高一英语阅读理解(人生百味)试题经典含解析

1、高一英语阅读理解（人生百味）试题经典含解析一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1 .阅读理解In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entire French Scrabble Dictionary in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works real AI. Both

2、 of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks provided the task is in one field with a lot of datait is tec

3、hnically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like sci

4、entists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs executives, diplomats, economists -go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet- unknown jobs that will be created by AI.Are you worried that these three types of jobs wont employ as m

5、any people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathywhich AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they

6、 have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit mo

7、st.(1) What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic.B. To mention Nigels feat.C. To stress the importance of good memory.D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.(2) Which of the following best explains outperform underlined in paragraph 2?A. Be superior toB. Be inferior toC.

8、 Be similar toD. Be related to(3) Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A. The writer. B. The shop assistant. C. The babysitter. D. The psychologist. (4) Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI?A. Limit the application of AI to a cer

9、tain degree.B. Get more support from the government.C. Apply for the donation from companies.D. Upgrade peoples professional skills all the time.（3） B（4） D【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力 ,但是 ,并非所有工作都会被人工智能取代,有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。因此,在人工智能时代人类仍然会有工作 ,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。（ 1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔理查兹

10、（Nigel Richards）的人在短短九周内记住了法国拼字游戏词典中的 386,000 个单词。但是,他不会说法语。其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关,由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引出人工智能这个话题。故选 A。（ 2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“ Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks provided the task is in one field with a lot of data 可知 AI 可以在日常任务中 ”outperform 人类（前提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及“ itis

11、 technically capable of replacinghundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so. 可知从技术上讲,人工智能具有在未来大约 15 年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。结合下文推断人工智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为 AI 在日常任务中表现超过了人类,划线词的意思是胜过,超过 ,故选 A。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ First,there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given agoal to opt

12、imize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. 可知四种类型的工作 完全没有风险。首先,有创造性的工作。人工智能不可能像科学家,小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除 A;再根据第四段中的“as the fourth typeis much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. 可知需 要情感白工作，例如老师，保姆和医生也不大可能被取代，因此排除C和Do故选B

13、o（ 4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ Sothere will still be jobs in the age of AI. The keythen must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. 可知作者认为在 ” AI 时代仍然会 有工作 ,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训 ,这样人们才能从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到专业技能,由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议,故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅 读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从

14、而选出正确答案。2 阅读理解Im a single person and live with my dog. Jed isnt just my dog. He is my family. He goes everywhere with me. So I was overjoyed last year to hear that Bunnings was allowing dogs on a leash（皮带）-into their stores.But no sooner had the rule come in than it was quicklyrepealed(撤销).A little

15、girl in Victoriahad walked up to a Jack Russell in a store and been bitten (咬伤).That was it. No more dogs.I dont know the whole story. But heres what I have to say: dogs bite sometimes and kids are sometimes difficult to control.There is nothing I love more than a kid who wants to touch Jed. But wha

16、ts even better is when they ask permission first.I was at my local dog park last week. Its huge, with an off-leash dog area to one side and a fenced-off kids playground a good distance away. There was a family there that morning 一 parents and two young girls playing near the dog area. The elder girl

17、 started crying at the sight of Jed puppy! There a puppy! Jed went right up and started licking 毓)her, which only made her cry louder.My dog was frightened and tried to get away. The little girl ran after him, shouting loudly. The parents did nothing; they just let their kid frighten my dog and then

18、 said I should have stopped him from licking her.While they had a choice to play elsewhere, I did not. So I had to walk Jed away.I just dont want to have to meet a dog when I go shopping, said one caller on a radio show yesterday. Look, I get that. But the thing is, I dont always want to have your k

19、id kick the back of my seat for two hours on a plane.When I lived in the UK and the US, I couldnt walk through the stores without stopping to pat dogs. Why cant we follow their practice?(1) What do we know about Jed?A. He is a troublemaker.B. He means a lot to the author.C. He is the authors only fr

20、iend.D. He often goes shopping with: the author.(2) Why did Bunnings stop following the rule?A. A girl lost her dog there.B.Dogs were badly-behaved.C. Most people were against it.D.It wanted to keep its customers safe.(3) What happened at the dog park?A. The little girl was hurt.B.Jed was treated un

21、fairly.C. Jed played happily with thegirl.D.The parents stopped their daughter.(4) What does the author think of the callers words?A. Meaningless.B. Hurtful.C. Reasonable.D. Touching.【答案】(1) BD(3) B(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，从作者自身经历出发，表达了作者对于社会上对待动物的不公平现象的看法。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的Jed isnt just my dog. He is

22、 my family.杰德不仅仅是我”的狗。他是我的家人。可知杰德对作者来说意义重大。故选 Bo2 2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 But no sooner had the rule come in than it was quickly repealed. A little girl in Victoria had walked up to a Jack Russell in a store and been bitten. That was it. No m ore dogs.但这条规定刚一实施就很快被废除了。维多利亚州的一个小女孩在一 家商店里走向一只杰克罗素犬，结果被咬了。就这样。

