八年级英语上册 CHAPTER ONE Water 课件 牛津深圳版

1、 Chapter 1 WaterstreamThe clouds are floating in the sky.Water freezes at 0 degrees centigrade.tapsinkdrainpipessewagesewage plantwater treatment works1 drain:1 drain: a pipe or tube to let waste water flow away a pipe or tube to let waste water flow away2 faint:2 faint: that you cannot hear/see/sme

2、ll clearly that you cannot hear/see/smell clearly3 freeze:3 freeze: become ice of solid; stop moving suddenly become ice of solid; stop moving suddenly4 impatient:4 impatient: angry at having to wait angry at having to wait5 nod:5 nod: move your head up and down to move your head up and down to show

3、 agreement show agreement6 plant:6 plant: building with machines in in building with machines in in7 precious:7 precious: very valuable very valuable8 pump:8 pump: push by machine push by machine9 relax:9 relax: rest from work rest from work10 sewage10 sewage: dirty water and waste matter: dirty wat

4、er and waste matter11 sink11 sink: a fixed basin for washing hands and face: a fixed basin for washing hands and face12 speed12 speed: move quickly: move quickly13 thorough13 thorough: complete: complete14 treatment14 treatment: something done to change : something done to change a thing/person a th

5、ing/person15 vanish15 vanish: disappear: disappear16 view16 view: what you can see from a place or a position: what you can see from a place or a position17 weird17 weird: strange: strange Fill in the blanks with proper words.Fill in the blanks with proper words.1 1 He always thinks differently from

6、 others, so He always thinks differently from others, so many many neighboursneighbours think he is a _man. think he is a _man.2 2 I bought a set of postcards with different I bought a set of postcards with different _ of London._ of London.3 3 The doctor gave him a _ The doctor gave him a _ examina

7、tion before telling him the problem.examination before telling him the problem.4 4 After a day of hard work, I need to stay at After a day of hard work, I need to stay at home and _ myself.home and _ myself.5 5 He _ to show that he agreed with me.He _ to show that he agreed with me.wierdviewsthoroug

8、hrelaxnodded Fill in the blanks with proper words.Fill in the blanks with proper words.6 We had to call a plumber to fix the blocked 6 We had to call a plumber to fix the blocked _._.7 He was so weak that he could only speak in 7 He was so weak that he could only speak in a _ voice.a _ voice.8 The t

9、rain was an hour late and the 8 The train was an hour late and the passagerspassagers became _. became _.9 Nothing is more _than 9 Nothing is more _than frendshipfrendship and love.and love.10 Can you help me to _the water form 10 Can you help me to _the water form the well?the well?drainfaintimpati

10、entpreciouspump Fill in the blanks with proper words.Fill in the blanks with proper words.11 The land itself _(up) in such low 11 The land itself _(up) in such low temperatures.temperatures.12 You must put on your coat! Its _ 12 You must put on your coat! Its _ outside!outside!1313 Water goes to a w

11、ater _plant Water goes to a water _plant before it comes to our home.before it comes to our home.1414 He is _ dangerously in his car. He is _ dangerously in his car.1515 When the _ closed down, many When the _ closed down, many factory workers lost their jobs.factory workers lost their jobs.freezesf

12、reezingtreatmentspeedingplant A A 1 faint1 faint2 nodded2 nodded3 treatment3 treatment4 sewage4 sewage5 plant5 plant6 pump6 pump7 weird7 weird B B a something done to change a something done to change a person or thinga person or thing b b push(bypush(by machine) machine) c difficult to hear c diffi

13、cult to hear d very strange d very strange e e moved her head up and downmoved her head up and down f f buidlingbuidling containing containing machinesmachines g waste matter and dirty water g waste matter and dirty waterPeter is talking to Judy about the story. He wants to find out the reasons for

