外文与翻译.安卓体系架构

1、 南 京 工 程 学 院毕业设计文献资料翻译 原文及译文 原文名称： Android Architecture and Libraries Every Android Developer Should Know 课题名称： 安卓系统轻量笔记软件设计与实现 学生姓名： 周杰伦 学 号： 208100428 指导老师： 王少东 所在系部： 通信工程学院 专业名称： 通信工程 2021 年 3 月 南 京Android Architecture and Libraries Every Android Developer Should KnowThe Android Architecture enco

2、urages the concept of component reuse, allowing you to publish and share activities, services, and data with other applications with access managed by the security restrictions you put in place. That being said, today I would like to share information about the android architecture and then some lib

3、raries that are provided to you for use while building your next killer app. So are you ready for this? If you said yes, then read on!Dont be intimidated by the above image you will not have to understand all that stuff today or even tomorrow.Android architectures mechanism that enables you to produ

4、ce a replacementcontactmanager or phone dialer can let you expose your application components to let other developers create new User Interfaces (UI) front ends and functionality extensions or otherwise build on them! How fantastic is that huh?Dissecting The Android ArchitectureIn this first list, I

5、 am going to show you the application services which are the android architectural cornerstones or as you might call it pillars of all android applications providing the framework you will be using for your own software: Activity Manager -This controls the life cycle of your activities, and that inc

6、ludes the management of the activities stack! Views -Views are used to construct the user interfaces for your application activities. Notification Manager -Provides a consistent and non-intrusive mechanism for signaling your users (example: when you are playing a game and someone sends you a text me

7、ssage, a notification does not terminate your game, instead, you might hear a sound). Content Providers -This lets your application share data between applications. Resource Manager -Supports non-code resources like strings and graphics to be externalized.Now that we have the first main part out of

8、the way, we can now look at the Android Libraries that will make your android application development easier and fun. As you can tell, these are just short descriptions and you can read more using the link I will share!Android Libraries You Need To KnowAndroid also provides a number of APIs for deve

9、loping your applications. So, in this list, I share the core APIs helping you see what is available to you as an android developer. All android devices will offer support for at least these APIs: android.util -The core utility package contains low-level classes like specialized containers, string fo

10、rmatters, and XML parsing utilities. android.os -The operating system package provides access to basic operating system services like message passing, interprocess communication, clock functions, and debugging. android.graphics -The graphics API provides the low-level graphics classes that support c

11、anvases, colors, and drawing primitives and lets you draw on canvases. android.text -The text processing tools for displaying and parsing texts. android.database -Supplies the low-level classes required for handling cursors when working with databases. android.content -The content API is used to man

12、age data access and publishing by providing services for dealing with resources, content providers, and packages. android.view -Views are the core user interface class. All user interface elements are constructed using a series of views to provide the user interaction components. android.widget -Bui

13、lt on the View package, the widget classes are the “here is one we created earlier user-interface element for you to use in your applications. They include lists, buttons, and layouts. com.google.android.maps -A high leel API that provides access to native map controls that you can use within your a

14、pplication. Includes the MapView control as well as the Overlay and MapController classes used to annotate and control your embedded maps. android.app -A high-level package that provides access to the application model. The application package includes the Activity and Service APIs that form the bas

15、is for all your Android applications. vider -To ease developer access to certain standard Content Providers( such as the contacts database), the Provider package offers classes to provide access to standard databases included in all Android distributions. android.telephony -The telephony

16、APIs give you the ability to directly interact with the devices phone stack, letting you make, receive, and monitor phone calls, phone status and SMS messages. android.webkit -The webkit package features APIs for working with Web-based content, including a WebView control for embedding browsers in y

17、our activities and a cookie manager.Again, what you just saw is a simplified list of the Android libraries that helps you build applications that pop! In addition to the Android APIs, the Android stack includes a set of C/C+ libraries that are exposed through the application framework. They include:

18、 OpenGL -The library used to support 3D graphics based on the Open GL ES 1.0 API FreeType -This supports bitmap and vector font rendering. SGL -The core library used to provide a 2D graphics engine. libc -The standard C library optimized for Linux-based embedded devices. SQLite -The lightweight rela

19、tion database engine used to store application data. SSL -Support for using the Secure Sockets Layer cryptographic protocol for secure internet communications.NOTE:This post, I figure, is getting longer but I am almost done here. Just one more part and you will be on your way to other important thin

