第十讲Canyoucometomyparty

1、第十讲 Can you come to my party?适用学科英语适用年级八年级教材版本新版人教新目标课时时长120分钟知识点1. 发出邀请以及回答方法2.情态动词的基本用法3.动词不定式做定语4.动词不定式做目的状语5.只能接不定式的动词教学目标1.学习并掌握下列单词与短语：prepare v. 使做好准备；把准备好来available adj. 有空的；可获得的until conj.& prep. 到时；直到为止hang v. 悬挂；垂下 catch v. 及时赶上；接住；抓住invite v. 邀请 accept v. 接受 refuse v. 拒绝without prep.

2、 没有；不(做某事) surprised adj. 惊奇的；感到意外的reply v回答；答复 take a trip 去旅行 look after 照料；照顾look forward to盼望；期待2.掌握下列重点句型： Can you come to my party?你来参加我的聚会可以吗？Oh，but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦，但是萨姆直到下周三才要离开。Bring Ms.Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.带斯蒂恩老师到宴

3、会上，不要告诉她以便于她会惊喜。3.掌握：情态动词can和have to的用法。教学重点重点：学会使用发出请求或邀请以及对邀请的礼貌性用语的回答的交际用语。教学难点难点：1.学会写关于邀请及回复邀请的电子邮件。2.情态动词can和have to的用法以及情态动词表推测的回答方式。教学过程一、 复习预习 1. 重点知识回顾 1）词汇知识知识点1 make v. 制作；做其后可接双宾语知识点2 shake n& v. 摇动；抖动知识点3 turn on 打开，其反义词组是turn off 意为“关上”。知识点4 pour v. 倒出；倾倒，常用短语为：o，把倒入。知识点5

4、how much 多少，用来修饰不可数名词，询问不可数名词的数量。知识点6 add v增加；添加知识点7 more 又；再，与another同义。数词more nanother数词n.知识点8 finally adv. 最后；最终知识点9 piece n. 片；块；段知识点10 traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的知识点11 traveler n. 漂泊者；旅行者；游客知识点12 fill v. (使) 充满；装满知识点13 cover v. 遮盖；覆盖n覆盖物；盖子知识点14 serve v接待；服务；提供2）重点句子或句式知识点1 How do you make a banan

5、a milk shake? 你是怎样做香蕉奶昔的？知识点2 Turn on the blender.打开果汁机。知识点3 These days，most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.知识点4 表示建议的交际用语。2. 上节课课后作业讲解【略】二、知识讲解1、词汇知识知识点1 can modal v. 可以，相当于may，提出请求或邀请 eg. Can you get me some water? 你可以给我弄点水吗？ 知识延

6、伸： can modal v能；会 Can you sing? 你会唱歌吗？【练习】Bill _ come out to play because he _help his mom in the garden.Acan；have toBcan；has toCcan't; have to Dcan't；has to【答案】D.【解析】在原因状语从句中，he是第三人称单数，故动词用第三人称单数形式，排除A、C两项；根据句意排除B项。知识点2 have to 不得不，必须。表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为don't have to

7、。 eg.She isn't very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。 eg. You don't have to tell me this.你不必告诉我这件事。词汇辨析：have to 和musthave to强调因客观原因而“不得不”。它有时态、人称和数的变化。其第三人称单数为 has to，过去式为 had to。由 have to构成的句子，进行句型转换时要借助 do，does 和did。eg. It's raining.I have to stay at home.

8、天在下雨。我不得不待在家里。must 强调主观上“必须”，没有人称和数的变化。其句型变换无需借助助动词。eg.You must do your homework first.你必须先做作业。【练习1】选词填空，注意适当形式1You don't _come here today.2We _ late again next time.3We _ strict with ourselves.【答案】1.have to2.mustn't be3.must be【解析】1.本句借助助动词do，应该用have to，must不需借助助动词。2.mustn't表示个人主观的意愿。3.

