Unit3PeriodFour

1、Period FourProject.重点单词1favour n赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒2income n收入，收益3frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐frightened adj.受惊吓的，害怕的frightening adj.令人害怕的4profit n利润，收益；vi.& vt.获益；对有用5permission n准许，许可，批准permit v允许，许可；n.通行证；许可证.重点短语1in favour of支持，赞同2point of view观点3meet/satisfy ones needs满足某人的需要4be limited to局限于5have an

2、effect/effects on对产生影响/起作用.重点句式1部分否定Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.并非所有对自然来说是最好的就意味着对人类来说也是好的。2it作形式主语It is mankinds responsibility to find answers that are good for everyone，and everything.找出对任何人、任何事物都有益的解决方案，这是人类的责任。3否定副词位于句首的倒装Nowhere is this truer than with genetically

3、 modified (GM) food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。.课文阅读理解1Our natural resources have been seriously affected because .Apeople develop nature to meet their needsBpeople endlessly overdevelop Earths resourcesCmany nations are engaged in developing natureDmany poor nations must focus on meeting the everyday needs of th

4、eir people答案B2If we focus only on environmental conservation，people may .Arebel Bapprove Cbenefit Dsuffer答案D3Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?AMany people believe that technology and mankind are destroying nature.BWe are moving towards an important point of understanding in o

5、ur relationship with nature.CMany poor countries are using up natural resources at a fast rate.DHumans can only really win by developing nature.答案D.课文阅读填空Man and natureParagraphGeneral Idea1Natural 1.resources have been seriously affected by carelessness.2Different 2.attitudes towards the problem.3H

6、umans are moving towards an important point in the 3.relationship with nature.4Humans can only really win by 4.protecting nature.课文阅读简答A阅读课文Man and nature回答问题1What have people done to nature?They have harmed nature through agriculture，fishing，hunting and tourism.2If we continue in this way，what migh

7、t happen?The planet we live on might be destroyed.3What are developed nations concerned about now?Now they are concerned about saving nature.4What are poorer nations doing now and whats their purpose for doing so?They are using up natural resources at a fast pace to meet the everyday needs of their

8、people.B阅读课文GM food：hope or danger？回答问题5What are peoples different attitudes towards the study of genetics?Many people are excited，while others are frightened.6Why do many countries hesitate to permit the production of GM food?Because they are not sure whether GM food is safe.重点词汇1Would anyone say t

9、hat development should be stopped in favour of nature?难道我们为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？in favour of支持，赞同in sb.s favour有利于某人，有助于某人ask sb.a favourask a favour of sb.向某人求助do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人的忙(1)The exchange rate is in our favour at the moment.目前汇率对我们有利。(2)Will you do me a favour/do a favour for m

10、e to carry the box？你能帮我拿那个盒子吗？单项填空(3)Although this product is environmental protection，few people show interest in it because of its high price.(2019·常熟高二期中)Ain terms of Bin favour ofCon account of Din response to答案B解析句意为：尽管这个产品是有利于环保的，但是很少人对它感兴趣因为它的价格非常高。in terms of就而言；in favour of有利于；on accou

11、nt of由于，因为；in response to对作出回应；根据句意，故选B项。2From the point of view of some people，we are only doing what humans have always done，using nature to meet our own needs.根据有些人的观点，我们现在只是在做人类一直在做的事，利用自然来满足我们自己的需求。point of view观点，看法to the point恰当，中肯off the point离题be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事There is no p

12、oint (in) doing.做没有意义。(1)Im afraid what youre saying now is off the point.恐怕你现在所说的有些离题。(2)I was on the point of watching TV when the door bell rang.我正要看电视这时门铃响了。单项填空(3)With many major economic problems to be addressed，there is no point the growth rate of this year now.(2019·宝应安宜高级中学高二期中)Aremain

13、ed；evaluatingBremaining；to evaluateCremaining；evaluatingDremained；to evaluate答案C解析句意为：因为有许多主要的经济问题有待于处理，现在来评估今年的增长率是没有意义的。there is no point (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义，排除B，D两项；再根据前面remain 是不及物动词，没有被动语态，非谓语动词只能用主动形式来表示被动。故选C项。meet/satisfy ones needs满足某人的需要meet/satisfy the needs of sb.满足某人的需要in need of需要in

14、 great need急需make ends meet使收支相抵(4)This will satisfy/meet the needs of our customers.这将满足我们客户的需要。(5)The factory is in great need of funds.那家工厂急需资金。单项填空(6)Many universities throughout the world provide scholarships for students financial aid.(2019·南通高二检测)Ain favour of Bin need ofCin face of Din

