代词 It 用法

1、浅谈 it , one ,that 的用法与高考例题分析it ,one, that 是高考重点考察的对象 , 在做选择题时学生经常弄不清楚到底用 哪一个, 下面是我根据自己的教学体会搜集整理的相关资料, 希望对学生及教学 人员有所帮助。一 、 it 的用法 .1. 代替前面所指的特定的名词或一句话。如 : The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in (NMET01.The Parkers买了一所新房子 , 但是在他们搬进去之前需要做许多工作。 (it 这里 指 a n

2、ew house .The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but it didnt help (NMET05医生强烈建议 Vera 应该去度假 , 但是她不听。 (it 这里指 the doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday 2. 充当引导词A. 在句子中做形式主语如:It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language .(NMET

3、95英语作为一种国际语言而被接受是个事实。 it 指由 that 引导的主语从句。 B. 作形式宾语 , 代替由不定式、动名词、或从句表示的真正宾语。如 :I dont think it possible to m aster a foreign language without memory work .(NMET90我认为掌握一门外语而不去记忆是不可能的。 (it 是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是 to master a foreign language without memory workI took it for granted that he would believe in us .(

4、it 指 that 后边引导的宾语从句 我想当然认为他会信任我们I hate it when people talk with their mouth full .(NMET98(it 指 when people talk with with their mouth full我讨厌人们满嘴是食物讲话。二、 one 的用法1、 1泛指任何人或一个人如:One should do ones /his best for the revolution.一个人应该为革命尽最大的努力。He is one who never troubles about his personal interests .他是

5、个从不计较个人利益的人。2 代替前面提到的单数名词It's easier to catch a sleeping lion than one that's awake.抓住一只在睡觉的狮子比抓住一只不在睡觉的狮子更容易 .3 单个 one 前不能加 a/an ; 当 one 前面有修饰词时,才能加 a /an如:This is a good book , but there is a better one over there .这是一本好书, 但那边有一本更好的。4 代替复数名词时,用 ones如:There is one black dog and two small on

6、es.有一只黑色的狗和两只小的。5 不可代替不可数名词误:If you need money ,Ill lend you one .正:If you need money ,Ill lend you some .三、 that 的用法1. . . that 用来指前面提到过的名词 , 以避免重复 , , 所代替的名词 可以是可数名词 , 也可以是不可数名词 . 代替可数名词时可以用 the one 替换 . 但其前面不可用任何限定词修饰。例如:The climate in Shanghai is warmer than that in Beijing .上海的天气比北京的天气暖和。(that

7、代替不可数名词 the climate,不可用 the one 替代 This book is not so interesting as that I read yesterday.这本书不如我昨天读的书有趣。 (that 指可数名词 the book ,可用 the one 替 代 2.that 在并列分句中 , 可以替代前面某一个名词或整个句子内容 , 这时 , 可用 it 替换 , 也可改为非限制性定语从句 .例如 : 1She heard a terrible noise,and that brought her heart into her mouth.(NEMT1991她听到一个

8、可怕的声音, 这使她非常害怕。 (that指 She heard a terrible noise 这件事 , 也可以把 and that 换成 which 3.that 在定语从句中 , 可作关系代词 , 代替某个先行词 (人或物 。例如 :This is a book that is needed by all the students.这是一本所有学生都需要的书。 (that 指 a book We all like Jack because he is a man who everybody thinks is pleasant to get along with .我们都喜欢杰克,因

9、为每个人都认为他很容易相处。(who 指 a man 专题专练1.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have_.(NMET95A.it B. those C. them D. one解:D. one=a glass2.Few pleasures can equal _of a cool drink on a hot day.(NMET99A. some B. any C. that . D. those解:C .that =the pleasure3.-Why dont we have a little break ? (NME

10、T00-Didnt we just take _?A. it B. that C. one D. this解:C . one = a break4.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment ,_ I always treasure .(NEMT02A. that B. one C. it D. what解 :B . one =an unforgettable moment5.I like _in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright .(NMET

11、04A. this B . that C.it D. one解 :C . (同 98 年高考题类似 又如 :I like it when she kissed me .(朗文当代英汉双 解词典中例句 考考你1. . . A desk of this kind is lighter and more beautiful than _made of wood .2. . . Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _who had already taken them .3. . . Do you like reading nove

12、ls ?-Yes , I enjoy reading interesting_.4.I prefer the climate of Singapore to _ of Taiwan .5.A cake made of wheat costs less than _ made of rice .6.This book is _that is needed by every student.7.This tea is better than _.8.I can not find my book ,So I am looking for _ everywhere.9. The finger I put into my mouth was not _ I had dipped into the mixture 10.So, for a student the first