中石油职称英语大纲模拟试题及答案解析

1、2015年大纲模拟试题(一) I. 单词1. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't _what color it was.A. make out B. look to C. look out D. take in2. The _of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually make jobs easier to do.A. addition B. association C. application D. affecti

2、on3. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been_.A. imposed B. exposed C. composed D. opposed4. Mr. Morgan can be very sad _, though in public he is extremely cheerful.A. in person B. in private C. by himself D. as individual5. You should these tables and buy new ones.A. throw off

3、B. throw down C. throw up D. throw away6. _ their suggestions, we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.A. In regard for B. In regard to C. With regard of D. Regardless for7. The medicine which the doctor gave her can only _her temporarily from pain.A. relax B. relieve C. relay D. release8. On

4、 cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with _ eye.A. naked B. bare C. flesh D. pure9. Many new _ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A. opportunities B. necessities C. probabilities D. realities10. The weather is highly _ at this time of the year and it

5、is hard to know what to wear.A. various B. variant C. variable D. varied11. When you go to a new country, you must _ yourself to new manners and customs.A. adopt B. fit C. suit D. adapt12. I found myself completely _by his vivid performance.A. carried out B. carried off C. carried away D. carried on

6、13. These safety measures will _ the reduction of accidents.A. give in B. result from C. result in D. originate in14. Some discussion has _about who should be put in charge of this project.A. risen B. lifted C. raised D. arisen15. _ these changes we must revise our plan.A. In the course of B. In the

7、 light of C, In spite of D. In addition to16. Although the examination he had passed was unimportant, his success_him in his later study.A. persuaded B. promised C. urged D. encouraged17. More and more cheaper materials are being _ for the better, more expensive kind in production.A. replaced B. dis

8、placed C. substituted D. transformed18. We are taking_ a collection to buy flowers for John because he is in the hospital.A. to B. up C. over D. off19. This is _the first time you have been late.A. under no circumstances B. on no accountC. by no means D. for no reason20. The taxi had to _because the

9、 traffic light had turned red.A. set up B. catch up C. shut up D. pull upII.语法Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21.

10、 So frightened _ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch.A. was the girl B. the girl was C. such a girl was D. that the girl was22. It was _then that I came to know that knowledge comes from practice.A. until B. not until C. till D. since23. Everything depends on _ we have enough time.A. i

11、f B. when C. whether D. that24. I'd just as soon _ rudely to her.A. you not speak B. your not speakingC. you didn't speak D. you hadn't spoken25. _you may be right, 1 can't altogether agree.A. As B. While C. If D. Since26.I must have eaten something wrong. I feel like _.I told you no

12、t to eat at a restaurant. You'd better _ at home.A. to throw up . to eat B. throwing up . eatingC. to throw up . eat D. throwing up . eat27. His response was _ that he didn't say yes and he didn't say no.A. so B. which C. what D. such28. _ nothing more to discuss, the CEO got to his feet

13、, said goodbye and left the meeting room. (2010年)A. There was B. Being C. There being D. As there being29. I went to my adviser to ask him what courses _.A. should I take B. must I take C. to take D. I were to take30. I have not found my book yet. I'm not sure _ I could have done with it.A. whet

14、her B. what C. why D. where31. He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there. If he hadn't seen it himself, he _ it.A. never have believed B. never did believeC. could never believe D. would never have believed32. I wish Bill would drive us to the train station but he has_to take us all.A

15、. very small a car B. too small a carC. a too small car D. such a small car33. _ the building for stolen goods, the police found twenty machine guns.A. Searching B. Being searchingC. Searched D, To search34. Not until the year of 1954 _ made the capital of this province.A. the city was B. when the c

16、ity wasC. was the city D. was when the city35. If the dog hadn't barked loudly, we _caught red-handed.A. won't have been B. needn't have beenC. mustn't have been D. shouldn't have been36. The budget they made is unrealistic_it disregards increased costs.A. for that B. for which C

17、. in that D. in which37. The Latin class had twenty students, _ had had much better language training than I.A. most of which B. which C. most of them D. most of whom38. Close the door, _?A. will you B. do you C. shall you D. don't you39. The storm_, they had to live in a cave.A. has destroyed t

