6 ? Mary would wonder. No, 7 c ouldn ' t be that. Finally she8 the students whatwas wrong. And in their answers, she learned a 9 lesson from her young 10 pupils about self-image and a(n) 11 of self-worth.It seemed that the students 12 each other ' s individuality and knew that13could check each chi .ldof them were capable of doing the problems. 14 at their early age, they understood the senselessness of the win-lose approach in the classroom. They believed no one would 15 if any students were shown up or embarrassed at the 16 . So they 17 to compete with e