20、gs. If you cannot finish reading the whole post, you can bookmark it for future references because, well, most of these will not change much!The Advanced Android LibrariesThe core libraries we have seen so far provide all the functionality you need to start churning out android applications, but it

21、wont be long before you are ready to delve into the advanced APIs that offer the really kick-ass and fun functionality.That being said however, it is worth noting that Android hopes to target a wide range of mobile hardware, so be aware that the suitability and implementation of the following APIs w

22、ill vary depending on the device upon which they are implemented. android.location -The location-based services API gives your applications access to the devices current physical location. Location-based services provide generic access to location information using whatever position-fixing hardware

23、or technology is available on the device. android.media -The media APIs provide support for playback and recording of audio and video media files, including streamed media. android.opengl -Android offers a powerful 3D rendering engine using the OpenGL ES API that you can use to create dynamic 3D use

24、r interfaces for your applications. android.hardware -Where available, the hardware API exposes sensor hardware including the camera, accelerometer. and compass sensors. android.bluetooth, .wifi, android.telephony -Android also provides low-level access to the hardware platform, including Bluetooth,

25、 Wi-Fi, and telephony hardwareAndroid开发者应该知道的Android体系架构和开发库摘要: Android的体系架构鼓励组件重用，允许开发者发布共享Activity、Service并且访问其他应用程序的数据，还可以根据开发者制定的平安限制进行管理。话虽如此，今天我将分享一些关于Android架构和开发库信息，供开发者创 .Android的体系架构鼓励组件重用，允许开发者发布共享Activity、Service并且访问其他应用程序的数据，还可以根据开发者制定的平安限制进行管理。话虽如此，今天我将分享一些关于Android架构和开发库信息，供开发者创立下一个杀手

26、级应用使用。准备好了吗？请继续下面的阅读！不要被上面的图片吓到，你无需了解所有内容。Android架构支持开发者创立自己的联系人应用或者 拨号程序。你可以公布自己应用的组件，让其他开发者在此根底上创立新的用户界面，进行功能扩展或者其他工作！这是多么奇妙啊？剖析Android体系架构第一个列表将向开发者展示应用效劳，这些效劳是Android的架构基石。你也可以称它为所有的Android应用程序的支柱框架，为所有开发应用提供支持。Activity Manager：控制界面的生命周期，包括管理活动Activity栈。Views：Views为应用程序构建用户界面。Notification Manage

27、r：提供一贯的非侵入式的机制来通知用户例如：当你正在玩游戏时有人给你发短信，通知不会终止你的游戏，你会听到一个声音提示。Content Providers：让开发者在不同应用程序之间共享数据。Resource Manager：支持非代码资源，如字符串和图形被外部化。现在你对第一个主要局部有了解，我们可以看看Android库，这将使开发Android应用程序更加容易和有趣。正如你所知道的，这些都只是简短的描述，可以通过我分享的链接了解更多！开发者需要知道的Android库Android也提供了大量的API开发应用程序。所以在这个列表中，将帮助开发者了解哪些是可用的核心API。所有的Android

28、设备将提供至少这些API支持：android.util：核心工具包中包含底层类，字符串格式化和XML解析工具、底层类?。android.os：操作系统包提供了访问根本的操作系统效劳，如消息传递、进程间通信、时钟功能和调试。android.graphics：图形API提供了支持画布、颜色和绘制图元的低级别的图形类并且支持绘制画布。android.text：用于显示和解析文本的文本处理工具。android.database：在数据库处理游标时提供底层类支持。android.content：content API管理数据访问，提供效劳来管理资源、内容提供者content provider和包。and

29、roid.view：视图是核心的用户接口类。所有用户界面元素使用的是一系列视图，以构成用户交互的组件。* android.widget*：内置在View包内，小部件类是“这里是我们前面创立的用户界面元素，可以在自己的应用程序中使用。包括列表、按钮和布局。com.google.android.maps：高级的API，它提供了访问本地地图控件，可以在自己的应用程序中使用。包括MapView的控制、用于标注和控制您的嵌入式地图的叠加以及MapController类。android.app：一个高层次的包，允许访问应用程序模型。该应用程序包包括Activity和Service的API等是Android应用程序的根底。vider：方便开发者访问标准的内容提供者比方联系人数据库，provider包提供类给开发者访问标准的数据库。android.tele