23、不能有狗进商店了。可知Bunnings停止遵守这一规定，因为它想保证顾客的安全。故选Do(3)考查细节理解。根据第六段中的My dog was frightened and tried to get away. The littlegirl ran after him, shouting loudly. The parents did nothing; they just let their kid frighten my dog and then said I should have stopped him from licking her. 我的狗吓坏了，想逃跑。小女孩在他 后面跑，大声喊

24、叫。父母什么也没做；他们只是让他们的孩子吓唬我的狗，然后说我应该阻止他舔她。可知在狗公园杰德受到了不公平的待遇。故选 Bo(4)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的I just dont want to have to meet a dog when I goshopping, said one caller on a radio show yesterday. Look, I get that. But the thing is, I dont always want to have your kid kick the back of my seat for two hours on a pla

25、ne. 我只是不想在 购物时遇到一只狗，昨天在一个广播节目中，一位打电话的人说。我明白了。但是问题 是，我并不想让你的孩子在飞机上花两个小时踢我的座椅靠背。可推知作者认为打电话的 人的话语很伤人。故选 Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考 生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3 .阅读理解If your life were a book and you were the author, how would you want your story to go? Thats the question that change

26、d my life forever.At the age of 19, I became a massage therapist( 治疗币).For the first time in my life, I felt free, independent and completely in control of my life. That is, until my life took a detour. I was diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. Over the course of two months, I lost my spleen(月I卑),m

27、y kidneys, and both of my legs below the knees.One day, I went home. I crawled into bed and this is what my life looked like for the next few months me passed out, escaping from reality, with my legs resting by my side. I was completely physically and emotionally broken. But I knew that in order to

28、move forward, I had to let go ofthe 01d Amy and learn to embrace the new Amy. And that is when I began to realize that I didnt have to be small any more. I could be as tall as I wanted or as short as I wanted depending on whom I was dating. And if I snowboard again, my feet arent going to get cold.

29、And the best of all, I thought, I can make my feet the size of all the shoes that are on the sales shelf. And I did!I started snowboarding. Then I went back to work. And then I co-founded a non-profit organization for physical disabilities so that they could get involved in action sports. And just t

30、his past February, I won two World Cup gold medals, making me the highest-ranked adaptive female snowboarder in the world.Eleven years ago, when I lost my legs, I had no idea what to expect. But if you ask me today, if I would ever want to change my situation, I would have to say no, because my legs

31、 havent disabled me. Theyve forced me to rely on my imagination and to believe in possibilities, and thats why I believe that our imaginations can be used as tools for breaking through borders, because in our minds, we can do anything and we can be anything. Its belief in those dreams and facing our

32、 fears directly that allow us to live our lives beyond our limits.(1) What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph3?A. The author no longer wanted to make friends with Amy.B. The author realized she had to learn to accept a new herself gladly.C. The author wanted a new friend in her n

33、ew life eagerly.D. The author felt hard to choose between the old Amy and the new Amy.(2) According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The author didnt like her job as a massage therapist.B. The author is still very sensitive to her disabilities.C. The author has learnt to

34、see her disabilities as blessings.D. The author hopes to return to her old life.(3) What message does the author want to convey with her speech?A. Roman is not built in one day.B. Failure is the mother of successC. Imagination is more important than knowledge.D. It is not what happens to you but how

35、 you respond that counts.(4) The tone of the passage is best described as.A. proud but stubbornB. interesting but regretfulC. optimistic and inspiringD. pessimistic and doubtful【答案】(1) B(2) C(3) D(4) C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者 Amy用她的故事告诉了我们：只要我们拥 抱挑战，敢于想象，心怀感恩，我们依然可以给烂透了的生活一一绝地反击。(1)考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的But I

36、knew that in order to move forward, I had to letgo of the old Amy and learn to embrace the new Amy. 但是我知道，”为了前进，我不得不放开 旧的艾米，学会拥抱新的艾米)可推出，作者意识到她必须学会快乐地接受一个新的自己”。故选Bo(2)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的Theyve forced me to rely on my imagination and tobelieve in possibilities, and thats why I believe that our imaginatio

37、ns can be used as tools for breaking through borders, because in our minds, we can do anything and we can be anything. 它 们迫使我依靠我的想象力并相信各种可能性，这就是为什么我相信我们的想象力可以用作 突破边界的工具，因为在我们的思维中，我们可以做任何事情，我们可以成为任何事情。 可知，作者学会了将自己的残疾视为迫使自己前进、突破自己的契机。由此可知，作者已 经学会把她的残疾看作是一种福气。故选 Co(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的Itsbelief in those d

