牛津深圳版八下现在完成时专题学案及专项练习（无答案）

1、.如今完成时1、 表达和使用1.如今完成时表示过去发生的动作对如今造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到如今。如今完成时有两种用法： A.过去发生的某一动作对如今造成的影响或结果或到如今为止已经发生或完成的动作。B.表示过去发生的、持续到如今的动作或状态。2.强调过去的动作对如今产生的影响或结果They have lost the match.他们输掉了比赛Mary hasnt found the car. 玛丽还没找到她的汽车。3. 表示从过去某时开场并一直延续到如今的动作或状态，这个动作或状态也许还会持续下去，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，在肯定句、疑问句中谓语需为延续性动词。I ha

2、ve lived in Beijing since 10 years ago.自从10年前我就一直在北京生活。How long have you been away from your hometown?你分开家乡多久了？4. 表示经历或经历A.have been to表示“有到过某地的经历如今已经回来了，任何人称作主语均可。She has been to America twice.她去过美国两次。I have never been to the Great Wall.我从来没有去过长城。B.have gone to 表示“去了某地还没有回来，通常不用第一、第二人称代词作主语。Lucy do

3、esnt go to school.She has gone to America.露西没去上学。她去美国了。Jim isnt at home.He has gone to the library.吉姆不在家。他去了图书馆。5. 一般过去时和如今完成时的区别一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的事情、存在的状态或过去经常发生的动作，不强调对如今产生的影响，常与确定的过去时间状语连用。如今完成时表示发生在过去的动作对如今造成的影响或该动作一直持续到如今，不和确定的过去时间状语连用。I taught here two years ago.我两年前在这儿教书I have taught here for

4、fifteen years.我在这儿教了15年书了。 一般过去时与如今完成时的区别 前者单独谈过去，结果影响少考虑 后者今普紧相连，强调影响和经历 前者状语多特定，后者延续不确定2、 如今完成时构造 1.have/has+动词过去分词形式简写：have/has+Ved 注：第三人称单数用has A.陈述句肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词，如： I have seen the film already.我已经看过那部电影了。 She has planted a lot of trees in the past three years. 她在过去三年里已经种了好多树。 B.否认句 主语+h

5、ave/has+not+过去分词，如： I havent cleaned the room.我没有清洁那房间。 She hasnt heard from Tom.他没有收到汤姆的来信。 C.一般疑问句 Have/has+主语+过去分词+其他，如： Have you finished your homework?你完成你的作业了吗？ Has he been to Beijing?他去过北京了吗？ D.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他，如： Where have they been to twice?他们去过哪里两次？ Who have been to London

6、twice?谁去过伦敦两次？ 2.标志词 A.yet,already I have already had my breakfast.我已经吃过早餐了。 Have you already had breakfast?你吃过早餐了吗？ I havent had my breakfast yet.我仍然没有吃早餐。 因此，yet用于否认句，疑问句末 already用于肯定句，但有时也用于疑问句，表惊讶。 B.for,since for+一段时间 since+时间点 I have been in New York for 4 years.我纽约已经4年了 I arrived in New York

7、4 years ago.我四年前到纽约分清延续性动词，短暂性动词 短暂性动词所表示行为时间为短暂的，瞬间可完成的。如：buy,borrow,open,close,come,go,finish等。 延续性动词所表示行为可持续，如be,write,work,study,join,teach等。 短暂性动词也可用于如今完成时态，但不可与for,since等一定表示一段时间的时间状语连用但否认句除外，因为否认句中动词表示状态，状态可延续。否认句中侧重“不。假设要与for,since连用，那么应把短暂性动词变成相应的延续性动词。延续性动词可用于如今完成时态，可与for,since连用。要分清两类动词。动

8、词性质例词用法禁忌转化延续性动词长时间延续性动作。be,work,study,write,keep,Live,have等。既可用于如今完成时态，也与for,since连用短暂性动词短暂的，瞬间完成的动作。buy,borrow,open,close,begin,start,come,go,finish,leave,catch,join等。可用于如今完成时态，但不能与for,since连用不可与for,sincel连用buyhaveborrowkeepopenbe openedclosebe closedbegin,startbe ongo,leavebe awayfinishbe overdie

9、be died 备注：分清一下两短语的用法Have been to :曾去过某地，如今人已回来。Have gone to :去了某地，人在去的途中或在那里，没回来。e.g.:My mom has gone to the library. Have been in:在某地逗留时间有多久Have been to：曾去过某地e.g.：She has been in Hong Kong for 3days. I have ever been to Shanghai.1 单项选择 1.-How long has Robert ? -Since 2019. A.been to Beijing B.beco

10、me a doctor C.joined the club D.studied in this school 2.The musician hasnt been here . A.three weeks B.since three weeks C.for three weeks D.about three weeks 3.Both his parents look sad.Maybe they whats happened to him. A.knew B.have known C.must know D.will know 4.Zhang lan already in this school

11、 for two years. A.was studying B.will study C.has studied D.are studying 5.Hes finished his homework, ? A.isnt he B.hasnt he C.doesnt he D.wasnt he 6.- you your homework yet? -Yes.I it a moment ago. A.Did,do;finished B.Have,done;finished C.Have done;have finished D.will do;finish二、用动词的适当形式填空1.I_alre

12、ady_seethe film.I_seeit last week.2._ he _finish his work today Not yet .3._you _beto Hong Kong Yes,I _bethere twice 4.How long _the Wangs _stay here?For two weeks.5.So far I _make quite a few friends here.6.Shanghai _be a small town hundreds of years ago.Now it _ become a large city.3、 根据汉语完成句子，每空一

13、词。 1.吉姆已经完成作业了。他如今有空。 Jim his homework already. He is now. 2.我的父亲之前去过长城。 My father the Great Wall before. 3.她还没看那个新电影。 She the new film . 4.她曾经到过上海。 She Shanghai.5.他这些天去哪里了？ Where he these days？6. 自从他搬到广州，他就住这儿了。 He here he moved to Guangzhou.二、句型转换每空一词.1.I have been to Macao before.改为否认句I _ _ been to Macao before.2.He hasnt come to school because hes ill.就划线部分提问_ _ he come to school?3