人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结

1、人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?一、单词与词组Jon表示“参加，加入”，此处指参加社团或组织，成为其中的成员。Join the army 参军 join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会play t乐器类 + the |Jointhe art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育 /音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部 一-器类+the | play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano英式定球/篮子/排球/英式足球，美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球）soccer/ b

2、asketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badmintonrBe good at+ sth./doing sth.擅长做某事Be good with 与相处得好J Be good to 对一 友好=be friendly toBe good for 对有好处Jike t。do sth.特指某一次的动作；like doing sth.强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事，在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。ell: Tell stories 讲故事tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告诉某人某事 /不要做某事Help

3、| Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. （to sth.）把某物（尤其是指食物，饮料等）拿给自己/某人cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事S 用于打某人的电话e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-77421.表示动态概念。意思是“回家”，“到家”。前面不加介词。这里的 home是副词，表示目的地。e.g. 1）When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家？2）He drives home after

4、work.他下班的开车回家。 3）She often does some shopping on his way home. 她经常在回家途中买些东西。2. at home表示静态概念。意思是“在家。这里的home是名词，表示具体地点。e.g. 1） Is she at home?她在家口马? 2）He left his book at home.他把书放在家里了。Go home 回家 get home 至U家 at home 在家Also也，而且；较正式，用于肯定句，紧跟动词。e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese.我能说英

5、文也能说中文。网 乂 Too多用于口语，放在句末。E.g. Me too.Either多用于否定句，放在句末。E.g. He hasnt finished, either.他也没有完成。. Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb.展示给某人看Show time作秀时间，表演开始talk show 脱口秀（美国脱口秀节目）Unit 2 What time do you go to school?时间连词：when=while当时then然后after that在那之后at+时间点/sb. do sth. at about +时间点forbreakfast/lunch/din

6、ner |睡觉 go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉 take a tap 午休，小睡一会儿 反：get up 起床Time 表 时间，不可数；表次数，可数。 Some times几次 sometimes有时 some time 一段时间 sometime某个时 候，动词tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来（含被动意味，但不能用被动语态）tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来像 eitheror二选一 neithernor 两者都不连接两个主

7、语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即就近原则。e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。Neitherdad nor mum js_ at home today.今天父母都不在家。Here引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是代词，不倒装；表位置的副词放在句首时，如主语是名词，要用全部倒装。e.g. Here it. is!Here he comes.（代词不倒装） Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus.（名词倒装）关于时间的问法（1）以when

8、提问，件么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？My birthday is Dec. 29th.我的生日是12月29日。这里就是指一天的时间段When do you go home? 你几点回家？ I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4： 30回家.这里when问的是具体的 时间。（2）具体几点我们通常用 what time提问 What time is it now?现在几点了 ？ or What sthe time? 几点 了？ It s 9:26.现在九点二十六。 What time is it

9、by your watch? 你手表几点了？It s 8:36. Oh, It s 50 min8t36 late,它慢了 50 分钟。What time do you get up?你几点起床？ I get upat 6:00 a.m. 我早上6点起床。Unit 3 How do you get to school?mahy students|是单指学生数量多,侧重数量many of the students是指学生中很多一部分，强调部分too太1. too much意为太多，+不可数名词/+动词。e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday .昨

10、天我有太多的家务活要干。She talks too much .她说话太多。much too意思是过分，太”，隐含了过分而不恰当之意,much too+形容词或副词， 不 + 动词。e.g.The question is much too difficult.这道题太又t了。You re walking much too fast.2.too to 太而不能 .e.g. You are never too young to study. 同： so that 太以至于e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too qui

11、ckly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly that people cantrow a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don t eat in class、词组 school rules 学校规章制度 break the rules 违反规章制度make the rules 制定规章.in the hallways 在过道 in the music room 在音乐教室里in the dining hall 在餐厅 be in bed 在床上 belate for迟到 listen to music 听音乐 wa

