2019高考英语专题复习名词性从句(附答案)

1、2019 高考英语专题复习名词性从句(附答案)I. 考点分析名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，多由连词that， wh- 疑问词或由what, whatever等关系代词引导，其中同位语从句在高考考试中最常见。1. 主语从句1) 主语从句在句子中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Why he refused to work with you is still mystery.Whoever comes is welcome.2)主语从句前的that不能省略，仅起连接作用，有时为了保持句子平衡，that从句后置，而由 it 作形式主语。如：That he bec

2、ame a lawyer may have been due to his mother s influence.It is not true that he has moved to New York.2. 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语，如：I don t know where the sound came from.Don t be satisfied with what youhave achieved.3. 当从何放在系动词 be, look, remain, seem后即构成表语从句。The trouble is that I have lost his address.It seeme

3、d that the night would never end.4. 1) 同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释，能接名词性从句的常见名词有:idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding 等。The news that he has passed the examination is exciting.2) 同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于：

4、定语从句是对先行词加以修饰、限制，而同位语从句时说明名词中心词的具体内容；that 在定语从句中充当成分，为关系代词，而在同位语从句中不做任何成分,仅起连词作用。如：The fact that we talked about is very important. (定语从句)The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody 位语从句)5. whether与if在名词性从句中的用法区别if 一般只用于引导宾语从句，而 whether可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词从句。1)连词whether引导的主语从句，表语从何不能用

5、if来替换。Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain.The question is whether he will come.2)宾语从句中，whether常与or not搭配，可以说 whether or not,而不说if or not。I don t care whether or not she will attend the meeting.3) whether可用在介词后，或带to不定式前，if则不可。She doesn t know whether to get married now or wait.I haven t s

6、ettled the question of whether I ll go back home.4)某些动词后面(如discuss)R能用whether ,不用if。We discussed whether we should go on climbing.II. 练习：1. men have learned much from the behavior of animals is barely new.A) ThatB) Those C) What D) Whether2. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximate

7、ly from Marathon toAthens.A) distanceB) is the distance C) the distance D) the distance is3. By success I dont mean usually thought of when that word is used.A) what is B) that we C) as you D) all is4. The mere fact most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that itwill not occur

8、.A) what B) which C) thatD) why5. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders will happen to her private life.A) this B) it C) what D) that6. We agreed to accept they thought was the best tourist guide.A) whichever B) whoever C) whatever D) whomever7. There are signs restaurants are becoming

9、 more popular with families.A) that B) which C) in which D) whose8. The basic features of the communication process are identified in one question: Who says through what channel to whom?A) what B) whenC) how D) such9. The mother didn t know who for the broken glass.A) blamed B) to blame C) be blamed

10、 D) would blame10. How is it your roommate s requuersst anred iydoentical?A) if B) so C) what D) thatIII. 答案及详解：1. A) 题意：人类从动物行为中学到很多东西这一点还很少为人所知。解析：句中that引导一个主语从句。2. C) 题意：奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26 英里 385 码，约为从马拉松到雅典的距离。解析：名词短语 approximately the distance from Marathon to Athens用来进一步说明 26 miles and 385 yards究竟有多

11、长，在语法上叫做同位语。若选择 B)或D)项，则前后两句之间 应有or或and之类的连接词。3. A) 题意：我所说的“成功”一词，并不是指我们使用它时通常所想到的东西。解析：主句中谓语动词mean缺少宾语，从句中的谓语动词thought of缺少主语，因此， 划线部分所需要的词既引导宾语从句，又在宾语从句中充当主语，在这种情况下，应使用 what连接句子。4. C) 题意：大多数人认为核战争是疯狂行为，但这一点并不意味着核战争不会发生。解析：“the mere fact”与that引导的从何是同位语。从句中基本成分齐全，故不能使 用 which 构成定语从句。C 正确。5. C) 题意： A

12、nne 对取得的成功感到高兴，但是不知道她的私人生活会发生什么事。解析：全句是个主从复合句，由although引出的是让步状语从句，主句中 wonder又带 有一个宾语从何。根据主句的意思空格中应填入表示疑问意思的词。C)what是答案。6. B) 题意：我们同意接受任何人，只要他们认为是最好的导游。解析：宾语从句。分析句子结构，空格处应作accept的宾语，同时作was的主语，且表示人，所以应选B 项。例如：Whoever is responsible for this will be punished. 对此事负有责任的人要受到处罚。D) whomever是whoever的宾格，相当于an

13、yone whom,在句中只能作宾 语用。例如：You may invite whomever you like. 你喜欢的任何人都可以邀请。7. A) 题意：有迹象表明，饭店越来越受到家庭的青睐。解析：同位语从何。根据旬意，从何只是对“signs”做解释说明，并未对这个词起限定修饰作用，也就是说，“signs”在从句中并不作任何成分。由此，我们可以看出这里的从旬 应该是同位语从句，而不是定语从句。所以选项A 位本题答案。8. A) 题意：交际过程的基本特征可以归结为一个问题：谁说了什么，通过何种途径，对象是谁？解析：特殊句式。本题空格处应该做句子的宾语。how 是疑问副词，不能作say 的宾语；when表示“什么时候”，不合句意；such作代词是指上下文中提到的事物，代入句中不合适。9. B)