15、honour of答案B解析句意为：世界各地的许多大学为需要财政援助的学生提供奖学金。此处指需要财政援助，in need of需要，故选B项。3While many people are excited about these new technologies，these same technologies frighten others.当许多人为这些新技术而兴奋不已时，这些同样的技术也让其他人害怕。(1)frighten vt.吓唬，使害怕frighten o doing sth.恐吓某人做某事frighten off吓跑(2)frightening adj.吓人的(3)fri

16、ghtened adj.受惊吓的，感到害怕的be frightened by被吓到be frightened to death吓得要命；被吓坏(1)He frightened the old man into giving him all the money.他恐吓那位老人把所有的钱都给了他。(2)The little child was frightened by the fierce dog.那个小孩被恶狗吓坏了。单项填空(3)When the children heard the story，they were half to death.Ascary；frighteningBfrigh

17、tening；scaredCscared；scaryDfrightened；frightening答案B解析句意为：当孩子们听到可怕的故事时吓得半死。scary，frightening都表示“吓人的，令人害怕的”；frightened，scared都表示“感到害怕的”，故选B。(4)Seeing a stranger with a knife in his hand，the little girl stood under the tree， out of her mind.(2019·南通中学高二期中)Afrightened Bbe frightenedCto be frighten

18、ed Dfrightening答案A解析句意为：看到手里拿着刀的陌生人，小女孩站在树下，吓得心慌意乱。这里the little girl与frighten之间为被动关系，故用过去分词frightened，故选A项。4Research has been limited to increasing production profits，rather than making sure that GM foods are safe.目前的研究只局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。(1)limit vt.限制；n.C限度，限制limit.to.把限定在be limited to局限于Ther

19、e is a limit to.是有限度的。(2)limited adj.有限的(3)limitless adj.无限制的，无止境的(4)limitation n限制；局限(1)The teacher limited his students to 500 words for their compositions.老师把学生的作文限制在500字以内。(2)There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.我们能忍受的疼痛是有限度的。单项填空(3)Unfortunately，the research was limited increasing

20、 economic profits， protecting the environment.Ato；other than Bby；rather thanCto；rather than Dby；more than答案C解析句意为：不幸的是，这项研究只局限于增加经济利益，而不是保护环境。be limited to局限于；rather than而不是，否定后者，故选C项。(4)They have a 22：00 .That is，they have to be in their dorm by 22：00 on school nights.(2019·扬州中学高二期中)Alimit Ben

21、tryCschedule Dblock答案A解析句意为：他们的时间限制是22：00；也就是说，他们在上学的晚上22：00 之前必须到宿舍。limit限制，符合题意，故选A项。5No one knows what effects the GM material might have on the food chain.没有人知道转基因物质会给食物链带来什么影响。have an effect/effects on.对产生影响/起作用come into/take effect生效；奏效bring/o effect实行；实施；使生效/起作用in effect事实上(1)Our effor

22、ts are beginning to take effect.我们的努力开始见成效了。(2)In effect，we feel superior to them.实际上，我们觉得比他们优秀。(3)They think it isnt the right time to put/bring the nuclear program into effect.他们认为实施核计划还不到时候。单项填空(4)For years scientists have been worried about the of air pollution on the earths natural conditions.A

23、effect BresultCaccount Dcause答案A解析the effect on sth.意为“对的影响”；result结果；account原因，描述；cause起因。6Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe，many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods，as they would rather be cautious with this new technology.由于没有人真正地知道转基因食品是否安全，

24、许多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上犹豫不决，因为他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎态度。(1)permission n许可，准许，批准with/without ones permission在/未经某人的许可下ask for ones permission请求某人的允许(2)permit v允许；许可；n.通行证；许可证permit sb.to do.允许某人做permit doing sth.允许做某事(1)You were wrong to take the book without permission.你未得到许可就拿走这本书是不对的。(2)The parents dont permit

25、us to stay out after 10 oclock in the evening.父母不允许我们晚上十点钟以后待在外面。单项填空(3)It made our head teacher angry Wang Lin，without the from the school，was absent from class for a week.Athat；permission Bwhich；permitCwhich；permission Dthat；permit答案A解析句意为：王琳未经学校允许旷课一周，这使我们的校长很生气。it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，而且引导词在从句中不作成分，

26、故应用that引导。permission允许，许可；permit许可证。根据句意可知选A。经典句式1Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.并非所有对自然来说是最好的就意味着对人类来说也是好的。(1)句中not everything意为“并非全部”，表示部分否定。not与表示全部意义的代词或副词连用，表示部分否定。这样的词还有both，all，every，everyone，everybody，everywhere等。not可以放在这些词的前面，也可以否定谓语动词。(2)英语中表示全部否定的词有neither，none，