12、sh my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做饭 have to do不得不彳too many+名词复数；too much +不可数名词太多 by ten o clock 十点之前on school nights 上学的晚上 on weekends 在周末go to the children s palace 去少年宫 after school 放学后 sports shoes 运动鞋 gym class 体育课 二、句型 Don t arrive late for class.（2）We can t listen to music in the hallways, but w

13、e can listen to it outside.（3）-What else do you have to do?- We have to clean the classroom.（4）-Can we wear hats in school?-Yes, we can/ No, we can t.（5po you have to wear a uniform at school? - Yes, we do /No, we don t.（6） What are the rules at your school? （7）重难点精析： 祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语

14、you（听话人）通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。1） Be型（即系动词原型 be+表语+其他）。如：Be quiet,please.否定句 Don t + be+表语 + 其他。如：Don t be angry.2） Do型（即系动词原形+宾语+其他）。如： Open you books, please.否定句Don t +实义动词原形+宾语+其 他。如：Don t eat in the classroom.3 ） Let 型（即 Let+宾语 +动词原形 + 其他）如：Let me help you.Let s go at six o clock. 否定句一般在宾语后加not。如：Let

15、 not watch TV4） No+V-ing型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事）如： No smoking! 严禁吸烟！ No talking!不许交谈！ N。passing!茎止通行！No parking!不许停车！Must与have to l.must表主观看法，主观上的必要 have to表客观需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had_to_call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）He said that the

16、y must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）2. have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。3.在否定结构中：dont have to表示不必；mustnt表示禁止。e.g. You dont have to （neednt没必要）tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt （cant不能）tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。On time 准时，按时。 In time 及时，迟早 e.g. We were just in time for （to catch ） the bus

17、.我们及时赶上了公车。The train pulled in on time.车准时到站。Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?一、词组 want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth想要某人做某事want sth想要某物 Let sb do sth让某人做某事Kind |kind of 有几分 种类 a kind of 一种（all） kinds of 各种各样的=various of like to do sth/like doing sth喜欢做某事play with 与.一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night

18、 在夜间二、句型与日常交际用语1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas?-Because they kinre of interesting. 2、 Why do you want to see the lions? Because theyre 3、-Where are lions from?-Lions are from South Africa.4 、-What （other） animals do you like?-I like elephants.5. This is a symbol of good luck. 的象

19、征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant.形容记忆力好 7 .- How old are you?=Whats your age? Tm ten years old./Im ten.8.-Do you like giraffes? - Yes, I do. / No, I don tmake of与make from 由组成make of看得出原材料，物理变化；make from看不出原材料， 化学变化。e.g.We must save trees and not by things made of ivory（象牙）.The paper is made

20、 of wood.The other, others, another, other的区别1.other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他，泛指其他的（人或物）。如： Do you have any other question（s）?你还有其他问题吗？Ask some other people.问问别人吧！ Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other,不能用 another, 此日的 other 作代词。如： He has two daughters. One is a nur

21、se, the other is a worker. 他有两个女 儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词。如：Onthe other side of the street, there is a tall tree. 在街道的另边，有棵大树。 Mary is much taller than the other girls.玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river.他住在河的对岸。3.others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个，其余的。在句中可作主语、宾语。如

22、：Some of us like singingand dancing, others go in for sports.我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞，其余的从事体育活动。Give me some others,please.请给我别的东西吧！There are no others.没有别的了。 4.the others意思是“其他东西，其余的人“。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）“。是the other的复数形式。如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the otherswill stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 the othe

23、rs=the other复数名词，这在第 2条中已经有 所介绍。5.another=an other,既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者 以上的另一个，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如： I don t like this one. Please show me another.我不喜欢 这一个，请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。Let do

24、 sth , let s=letkb我们做人称代词用宾格Lets之后跟动词原形。Let s sehe panda.我们看熊3吧。Let s g峨们走吧！Unit 6 I m watching TV.、t组 do ones homework 做家庭作业watch TV 看电视 eat dinner 吃饭；就餐clean the room 打扫房间 talk on the phone 电话聊天 thanks for+n/doing 为某事感谢某人go shopping/swimming 去购物 /游泳at the pool在游泳池 at school在学校 in the tree在树上 read

