不定代词用法及练习

1、不定代词的用法不定代词包括：复合不定代词和兼作形容词的不定代词1 .复合不定代词：-body,-one,-thing;some-,any-,every-,no-Some-:someone,somebody,something.Any-:anyone,anybody,anything.Every-:everyone,everybody,everything.No-:noone,none,nobody,nothing.例子：(1)something和somebody可以表示某人,有人Ineedsomeone/somebodytohelpmeHasanyone/anybodyeverheardofs

2、uchathing?(2)Anybody和anyone在否认句及疑问句中用上,也可表示肯定句中的任何人Ididntknowanyone/anybodyattheparty.Anyonecanseethroughyou.Shefeltthatshecoulddoitbetterthananyoneelse.(3)everyone与everybody表示每个人,与not连用表示局部否认,Everyone/Everybodypresentlaughed,includingme.Noteveryone/everybodycanworkoutthisproblemEveryone/Everybodyca

3、ntbegoodatpaintingEveryone与everyoneEveryone指的是每个人,不指物后面不能加of短语Everyone可指人和物,后面可以跟of短语Iseveryoneheretoday?Hisbooksarewonderful.Ihavereadeveryoneofthem.(4)something与anything共同点：都可以表示某物,某事Something用于肯定句中,anything用于在疑问句中Anything,用于在肯定句中表示任何事物,在否认句中任何事物都没有Theysawsomethinginthesky.Isthereanythingspecialyo

4、uwanttodoorseeinBejing?YoucanbuyanythingyouwantSoIdonteatanythingthatsbeencookedinoil.(5)everything与nothingPeterlovesdreamingabouteverythig.Alicehadnothingtodo.PS:不定代词后面加形容词：Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus?Ihavenothingimportanttodealwithnow.(6)nodody与nooneNobody/NooneknowsthesecretIhavenoone/no

5、bodytotalkto.PS:Somebody与nobody作名词表示：是个人物,无名小卒,小人物Iwasnothingandnobodywitheverythingtoprove.Heissomedodyinthecity.all,another,any,both,each,either,few,little,many,much,neither,other,some.2兼作形容词的不定代词；Some与anySome修饰可数名词复数与不可数名词,表示一些,在肯定句中Any在于否认句,疑问句和条件句之中.SomeofthesesingerswereabletosingEnglishsongsj

6、ustaswellasnativespeakers.Therearentanyastronautsinthespacecraft.Arethereanygoodmuseumsinthecity?PS:在wolud开头的请求疑问句中用someWouldyoulikesomecoffee?Any在肯定句中表示任何一个,任何一些Youcanbuythisbookatany在否认句中notany表示noYoucanbuythisbookatanybookstoreinourcity.Therearentanybusesaftermidnight.Therearenobusesaftermidnight

7、.Some表示某个,修饰单数可数名词.Somepersonisaskingtoseeyou.2 2)many,much,few,afew,little,alittle修饰或指代可数名词Many许多Few很少Afew几个修饰或指代不可数名词Much许多Little很少Alittle少许PS：Many与much的区别Many修饰或指代可数名词的复数Much修饰或者指代不可数名词Much/many+of+限定词the或者形容词性物主代词+名词/代词：不定代词+of+限定词+名词/代词,表示.中的很多Englishcanhelpusunderstandmanybooksandmovies.Youare

8、afraidoftoomuchhomework.Howmanyofyouhaveworkedoutthisproblem?Muchofhermoneywasspentonclothes.few,afew；little,alittleFew是many的反义词,表示很少,具有否认意义；afew表示“一些,几个,具有肯定意义,二者用来修饰或者指代可数名词的复数little是much的反义词,表示很少,具有否认意义；alittle表示少许,具有肯定意义,二者用来指代和修饰不可数名词.Therewerefewpeoplelivingthere.Itspolitetotakeafewflowersasag

9、ift.Thereislittletimeleft.ShecanspeakalittleChinese.PS:onlyafew意思为仅几个；Onlyalittle意思为仅一点儿Notafew表示不少；notalittle意思为很多Onlyafewkilometers.IcanspeakonlyalittleEnglish.Ihavemadenotafewgoodfriendshere.Iamsorrytogiveyounotalittletrouble.Alittle与abit都可以指代不可数名词alittle后面直接加名词,abit+of+名词notalittle十分,非常notabit一点

10、也不Heisnotalittleangry.他非常生气Heisnotabitangry.他一点也不生气(3)alleach与everynone【1】All作代词时,修饰或指代可数名词复数,指三者或三者以上的人或事.修饰或指代不可数名词,指“一切Allarehere.Soletsgetstarted.Ibroughtallofthem.Shehadreadthemall.Hecalledupallhisfriendsandtoldthemabouttheproblems.Hehasrunoutofallthemoney.PS:作否认时,局部否认,表示并非所有的Notallofusagreedto