38、reams and facing our fearsdirectly that allow us to live our lives beyond our limits.相信那些梦想并直接面对我们的恐惧使我们能够超越自己的极限生活。可知，作者在演讲中想要告诉我们，重要的不是你身上 发生了什么，而是你如何应对。故选 Do(4)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的Andf I snowboard again, my feet arent going to getcold. And the best of all, I thought, I can make my feet the size of all

39、the shoes that are on the sales shelf. And I did!如果我再玩滑雪板，我的脚就不会冷了。我想，最棒的是，我能使我 的脚适合货架上所有的鞋的尺寸。我做到了 ！可知，面对残疾作者展示出非常积极的态度； 再根据最后段中的Its belief in those dreams and facing our fears directly that allow us to liveour lives beyond our limits.相信那些梦想并直接面对我们的恐惧使我们能够超越自己的极限 生活)可知，Amy用她的故事告诉了我们：只要我们拥抱挑战，敢于想象，心

40、怀感恩，我 们依然可以给烂透了的生活绝地反击。由此可知，文章的基调是乐观的，激励人心的。故选Co【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟 类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而 选出正确答案。4 .阅读理解We talk a lot in the U.S. about success. Success is the dream and the end point. And not by coincidence the idea that hard work leads to personal success is a

41、s American as apple pie.But the reality is that sometimes we fail. And sometimes things, through no fault of our own, dont go our way. Were faced with a life-changing diagnosis ( 诊断),the passing of a loved one or job loss. We dont, as a society, have as much to say here.I think uncertainty does us a

42、ll harm. Wed feel better equipped to deal with uncertainty if we talked about itmore. I had so fully bought into the belief that with enough effort, I could control what happened in my life. I actually caught myself thinking I could work my way out of my cancer. As it turns out, cancer doesnt really

43、 care about ones work.We might also make wiser decisions - this isnt just a feel-good exercise. For example, technology and medicine have progressed to the point that many patients are living longer than they would have even a decade ago. These are achievements worth celebrating. And yet I wonder if

44、 the focus on success is sometimes misguided here as well. If it is one reason why we tend to pursue expensive end-of-life treatments, they often accomplish little other than to make a patients final days painful and frightening. The fact is that, when asked, many patients would rather focus on livi

45、ng meaningfully in their final days.My hope here is to make a case for thinking about meaning, in the same way we think about pursuing success. In that spirit, Ive asked several people, each of whom has met misfortune, how they find meaning in their lives. The diversity in their responses reflects t

46、he fact that there are no right or wrong answers here. We each can find meaning in different things.(1) What is the typical American idea?A. Success is the dream.B. Success lies in hard work.C. Apple pie is the best food.D. Failure is always avoidable.(2) What does the underlined word it in Paragrap

47、h 3 probably refer to?A. Equipment.B. Culture.C. Uncertainty.D. Belief.(3) In their final days many patients actually want to.A. live as long as possibleB. live a more meaningful lifeC. make great progress in medicineD. get expensive end-of-life treatments(4) What can we learn from the last paragrap

48、h?A. The author thinks pursuing success is wrong.B. We can benefit from some unlucky things.C. We can find the same meaning in our life.D. Personally there are different meanings in life.【答案】(1) B(2) C(3) B(4) D【解析】【分析】短文大意：在美国人们经常谈论成功。成功是梦想，是终点。美国人认为努力工作就能获得个人成功每个人都能在不同的事物中找到意义。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段中的And

49、not by coincidence the idea that hard work leads topersonal success is as American as apple pie.可知美国人认为努力工作就能获得个人成功。故 选Bo(2)推理判断题。根据第三段中的Wed feel better equipped to deal with uncertainty if wetalked about it more.可知我们会感觉更好地准备好应对不确定性，如果我们更多地谈论 它。可推断，it指代的是不确定性。故选Co(3)细节理解题。根据第四段中的The fact is that, wh

50、en asked, many patients would ratherfocus on living meaningfully in their final days. 可知，在生命的最后几天，许多病人实际上更 专注于有意义的生活，故选Bo(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段The diversity in their responses reflects the fact that thereare no right or wrong answers here. We each can find meaning in different things. 可知， 关于人 生意义的回答，没有对或错的

51、答案，每个人都能在不同的事物中找到意义，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题。细节理解题要注意从文中寻 找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。(5) .阅读理解Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, youll have no trouble answering these

52、questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A childs day is filled withfascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的)to new stimulation 刺激),new ideas. Relear

53、ning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the R

54、ocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring.Later they all admitted

55、 theyd felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession( 痴迷)many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a ruby- crowned kinglet and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and ne

56、ver learned what it was doing.The pressures of time and destination are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see whats around the

57、m. I asked them what theyd seen. Oh, a few birds, they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a n

58、ew dimension to your life.(1) According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more A. anxious to do wondersB. sensitive to others feelingsC. likely to develop unpleasant habitsD. eager to explore the world around them(2) What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?A. To avoid jumping to conclusions.B. To stop compl