25、newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书write a letter 写信 go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看电影 take photos 拍照 wait for 等待；等候 TV show 电视节目 talk about 谈论e.g. What are you talking about? some of中的一些a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with和一起 with sb和某人在一起in the first/last photo在第一张/最后一张照片 二、句型与日常交际用语1.-What+b

26、e+主语+doing?正在做什么？-主语+ be doing正在做某事 2.-Here are/is 例：Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of myfamily.3.-Do you want to go to the movies? -Sure.4.-When do you want to go? - Let s go at seven.-Where do people play basketball? -At school.6.-What s he waiting for?-He s waiting for a bus.7.-What

27、 s he reading?He s reading a newspape8. Can +do（动词原 形） 可以 e.g.You can see my family at home.三、语法现在进行时1）现在在进行时的形式:助动词be（am,is,are）+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。2）现在进行时的肯定句形式：主语+be（am,is,are）+动词现在分词+其他例：I nwatching TV.3）现在进行时的否定句形式：主语+be（am,is,are）+not+动词现在分词+其他例：They are notplaying soccer.4

28、）现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答：Is（am,are）+主语 + 动词现在分词 + 其他？Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn t/aren t/omti 例：Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.5）现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他？例： What is your brother doing?Unit 7 It s raning!一、词组 play computer games打电子游戏lie on the beach躺在沙滩上play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球in

29、this heat 在酷暑中 in picture 在图片里on vacation 度假 on thebeach 在海边 around the world 世界各地 =all over the worldbe surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感至U惊讶berelaxed 放松 =feel relaxed have a good time 玩得很痛快 in different kind of weather在不同的天气里 thanksb for（doing）sth 由于某事而感谢某人some- - others 一些另一些 a group of people 一群人 loo

30、k at sbdoing/do sth看某人正在做某事/做了某事（事情的全过程） everyone后只接人不跟 of,相当于 everybody; every one 后跟人或物，可跟 of。e.g. Everyone is here.每个人都在这。Every one of the students likes the teacher.每位学生都很喜欢这个老师。二、句型/日常交际用语（1）-How s the weather（+地点）？ -It s rainy. /It s cold and snow-What s the weather like?-The weather there is

31、very hot.(3)- How s it going(with sb.)?某人最近怎样。/How was your trip?-Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good!(4)Thank s you for joining CCTV s Around the World show!(5)-Is Aunt Wang there?-Yes, she is/No, she isn (6) There are many people here on vacation. See you later./See you soon.之后见 /很快见(8) My phone

32、 isnt working.我的电话坏了。Unit 8 Is there a postoffice near there?一、词组post office邮局 pay phone投币式公用电话next to在隔壁across from 在 对面 in front of 在 前面 between and 在 和.之间on a street 在街上in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边/在左边behind 在 后面 on Green street在格林街上near 在附近go straight 一直走 go down(along)沿着.走 welc

33、ome to 欢迎enjoy+名词/doing喜欢做某事have fun过得愉快on one s right/left在某人的右边/左边turn right/left向右/左转take a walk散步 the way to去.的路 let sb do sth让某人做某事 take a taxi打的/乘出租车 go through.穿过.have a good trip旅途愉快=have a good time.玩的开心，过得愉快arrive at (小地方)/in (大地方)到达 at thebeginning of在.开始的时候at the end of在.结束的时候hope to do

34、sth/that/for sth 希望做某事(不可以用 hope sb. to do sth.) help sb.to do sth./sb. sth.帮助某人某事n front of 与 in the front of 的区另Uin front of就是指在某物的前方；in the front of是指在某物的内部靠前的地方。e.g. sit in the front of the classroom. 指坐在教室前排的。sit in front of the classroom 指坐在教室前面(教室外面的前面)。It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moeysb.