14、some things. Read what Peter says and complete Judys reasons. Put one word in each blank.1 Why was the voice impatient?1 Why was the voice impatient? BecauseBecause Daisy was Daisy was wasting waterwasting water. .2 Why did Daisy nod her head?2 Why did Daisy nod her head? BecauseBecause she she knew

15、 where the knew where the DongjiangDongjiang River River was.was.3 Why did the water go to a treatment 3 Why did the water go to a treatment works?works? BecauseBecause it it was dirty after itswas dirty after its journey. journey.4 Why did the water say, “ I will be back in 4 Why did the water say,

16、 “ I will be back in the sea again?the sea again?BecauseBecause it it came fromcame from the sea the sea in the firstin the first place.place.5 Why did the water say it was like liquid 5 Why did the water say it was like liquid gold?gold? Because Because it believed that it believed that it was prec

17、iousit was precious. .6 Why did Daisys brother think she was6 Why did Daisys brother think she was weird? weird? Because Because she said, she said, I was talking toI was talking to the water. the water. The map on the The map on the right shows the right shows the waters journey. waters journey. Re

18、ad the article Read the article and mark the and mark the names of the names of the different places different places on the map.on the map.cloudstreamThe Dongjiang Riverreservoirwater treament workssewage plantthe seaHow many places did the drop of water travel?What did it do or what was done to it

19、 there?Read the text carefully and finish the chart about the waters journey.Where?What was done there?1 In Yunan2 mountain-DongjiangRiver3 reservoir4 water treatment works 125 under the street6 bathroom7 a sewage plant1 2 8 the seawill rise from the sea to the skyfloated comfortably in a clouddropp

20、ed into a stream and sped downrelaxed for a few daysgiven a thorough cleaninga few chemicals were addedtraveled in the pipescame out of the tapcleaned uppumped into the riverWater was pouring into the sink and vanishing down the drain.Look at the pictures and find a sentence from the text:I was floa

21、ting comfortably in a cloud in Yunnan.I was dropped into a steam by the cloud.I was carried to a reservoir.I relaxed there for a few days.I was given a thorough cleaning.1 1 刷牙刷牙2 2 关水龙头关水龙头3 3 四周看四周看4 4 欣赏风景欣赏风景5 5 飞流下山飞流下山6 6 水厂水厂7 7 彻底清洁彻底清洁8 8 添加添加9 9 污水处理厂污水处理厂1010最初最初1 brush one1 brush ones te

22、eths teeth2 turn the tap off/ 2 turn the tap off/ turn off the tap turn off the tap3 look round/ look 3 look round/ look aroundaround4 enjoy the view4 enjoy the view5 speed down the 5 speed down the mountainmountain6 water treatment works6 water treatment works7 a thorough cleaning7 a thorough clean

23、ing8 add to8 add to9 9 a sewage planta sewage plant1010 in the first place in the first place1111旅行的结束旅行的结束12 12 液体金子液体金子1313等一会等一会1414摇头摇头15 15 一升液体一升液体16 16 从出来从出来1717从下水道消失从下水道消失1818是的时候了是的时候了11 the end of the journey11 the end of the journey12 liquid gold12 liquid gold13 wait a minute13 wait a m

24、inute14 shake one14 shake ones heads head15 a 15 a litrelitre of liquid of liquid16 come out of16 come out of17 vanish down the drain17 vanish down the drain18 It18 Its time to dos time to do Listen to the Listen to the coins story. coins story. Number the Number the pictures.pictures.123456781Hi! I

25、 am a one-1Hi! I am a one-yuanyuan coin! I was born in a coin! I was born in a mint. That is where new money is made. mint. That is where new money is made. I was lovely and shiny then. I was with I was lovely and shiny then. I was with lots of other coins.lots of other coins.2 They put me in a bag

26、and took me to a 2 They put me in a bag and took me to a bank. I sat in that bag at the bank for a bank. I sat in that bag at the bank for a few days.few days.3 Then a cashier at the bank gave 3 Then a cashier at the bank gave me to a customer. He needed me to a customer. He needed some bags of coin