11、theplan.Allofusdonotagreetotheplan.(我们并非都同意这个方案)Noneofusagreetotheplan.【2】each可作主语,宾语,定语,同位语；后加of的时候假设作主语,后面谓语动词用单数Eachoftheanswersisright.Weeachhaveourowncar.=Eachofushasourowncar.【3】every从整体的角度说明,用于三者或者三者以上的场合,只能作定语,修饰可数名词单数,在every+名词中,谓语动词用单数.EverystudentintheclasslikesEnglish.【4】none只起指代作用,作主语,宾

12、语,表语,意思是“没有一点儿None可以与of连用,作主语时.假设指代可数名词,那么谓语单复数皆可；假设指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数.Nonehave/hasarrived.Noneofthemspeak(s)English.PS:noone指的人,不加ofNone既可以指人也可以指的物,既可指代可数名词,也可指代不可数名词noone是又twho的答复none是又hhowmany,howmuch的答复eg:Whotoldyouthenews?Noone.Howmuchmoneyhaveyougotonyou?None.Howmanystudenthavesignedtojointheclu

13、b?None(4)botheither与neitherBoth表示两者都,修饰或者指代可数名词的复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数Either表示两者中的一个,neither表示两者都不,做主语时,谓语动词用单数.BothofuswanttogoBothherchildrengotothesameschool.Eitherofyoucoulddoit.Ithinkeithermethodwillwork.DidyouseePeterandMike?No,Isawneitherofthem.Neitheransweriscorrect.PS：both表示否认的时候是局部否认,“两者并不都Bothmy

14、parentsarenotformyplan.我父母并不都支持我的方案.Notbothmyparentsareformyplan.我父母并不都支持我的方案.Neithermyparentsisformyplan.我父母都不支持我的方案.Both作同位语在实义动词之前,在系动词,be动词和情态动词之后.Webothwenttothecinemalastnight.Areyourparentsbothteachers.Yes.Theybothare.Thecouplehavebothlivedhereforyears.Either与neitherIfyoudontgo,Iwont,either.(

15、neitherwillI)Youcouldborrowsomemoneyfromyourbrother.No,hedoesnthaveanymoney,either.(5)another,other(s),theother(s)Another表示另一个,指代或者修饰可数名词的单数,Another后有few或者是大于一的基数词的时候,可以接可数名词的复数.Icantgototheparty,maybeanothertime.Idontlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.Youhadbetterstayathospitalforanotherfewdays.Hewill

16、bebackinanothertendays.Other泛指其他的,不能单独用,只能修饰名词Others=other+可数名词复数,泛指另一些,与some一起连用.GivemesomeotherexamplesSomeboysareplayingfootball,andothersareplayingbaskerball.Theother指的是两者中的另一个,局部可以单独用,也可以后面接到名词Theothers=theother+可数名词的复数一定范围内其余的人或者是物Hehastwosons,oneisadoctor,andtheotherisasoldier.Ontheothersideo

17、fthestreet,thereisasupermarket.Ihavegottenpencils.Twoofthemarered,theothersareblue.(6)one的用法不定彳词one既可以指人也可以指代物,只能单独使用.复数形式用ones,所有格为ones,反身代词用oneself.&one只能代替前面已经出现过的可数名词单数,为防止重复复数ones代替可数名词的复数,泛指某些人,某些物.Hispenwasbroken,sosheneededanewone.Iwantlargerones,notsmallones.&one或者ones前面有the,this,that,these

18、,those等时,特指某些人,某些物.Whichwoman?Theoneintheredcoat.Thewoolenonesarehangingthere.t.几组常用不定代词的区别：1.代词比拟one,that和itone表示泛指,指名称相同的另一物,或所提到的人或物中的一个.that和it表示特指.that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it与所指名词为同一个.Icantfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.ThehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthatIbought.Icantfindmyhat.IdontknowwhereIputit.?用法代名词形

19、容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人,其他人another(boy)另一个(男孩)other(boys)其他男孩特定theother另一个theothers其余那些人、物theother(boy)另一个男孩theother(boys)其余那些男孩1)other可以作形容词用,后面可以跟单数或复数名词,意思是“其他的、别的.Wherearehisotherbooks?Ihaventanyotherbooksexceptthisone.2) other也可以用作代词,与冠词the连用构成theother,表示两个人或物中的“另一个.常与one搭配构成“one.,theoth