27、no one，nobody，nothing，nowhere等。(1)Both of the students are not from the same factory.这两个学生并非都来自同一家工厂。(2)My brother has a nice car，but I have none.我哥哥有一辆漂亮的车，但是我没有。单项填空(3)The exam was easy，wasnt it?Yes，but I dont think could pass it.Asomebody BanybodyCnobody Deverybody答案D解析由语境知，此处强调的是“并非人人都能通过”，考查部分否

28、定。(4)Of all the books on the desk， is of any use for our study.Anothing Bno oneCneither Dnone答案D解析由all可知应排除C项；B项不能与of连用，也应排除；A项指没有什么东西，与句意不符。故选D项表示全部否定。2Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。(1)nowhere是否定词，这里是倒装语序；nowhere与比较级连用，表达最高级意义。(2)否定词no，none，neither，nor，

29、nobody，nothing，never，半否定词hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，little，few，或否定短语not until，by no means，not only.but also.，in no way，no sooner等位于句首时，句子一般须部分倒装。(1)Nowhere can you find such a beautiful girl.在哪儿你也找不到这样漂亮的女孩。(2)No word did he say before he left.他一句话没说就走了。单项填空(3)How was the televised debate last ni

30、ght?Super！Rarely so much media attention.Aa debate attracted Bdid a debate attractCa debate did attract Dattracted a debate答案B解析rarely是否定副词，放在句首时，句子应部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词、be动词提前，其他语序不变。本题是过去发生的事，所以把助动词did提前。故正确答案为B。.单词拼写1Do not insert(插入) too many plugs in a connection panel，as it is not safe.2Buying thos

31、e shares was a good move；we are making a good profit out of them.3He gave me permission to leave work early today.4The farmers might suffer some loss of income(收入) but no one would starve.5From all points of view，war would be a catastrophe.6We，as well as animals，cannot live without water and neither

32、 agriculture nor industry can go without it.选词填空7All her energies are focused on her children.8You should tell your friend that you are concerned about him.9Large quantities of natural resources will be used up in 100 years or so.10The students were in favour of reform.11The expenses should be limit

33、ed to what you can really afford.完成句子12事实上，不是所有的事情在一个国家能实行，在其他国家也能实行。The truth is，not everything that can be done in one country can be done in another.13这是最容易的事。Nothing is easier than this.14我刚离开家天就下雨了。No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.15他那样做使我很吃惊。It was a great surprise to me tha

34、t he did a thing like that.16你没有必要做那么多工作。There is no point (in) doing so much work.单项填空17Most of them were my opinion while David was against it.Ain honour of Bin favour ofCin search of Din memory of答案B解析句意为：他们中大多数人支持我的看法，然而大卫却反对。in favour of支持，赞成，与against相对。所以选B。18What a scene on the stage!Yeah，we

35、girls were really .Afrightened；frightenedBfrightening；frightenedCfrightening；frighteningDfrightened；frightening答案B解析frightening令人害怕的，多修饰物；frightened感到害怕的，多形容人。所以选B。19Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also our thinking.Adirect BlimitCchange Dimprove答案B解析句意为

36、：我们要想成功，知识和学习是很重要的，但它们也可能会限制我们的思考。direct指导；limit限制；change改变；improve改进。由but可知，前后在意义上是转折关系，故选B项。20 out for food.Some work in the tunnels as guards and workers.ANot all the ants goBAll the ants not goCBoth the ants dont goDAll the ants go答案A解析从下句的内容可知，这里表示不完全否定的意义，故选A。B项中的not改为dont也正确。21Never in my wil

37、dest dreams these people are living in such poor conditions.AI could imagine Bcould I imagineCI couldnt imagine Dcouldnt I imagine答案B解析表示否定意义的副词置于句首，句子应部分倒装，排除A、C；D不符合句意。.微写作写作素材(关于科学)1科学家已在遗传学方面取得突破。2他们已获得准确的科学数据，这对人类是有益处的。3医师们希望在不久的将来人们能活得更久更快乐。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Scientists h

38、ave made a breakthrough in genetics.They have gained accurate scientific data，which are beneficial to human beings.Physicians hope that in the near future people can live longer and happier.单项填空1People who are modern city life may think it is rather dull to live in the countryside.Ain honour of Bin

39、charge ofCin favour of Din control of 答案C解析句意为：支持现代城市生活的人们认为生活在乡下相当单调沉闷。in favour of支持，赞同，符合句意。in honour of纪念；in charge of掌管；in control of控制。2Did get through the driving test?No， did.A few failed.Aeverybody；not all Beverybody；noneCanybody；not all Danybody；no one答案A解析此题用everybody询问“每个人都通过了驾驶考试吗”。答语No