18、heir hut B. to destroy their hutC. having destroyed their hut D. being destroyed40. It was going to be some time _ he would see his father again.A. since B. when C. until D. beforeIII. 阅读理解Section ADirections: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinishe

19、d statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more childr

20、en were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better

21、 dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce, A lot of

22、children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one pa

23、rent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests. Single parents often marry oth

24、er single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is ris

25、ing. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.41. To parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses, the cost of living increases because_.A. children attend school for more yearsB. children are better dressedC. children spend more money on entertainmentD. all of th

26、e above42. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents?A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn't pay much attention to children.B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children.C. Children are moved back and forth b

27、etween parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself.D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her own interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children.43. According to the author, the situations of Americ

28、an families in the future may _.A. become worse B. remain the sameC. get better D. keep unchanged44. The title of the article might be _.A. American Children B. American FamiliesC. American Mother D. American ParentsQuestions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:When I was studying at Yale, s

29、ome phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.I was impressed by the

30、 role of the professor in the seminar (讨论会). The professor didn't act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the students. One linguistic (语言的) feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal (情态的) ve

31、rbs-far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, "This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong." or "You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting." In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and

32、 correct directions. Therefore, students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question, I still remember how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese

33、 students got the answer, they were sure about it.Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same idea in their English composition. The examinations in America u

34、sually do not test a student's ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not only as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing critical thinking.45. In the USA, when the students are in class, _.A. a Chinese st

35、udent tends to be very activeB. an American student likes to make troubleC. a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacherD. an American student tends to be vigorous46. A teacher in the USA prefers to _ when he answers questions.A. be very sincere B. be very directC. be very self confident D. be very

36、 indifferent47. What is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods between China and the USA?A. He thinks that Chinese teaching methods can make students learn more.B. He holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to improve students' remembrance.C.

37、He thinks that American teaching is ability oriented.D. He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.48. The author thinks that the relationship between the student and the teacher is _.A. more intimate in China B. closer in ChinaC. looser in USA D. more harmonious in USAQuestions 49 to 52 ar

38、e based on the following passage:With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the sa

39、tellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can. The marvel of the machine a

40、ge, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations-add, subtract, multiply and divide-with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.Once it is given a "program" - that is, a carefully worke

41、d out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language - a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inven

42、tories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.Not only can the

43、 computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered "memory" machine that "has all the answers"-or almost all. Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can

44、 also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do. At times computers seem almost human. They can "read" hand printed letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called "thinking"

45、machines?Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that

46、our brains are at least 10, 000 times more complex than a computer. How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide.49. "Program" means _.A. a plan of what is to be doneB. a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time tableC. a scheduled performanceD. series of coded instructions

47、to control the operations of a computer50. The computer is a high powered "memory" machine, which _.A. has all the ready answers - or almost all to any questionsB. can remember everythingC. can store everything and work for youD. has all the answers - or almost to all the information that

48、has been stored51. "Thinking" machines suggest that _.A. they can "read" hand printed letters etcB. they really can think and do many other jobsC. they even design other computersD. they can't think, but can do something under human control52. Can computers do whatever they w

49、ant to do? Why?A. Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.B. No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.C. No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.D. No, because how a computer works is decided by human.

50、Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that goes into the dumps would be made into som

51、ething useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could

52、 be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this proje

53、ct is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and r

54、ollers break up everything that can be broken. Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the g

55、rowing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.53. The main purpose of the passage is _.A. to show us a future way of recycling wastesB. to tell the importance of recycling wastesC. to warn people the danger o

56、f some wastesD. to introduce a new recycling plant54. How many stages are there in the recycling process?A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.55. What is the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants?A. To deal with wastes in a better way.B. It's a good way to gain profits.C. It's mor

57、e economical than to dump wastes in some distant places.D. Energy can be got at a lower price.56. Which of the following statements is true?A. The word "rubbish" will soon disappear from dictionaries.B. Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy.C. To recycle paper and rubber

58、 will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods.D. Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental unit