20、er.句型.Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.3) other作代词用时,可以有复数others,泛指另外的人或物.常与some搭配构成some.,others.句型.Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.4) “theothers表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物.Wegothomeby4ocloc

21、k,buttheothersdidntgetbackuntil8oclock.InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.5) another可以作形容词用,修饰后面的名词,意为“另一个,还可以跟代词one.Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,cantyou?Marydoesntwanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?6) )another也可以作代词用,表示“另一个.ImstillhungryafterIvehadthiscake.Pleasegivemean

22、other.5. every和each的用法1) every强调全体的概念,each强调个体概念.Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook.2) every指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物(含两个).3) every不可以作状语,each可作状语.4) every有反复重复的意思,如everytwoweeks等；each没有.5) every与not连用,表示局部否认；each和not连用表示全部否认.Everymanisnothonest.Eachmanisnothonest.6. all和b

23、oth的用法.1） all和both都表示整体,但all者指三者以上.both者八指两者.在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语.AllofuslikeMr.Pope.我们都喜欢Pope先生.作主语=WealllikeMr.Pope.作同位语Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.作主语Thatsallfortoday.作表语Whynoteatallofthefish?作宾语Alltheleadersarehere./Allknowledgecomesfrompractice.作定语2） both和all加否认词是局部否认.如果表示全部否认,要分别用neither和noneBot

24、hofusarenotgoodatsinging.I._.Neitherofusisgoodatsinging.AAlloftheteachersarenotforeigners._Noneoftheteachersareforeigners.注意：all与none用法一样.跟单数名词,用单数动词；跟复数名词,用复数动词.Allofthestudentsarethere.Allofthemilkisthere.7. neither与nor的用法1） 如前句是否认式从句,那么主句用neither,而不用nor.Ifyoudontdoit,neithershouldI.如果你不干,我也不干.2如后

25、连续有几个否认句式,那么用nor,不用neitheroHecantsing,nordance,norskate.8. neither和either的用法1） neither表示两者都不,neithernor意为既不又不.either表示两者中的任何一个,eitheror意为或是,或是Neitheroftheanswerisright.Ihaveneithertimenormoneytotakeatrip.Eithersentenceisright.Youcaneithergoorstay.9. many,much的用法Many,much都意为许多,many+可数名词,much+不可数名词.Ho

26、wmanypeoplearethereatthemeeting?Manyoftheworkerswereatthemeeting.10. .anyone/anyone；noone/none的用法1) anyone和anyoneanyone仅指人,anyone既可指人,也可指物.2) noone和nonea) none后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而noone只单独使用,只指人.b) none作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而noone作主语谓语动词只能是单数.Noneofyoucouldliftit,你们中没有人可举起它.-Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?-刚刚有人打给我吗

27、？Noone.-o11、代词it的用法：1)指代前面提到过的事物.如：Ofcourse,Ilovejunkfoodtoo,butItrytoeatitonlyonceaweek.2)用来代替指示代词this或that.如：-Whatsthis?-Itsapencil.3)指婴儿或不明身份的人.如：Someoneisknockingatthedoor,pleasegoandseewhoitis.4)指时间和季节.如：-Whatsthetimenow?-Itstenoclock.5)表天气.如：-Whatstheweatherliketoday?-Itssunny.6)表距离.如：Howfaris

28、itfromyourhometoyourschool?7)用作形式主语,常用于以下句型中：a. Itisadj.+(forsb)todosth.如：Itisimportantforustoworkhard.b. Itstimetodo/for/that如：Ittimetogetup/forlunch/fthatwewenthome.c. ItseemsthatItseemsthatheisquitehappy.d. ItsonesturntodoItyourturntoanswermyquestion.e. It+adj.+that如：Itnecessarythatyoushouldbepre

29、sentatthemeeting.8)作形式宾语.如：Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline?9)引导强调句型Itis/was+被强调局部+that/who+其他成分.如：Itwasyesterdaythatwewenttoseeafilm.稳固练习：I.Choosethebestanswer()1.Thisisaveryoldsong,soyoungpeopleknowit.A:fewB:littlec:afewD:alittle()2.Thetwofishermensawintheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A:

30、somethingstrangeB:anythingstrangeC:strangesomethingD:strangeanything()3.Therearentmanyorangeshere,butyoucantakeifyouwantto.A:fewB:afewC:alittleD:little()4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersandarementeachers.A:theotherB:theothersC:othersD:other()5.Mysportsshoesaretoosmall.I