40、，not all为部分否定，与下文“A few failed.”相吻合。3The TV programme has on the children as as the old.Aa good effect；good Ba positive effect；wellCa good affect；well Daffect；well答案B解析考查affect与effect的区别和as well as的用法。句意为：这个电视节目对于小孩和老人都有积极的影响。have a positive effect on对有积极的影响；第二个空是as well as，在此句中的意思是“也，又”。4Depend on

41、it.Ill do everything I can to your needs.Arealize BmeetCreach Dget答案B解析meet ones needs是固定搭配，意思是“满足某人的需要”。5China is a country while the US.，Japan as well as South Korea are all ones.Adeveloping；developedBdeveloped；developingCdeveloping；developingDdeveloped；developed答案A解析developing country发展中国家；develo

42、ped country发达国家。6Maybe you have been to many countries，but nowhere else a more beautiful palace.Acan you find Byou could findCyou can find Dcould you find答案A解析否定副词nowhere else置于句首，句子用部分倒装。由 have been可知，要用现在时态，故选A项。7Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks.You it；I could manage it myself.Anee

43、dnt do Bneednt have doneCmustnt do Dshouldnt have done答案B解析句意为：凯瑟琳，我已经给你打扫了房间。谢谢。你本来没有必要这样做，我自己能够应付。neednt have done表示“过去本来没有必要做(而做了)”；shouldnt have done表示“过去本来不应该做(而做了)”。8We forbid here.Who permits you ？Asmoking；smoking Bsmoking；to smokeCto smoke；to smoke Dto smoke；smoking答案B解析句意为：此处禁止吸烟，是谁准许你吸烟的？f

44、orbid doing sth.禁止做某事；permit sb.to do sth.准许某人做某事，故选B。9The film was so that I was when I saw it.Afrightening；frighteningBfrightened；frightenedCfrightening；frightenedDfrightened；frightening答案C解析句意为：这部电影是那样的令人害怕以至于当我看的时候，我被吓到了。frightening令人害怕的，主语一般为物；frightened害怕的，主语一般为人。10 some officials，the general

45、inspected his army.AFollowing byBFollowed byCBeing followed byDHaving been followed by答案B解析动词follow与逻辑主语the general 是被动关系，故用过去分词。.阅读理解What is one of the most boring and tiresome words ever？Like discipline，responsibility is one of those words you have probably heard so many times from authority figur

46、es that you have been a bit allergic to it.Still，its one of the most important things to grow and to feel good about your life.Without it as a foundation nothing else in any personal development book really works.Its been said that the line between childhood and adulthood is crossed when we move fro

47、m saying “It got lost” to “I lost it”Indeed，being accountable，understanding and accepting the role our choices play in the things that happen are important signs of emotional and moral maturity.Thats why responsibility is one of the main supports of good character.Many people have been refusing to g

48、row up and avoiding the burdens implied in being accountable.Yes，responsibility sometimes requires us to do things that are unpleasant or even frightening.It asks us to carry our own weight，prepare and set goals and exercise the discipline to reach our ambitions.But the benefits of accepting respons

49、ibility are far more important than the short-lived advantages of refusing to do so.No one makes his or her life better by avoiding responsibility.In fact，irresponsibility is a form of self-forced servitude(苦役) to circumstances and to other people.George Bernard Shaw once said，“People are always bla

50、ming their circumstances for what they are.I dont believe in circumstances.The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want，and，if they cant find them，make them.”“Man must stop owing his problems to his environment and learn again to exercise his

51、 willhis personal responsibility in the realm of faith and morals，” said Albert Schweitzer.The following incident shows blaming others and not taking full responsibility：Bernard LBrown，Jr.，once worked in a hospital where a patient knocked over a cup of water，which spilled on the floor beside the pat

52、ients bed.The patient was afraid he might slip on the water if he got out of the bed，so he asked a nurse to mop it up.The patient didnt know it，but the hospital policy said that small spills were the responsibility of the nurse while large spills were to be mopped up by the hospitals housekeeping gr

53、oup.The nurse decided the spill was a large one and she called the housekeeping group.A housekeeper arrived and declared the spill a small one.An argument followed.“Its not my responsibility，” said the nurse，“because its a large puddle(水坑)”The housekeeper didnt agree.“Well，its not mine，” she said，“t

54、he puddle is too small.”The angry patient listened for a time，then took a pitcher of water from his night table and poured the whole thing on the floor.“Is that a big enough puddle now for you two to decide？” he asked.It was，and that was the end of the argument.So，responsibility is about our ability

55、 to respond to circumstances and to choose the attitudes，actions and reactions that shape our lives.It is a concept of power that puts us in the drivers seat.The grand sight of the potential of our lives can only be appreciated when we begin to be accountable and independent.If you want more to control over your l