语法直接引语变间接引语（课堂PPT）

1、1Direct speech 直接引语 Reported speech间接引语.直接引述别人的话，要加引号用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号2 直接引语变间接引语，即变为宾语从句主要需要直接引语变间接引语，即变为宾语从句主要需要注意以下五点：注意以下五点：1.宾语从句必须用陈述语序。宾语从句必须用陈述语序。2.主句时态决定从句时态：如果主句为一般现在时，主句时态决定从句时态：如果主句为一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态（原题给的啥时态就用啥时态）；从句可以用任何时态（原题给的啥时态就用啥时态）；如果主句为一般过去式，从句必须要用所给时态的如果主句为一般过去式，从句必须要用所给时态的对应的过去式。对应

2、的过去式。3.引导词。引导词。4.人称的转换。人称的转换。5.时间状语的转换。时间状语的转换。31. 陈述句陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词时，用连词that引导（引导（that在口语中常省略）在口语中常省略）一般现在时一般现在时 He said, “Im afraid I cant finish this work.”现在进行时现在进行时 He said, “Im eating an apple.” 一般将来时一般将来时 Tom said to me “Ill go to Shanghai next week”一般过去时一般过去时过去进行

3、时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时 He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work. He said that he was eating an apple.Tom told me that he would go to Shanghai the next week.42. 直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 1）一般疑问句。用）一般疑问句。用whether或或if引导。主句中的引导。主句中的动词是动词是said时改为时改为asked

4、，没有间接宾语的，可，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。以加一个间接宾语。 Eg. He said, “Are you a student?” Eg. “Are you sorry for what you have done?”the mother asked the boy. He asked me whether I was a student. The mother asked the boy if he was sorry for what he had done.5The father asked his son where he was going. 2）特殊疑问句。仍用原来的

5、疑问词引导。Eg.“Where are you going?” the father asked his son.Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”3. 祈使句。句型：tell/ask/order sb (not)to do sth Eg.“Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us.The policeman asked the small boy where he lived. The teacher told us to wr

6、ite our names on our papers first.6直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语时间状语由由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”。（例：（例：now变为变为then,yesterday变为变为thedaybefore,today变为变为thatdayHesaid,“Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地点状语地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，尤其表示方向性的，here变变thereTheteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:

7、00.”TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代词指示代词修饰的状语，由修饰的状语，由“此此”改为改为“彼彼”例：例：this改为改为thatHesaid,Thisbooksismine.“Hesaidthatbookwashis.7thisthatthesethosenowthenthat daytodayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next daynext week（month，year）the next week(month, year)heretherecomegothis weekthat week8如果主

8、句是如果主句是一般现在时一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。从句的时态不变。He says, “Im not good at math. ”He says that hes not good at math.1.“You should be more careful next time,” his father said to him.2.Mr.Wang said,“I will leave for Shanghai on business next month.”3.She said to him, “Its time that you left here

9、.”His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.Mr. Wang said that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.She told him that it was time that he left there.练练习习9注：注： (1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。 (2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there，动词come 不必改为go. (3)当转述客观真理时

10、，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：He said, Light travels much faster than sound.He said that light travels much faster than sound. (4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。 My teacher said, “Tom is a good student. ” My teacher said Tom is a good student. 101.She said, “ I often go to the beach on Sunday.”She said _ _ _

11、 _ to the beach 2. He said to me, “ Are you learning dancing?”He _ me _ _ _ learning dancing.3. Mr Zhang said, “Light travels faster than sound.”Mr Zhang said _ light _ faster than sound.4. “Where does Linda come from?” she asked.She asked _ _ _ from.5.Our teacher said to us, “ Come to school early.

12、”Our teacher _ us _ _ to school early.thatsheoftenwentaskedifIwasthattravelswhereLindacametoldtocome116. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us? Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China?7. Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.He asked me _ the girl _ some help 8. When do

13、es the train leave? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _.9. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday. 10. .How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? Could you tell me how _ _ on with _ new classmates? if enjoysif

14、neededwhen leavesif camehe gets his121. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.2. The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are 3. She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 4. Can you tell me_

15、you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 5. Please tell me _ last year. A.where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C where your sister works D. where your sister worked 6. He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening. A.what B. if C.that D. how 7. He asked me _

16、told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will takeACBCDCC131. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. whether hell come D. if he comes 2. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where3. Tom

17、 asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry 4. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car 5. Did you know _?A. who he was lo

18、oking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after CDDDA14Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)ityesterday.Hesaidthatthey_TVatninelastnight.(watch)H

19、easkedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_aboutYaoMingnow.(talk)Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be) will be goes were playing returned was watching travels are talking were were doing1510.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MissWangtold

20、methattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebooklastnight?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_toLondonlastyear.(go)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do) wrote moves took went risesdid16将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I a