27、s for his shop.some bags of coins for his shop.4 That man had a cake shop. He gave 4 That man had a cake shop. He gave me to a woman. She was buying me to a woman. She was buying some cakes. She gave him 50 some cakes. She gave him 50 yuanyuan. . I I wqaswqas part of her change. part of her change.5

28、 That woman put me in her purse. 5 That woman put me in her purse. But later, she dropped her purse on But later, she dropped her purse on the ground, and I rolled away. She the ground, and I rolled away. She found her other money, but she did found her other money, but she did not find me.not find

29、me.6 I stayed on the road for a long time. I 6 I stayed on the road for a long time. I got very dirty. Then an old man found got very dirty. Then an old man found me. He was very happy to see me!me. He was very happy to see me!7 The old man took me to a food stall. 7 The old man took me to a food st

30、all. He bought some food and gave me to He bought some food and gave me to your mother. She gave me to you as your mother. She gave me to you as pocket money.pocket money.8 Then you washed me to make me 8 Then you washed me to make me clean again. I felt so happy that I clean again. I felt so happy

31、that I decided to tell you my story!decided to tell you my story!概念理解概念理解 谓语动词的语态表示句子的主语和谓语动作之间的关系。 （1）当句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者时，主、谓之间的关系称为主动语态； （2）当句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者时，主、谓之间的关系称为被动语态。例如：He teaches us English. （主动语态）他教我们英语。Our English is taught by him. （被动语态）我们的英语是由他教的。He speaks English. （主动语态）他说英文。English is sp

32、oken in many countries all over the world. （被动语态）世界许多国家都讲英语。 在被动语态的句子中，谓语部分的结构是be + 过去分词。被动语态的句子有时态的变化，这个变化反映在be动词上。也就是说，把一个句子做成被动语态的句子，只需要写出be动词的所需时态，再加上所给动词的过去分词就行了。当然，这只是指谓语部分而言。我们知道，be动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词（being）和过去分词 （been）。那么，下面我们来看看be在各种时态中的变化形式：被动语态的结构被动语态的结构主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态否定式被动语态否定式一般现在

33、时一般现在时I tellI am toldI am not told一般过去时一般过去时I toldI was toldI was not told一般将来时一般将来时I will tellI will be toldI wont be told现在进行时现在进行时Im tellingI am being toldI am not being told现在完成时现在完成时I have toldI have been toldI havent been told例如：例如： 1. English is spoken in New Zealand. 2. I wasnt invited, but

34、Ive come anyway. 3. It is going to be made by him. 4. He will be told later on. 5.The building has been built for three years.6.The dishes can be washed in half an hour.7. My car is being repaired.English is spoken in many countries all over the world .（一般现在时）世界上许多国家都讲英文。Some TV sets for sale in the

35、 department store were stolen last night. （一般过去时）那家商场用来出售的部分电视机昨晚被盗。He wont be allowed to marry Larra by his father. （一般将来时）他父亲不会让他娶拉拉为妻的。They would be sent to the army when they finished the training. （过去将来时）他们结束训练时将被派往部队。The project is being carried out.（现在进行时）这个计划正在执行中。The case was being investig

36、ated then.（过去进行时）那时这案子正在调查中。This novel has been translated into several languages. （现在完成时）这本小说已被译成了几种语言。They said that production costs had been reduced.（过去完成时）他们说生产成本已经下降了。一般来说，在我们日常生活中，能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：(1) 不清楚动作的执行者是谁, 例如:The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.