35、 spend time on sth. /(in) doing sth./sb. spend some money.花费时间 /金钱做某事二、句型。/、Is there a .?句型. Eg:-Excuse me. Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood.-Yes, there is. No. there isn t2、Where is ？句型, Eg:-Where is the park, please?-It s behind the bank.危回答)-I m sorry I don tknow.答)3、Which is the way to

36、 + 地点?句型.如：Which is the way to the library?4、How can I get to+ 地，点?句型.如：How can I get to the restaurant?5、Can you tell me the way to + 地点？ /Could you please tell me .句型.如：Can you tell me the way to the post office?6、Let me tell you the way to my house.7、Just go straight and turn left.I三、日常交际用语1、 Is

37、there a bank near here? Yes, there is .It s on Centre/Streetere isn t.2、Where s the supermarket? It s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.5. If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.6、Talk a walk though the park.7、I know you are a

38、rriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要来。8、Time goes by./time goes quickly.时间流逝/时间流逝得飞快Unit 9 What dose he look like?一、词组curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发 of medium height/build 中等高度/身体a little bit+形容词一点儿a pop singer 一位流行歌手be popular with sb在流行not- any more 不再good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼镜 have a new l

39、ook 呈现新面貌the captain of the basketball team篮球队队长Nobody knows me没有人认识我二、句型1) -What does he look like?- He s reallyshort. He has short hair./ He is of medium build.2) Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five ?3) -She has beautiful, long black hair.- I don t think he s so great .6) stop doing(sth)

40、表示停止正在干的事如:He stop listening-She never stops talking.stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事如:He stops to listen.7) I can go shopping and nobody knows me.8) -Is he tall or short? -Hes of medium height.9) He has long straight brown hair.描述顺序:形状大小(long/short)-年龄-颜色-国籍Unit 10 U d like some noodles一、词组 would like+ n/

41、to do 想要a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗what size 什么尺寸orange juice 桔汁what kind of 表示.的种类 a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 three oranges 三个桔子(可数) three chickens三只小鸡(可数) gongbao chicken 宫爆鸡丁 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下 二、句型 1) What kind of green tea 绿茶a kind of 一种 some kind of许多种a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁（不可数）

42、some chicken 一些鸡肉（不可数）mapo tofu麻婆豆腐cut off 切断 cut out切掉would you like? 你想要一 ？ 2 ) -What size bowl of noodles would you like?-I like a small bowl of noodles. 3 ) We have large ,medium, and small bowls. 4 ) I like dumplings, I don t like noodles.三、日常交际用语 1) -Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May

43、 I take your order?-Id like some noodles. please. 2 ) -What kind of noodles would you like? -Id like mutton and potato noodles.Please. 3 ) -Would you like a cup of green tea?-Yes, please. /No, thankswould like 后面还可以跟不定式 .即:A: would like to do sth. 想要做某事 He would like to see you today.B:would like sb

44、.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事What would you like me to do.OIf引导的条件状语从句主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。e.g. If he or she blows(从句)out all the candles in one go, the wish will (主句) come true.If it doesnt (从句) rain, we will (主句)play basketball. it作形式主语。结构：it+be(is/was)+ (for sb.) +to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事怎么样e.g. Its getting more a

45、nd more popular to have cake on your birthday.=It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday.Unit 11 How was you weekend? 一、词组do some reading 阅读study for the (math) test 准备 (数学) 考试have a party/ do some sports 做运动 practice+n/doing 练习 what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么样 stay

46、 at home 呆家里go to summer camp 去夏令营go shopping 去购物go to the beach/pool 去沙滩 /游泳go to the mountains 去爬山last month 上个月three days ago 三天前yesterday 昨天 the day before yesteday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天look for 寻找 look after照顾，看管 look out (for)留神，注意 look up查找go for a walk 散步 in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/在下午/在晚上on Sunday morning 在某个具体天的上午、 下午用介词onplay computer games 玩电月百游戏 spend money/timeon sth/(in) doing sth 花费做watch sb do/doing sth 看某人做了某事 /正在做某事二、句型 1 ) I visited my aunt