31、wanttobuypair.A:theothersB:theotherC:otherD:another()6.Ididntlikethecrosstalk.oftheactorswasfunny.A:BothB:AllC:NeitherD:Either()7.ofushasreadthestory.A:SomeB:BothC:AllD:None()8.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,likeballgames.A:theothersB:othersC:theotherD:other()9

32、.Therearemanyhigh-risesonsideofHuaihaiRoad.Whatamagnificentview!A:eitherB:neitherC:bothD:all()10.ShanghaiWaihuantunnelisalreadyopentotraffic,soitwilltakeustimetogotoPudongInternationalAirport.A:afewB:fewerC:alittleD:less()11.Notlongago,ourcountrysetuparocketwithtwosmallsatellitesintospace.Oneweighed

33、204kilosand25kilos.A:anotherB:otherC:othersD:theother()12.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldeatfastfood,freshvegetablesandtakeenoughexercise.A:fewer;fewerB:less;moreC:fewer;moreD:less;less()13.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworld-famoussportsstars.ofthemhavesetagoodexampletous.A:AllB:NeitherC:BothD:None()14.Mr.Sm

34、ithisquitebusytoday.Hehasmeetingstoattend.A:littleB:alittleC:fewD:afew().15.Obeythetrafficrulesandlearntoprotectyourself.ismoreimportantthanlife.A:NothingB:SomethingC:EverythingD:Anything()16.Canwedoourworkbetterwithmoneyandpeople?A:less,fewB:less,fewerC:little;,lessD:few,less()17.HehastwoflatsinLon

35、don.However,isnew.A:bothB:neitherC:allD:none()18.Thereiswithyourwatch.Itgetsslowereveryday.A:nothingwrongB:somethingwrongC:wrongsomethingD:wrongnothing()19.Itseemsthathehasgottoshowus.Letsgoandenjoyit.A:somethinginterestingB:interestingsomethingC:nothingsomethingD:interestingnothing()20.ofyouranswer

36、isright.Pleasetryathirdtime.A:NeitherB:NoneC:EitherD:Both()21.KathyAliceathomelastSunday.A:Neither,nor,wereB:Both,and,wasC:Either,or,wasD:Notonly,butalso,were()22.ofthewinnershasbeenawardedaprize.A:EveryB:everyoneC:EachD:Both()23.Thereisinkinmypen.Wouldyougiveme?A:little,alittleB:alittle,littleC:few

37、,afewC:afew,few()24.Thedaysinwinterareshorterthaninsummer.A:thoseB:thatC:theseD:them()25.TheydontgotoEuropeforholiday,.A:neitherwillweB:neitherdoweC:sowillweD:sowewill()26.Itmustbeyourfirsttimetomeeteachother.Letmedotheintroduction.isMr.Smith.A:HeB:ThereC:ThisD:That()27.Imhungry.Iwanttoeat.cando.A:s

38、omething,SomethingB:anything,AnythingC:something,AnythingD:anything,Something()28.ofuslikesthissonginourclass.A:NoneB:NooneC:AllD:Both()29.Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.ofthemarenowinJapan.A:BothB:EveryoneC:EitherD:All()30.Isthereanywaterinthebottle?No,.A:noneB:nothingC:notmanyD:quiteafew()31.Herworkis

39、betterthaninourclass.A:anyoneB:anyonesC:anyoneselseD:anyoneelses()32.Whichdoyouprefer,theredoneorthegreenone?A:NoneB:AnyC:EitherD:Every()33.isinterestedinsuchasillyplay.A:NooneB:NoneofusC:AllofusD:Wealln.Rewritethesentencesasrequired1. BothTomandTimaregoodatsports.(改为否认句)TomTimgoodatsports.2. Thispr

40、oblemissodifficultthatnobodycanworkitout.(保持原意)Thisproblemisdifficultforto.workout.3. Allofthemareteachers.(改为否认句)ofthemateacher.4. Thisansweriswrong.Thatanswerisalsowrong.(保持句意)_thisanswerthatoneisright.三、用some,any,no,every与thing,one,body构成的复合不定代词填空.1. Dontworry.Thereiswrongwithyou.2. Ifyoudonttell

41、aboutit,willknow.3. Canyouhear?Yes,butIcantsed.4. Pleasegetreadyatonce.Wellgoatnineoclock.5. Wouldyouliketoeat?6. Istherehere?Iwantsomehelp.7. Listen!iscoming.8. wasinterestedinthegame.历年中考真题回忆：1. Wow!Youvegotsomanyclothes.-Butofthemareinfashionnow.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none2. Charleswasaloneathome,withlookingafterhim.A.someoneB.AnyoneC.notoneD.noone3. Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidntanswerofthem.AotherBanyCnoneDsome4. TheCDs