37、昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(2) 说话人对宾语的兴趣大于对主语的兴趣（这时可用by引导 出动作的执行者），例如： My TV set is being repaired in the shop. 我的电视机正在这店里修。(3) 出于修辞的原因，或是说为了更好地安排句子。几种特殊的被动结构几种特殊的被动结构 (1) 关于带情态动词的被动结构 带情态动词的被动结构的固定句式为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。例如：The debt must be paid off before next month. 那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。Oil can be turned into energy by

38、 burning it. 油经过燃烧可变为能源。(2) 关于带有两个宾语的主动态变成被动态 我们先来看看“带有两个宾语的主动态句子的结构”，重点看谓语部分 ： She sent me a novel on my birthday . 主 谓 间接宾语 直接宾语 状语 I allowed him an hour to finish the work . 主 谓 间接宾语 直接宾语 状语She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主动) I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动)A novel was sent to me on m

39、y birthday. (被动)My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (主动) I was bought a watch yesterday. (被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.(被动)几种特殊的被动结构几种特殊的被动结构 (3) 关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态 如果将带有复合宾语（既：宾语 + 宾语补足语）的主动态的句子变成被动态的句子，我们只能选择原来句子的宾语作被动态句子的主语例如：The story made us laugh .We were made to lau

40、gh by the story. They asked me to help them. I was asked to help them. We saw them coming over. They were seen coming over. 几种特殊的被动结构几种特殊的被动结构 巩固练习巩固练习( ) 1The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. a

41、re spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are u

42、sed D. have usedBDDDC巩固练习巩固练习( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been

43、built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being publish

44、ed D. has been publishedBCBBCA1. A lot of books _ in English. A. are written B. are writing C. have written2. Our school library _ in 1990. A. was building B. was built C. built3. Have you moved into the new house? -Not yet. The rooms _. A. are being painted B. are repaired C. have been painted4. En

45、glish _ almost in all the schools in China. A. taught B. is taught C. is teaching5. The photo of the new hospital in my hometown _ last summer. A. took B. is taken C. was taken6. The trees in the forest _. A. can be not cut B. not can be cut C. can not be cut7. Middle schoolboys _ not to smoke. A. a

46、lways B. are told always C. are always toldABABCCC巩固练习巩固练习 主动语态改被动语态的原则主动语态改被动语态的原则1. 主动句主动句= 主语主语 + 及物动词及物动词 + 宾语宾语被动句被动句= 主语主语 +be + p.p.+ by 宾语宾语e.g.HelovesherSheis lovedby him.Mary wrote two letters. Two letters were written by Mary. 主动语态改被动语态步骤如下：主动语态改被动语态步骤如下：（1）主动句的）主动句的宾语宾语变成被动句的变成被动句的主语主语。（

47、如为代词改为主格）。（如为代词改为主格）（2）将主动句的）将主动句的动词动词改为改为 be + p.p 。被动句的。被动句的 be 动词时态同于动词时态同于 及物动词的时态，及物动词的时态，be 动词的人称、数同于被动句的人称、数。动词的人称、数同于被动句的人称、数。（3）主动句的）主动句的主语主语，置于，置于 by 之后。（如为代词改为宾格）之后。（如为代词改为宾格） 被动语态的句型：被动语态的句型：(1) 肯定句肯定句 The room is cleaned by us everyday.(2) 否定句否定句 The room is not cleaned by us every day.

48、(3) 疑问句疑问句 Is the room cleaned every day?(4) 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 What is the dress made of?III. 几种特殊类型的被动句：几种特殊类型的被动句：1. “ S + V. + O1 + O2 ” 的被动语态：的被动语态： My husband gave me a ring. I was given a ring by my husband.A ring was given to me by my husband.2. 含含“感官或使役动词感官或使役动词”的被动语态：的被动语态：主语主语 + be seen heard + t

49、o do felt made I saw him enter the room.= He was seen to enter the room.I made him go.= He was made to go (by me).3. 带补足语句子的被动语态：带补足语句子的被动语态：They call him Bob. = He is called Bob (by him).4. 不及物动词不及物动词+介词介词=及物动词的被动语态：及物动词的被动语态：Mary laughed at me. = I was laughed at by Mary.She took care of the children.= The children were took care of by her.1. People have put back parts of 1. People have put back parts of statues together.statues together.Parts of statues Parts of statues have been