9、must表示个人主观意愿。【练习2】Must we clean the classroom?No，you_.Amustn't BneedCdon't have to Daren't【答案】C【解析】must 的一般疑问句的否定回答应用don't have to 或needn't，肯定回答用 must。 知识点3 prepare v. 使做好准备；把准备好，其名词形式为：preparation 准备；准备工作。(1) 常用短语为：prepare for为做准备，相当于get ready for。eg. Thestudents are preparing f

10、or the coming sports meeting.The students are getting ready for the coming sports meeting. 学生们正在为即将到来的运动会做准备。(2) prepare.for.为准备，相当于get.ready for.。eg. Mother is preparing a birthday cake for my birthday.Mother is getting a birthday cake ready for my birthday.妈妈正在为我的生日准备生日蛋糕。(3) prepare to do sth.准备做

11、某事get ready to do sth.eg.You should prepare to have the PE. lesson.You should get ready to have the PE. lesson.你应当准备上体育课。【练习1】Tomorrow is Dragon Boat Day. My mother and my grandma _a big meal for our family now.Aare preparing Bbe preparingCprepare Dprepared【答案】A【解析】根据时间状语now以及语意可知本句时态用现在进行时。主语My mot

12、her and my grandma是复数，故用are preparing。【练习2】I'm very busy these days. Last week I _the driving test. Now I'm _take part in the coming sports meeting.Aprepared；preparingBprepared for；preparingCprepared for；preparing toDprepared；preparing to【答案】C【解析】根据last week可知时态用一般过去时；为做准备用prepare for，故A、D两项

13、不符；prepare to do sth.意为“准备做某事”，故选C项。知识点4 available adj. 有空的；可获得的(1) 作“有空的”时，相当于free，不用于名词前。eg. I'm available next Tuesday if you want to meet then.如果你想见面的话，我下星期二有空。(2) 作“可获得的”时，常用于名词后。eg. I am going to send you all the stamps available.我将把我能得到的邮票给你寄去。【练习】If you are _ tomorrow，you can bring all t

14、he _.Aavailable；available newspapersBavailable；newspapers availableCnot available；available newspapersDnot available；newspapers available【答案】B【解析】available作“可获得的”，用于名词后，排除A、C两项；根据“你可以把能得到的所有报纸带来”可知“如果明天你有空”，故排除D项。知识点5hang v. 悬挂；垂下，其过去式为：hung。 eg. She hung her washing out in the garden.她把洗的衣服晾在花园里。 h

15、ang out 常去某处；泡在某处 eg.They are always hanging out in the street.他们总是在街上闲逛。知识延伸：hang v. 吊死；绞死，其过去式为：hanged。 eg.In the old days，many people were hanged.在过去，许多人被绞死。【练习1】He _the basket on the wall after entering the room yesterday.Ahang BhangsChungDHanged【答案】C【解析】由yesterday知应用过去时，可排除A、B两项；hang 当“悬挂”讲时，过去

16、式为hung，故排除D项。 【练习2】Tony didn't feel better _ he took some medicine. I guess he can go to school this afternoon.Auntil BwhenCafter Dbecause【答案】A【解析】not.until 意为“直到才”，句意为“托尼直到吃了一些药才感觉好多了。我猜他今天下午就能去上学”。B、C、D三项放在句中不合句意。知识点6. catch v. 及时赶上；接住；抓住，过去式为：caught。 eg. We caught the last bus.我们赶上了最后一班公共汽车。

17、eg.He caught my hand and held it. 他抓住我的手握着。 catch up with 追上；赶上 eg.Go on in front.I can soon catch up with you. 你先走，我会很快赶上你的。【练习】 Now he's working hard _up with his classmates.Acatch BcatchesCcaught Dto catch【答案】D【解析】考查catch的不同形式。根据“现在他正努力学习”可知目的是为了“赶上他的同班同学”，动词不定式表目的，故选D项。知识点7invite v. 邀请；恳请，可以

18、构成短语： invite sb.to.邀请某人去 eg.I'm going to invite my friends to my house this Sunday.这个星期天我打算邀请我的朋友们去我家。 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 eg.The young man invited me to dance.这个年轻人邀请我去跳舞。知识延伸： invitation n邀请；请柬 eg.I got an invitation to dinner.我收到了晚宴的邀请。【练习】I invited him _ our school last year.Ato visi

19、t BvisitedCvisiting DVisits【答案】A【解析】invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”，是固定短语。知识点8. accept v. 接受，指同意或愿意接受。强调“收到”的结果“接受”了。eg. My friend invited me to the party，but I didn't accept it. 我的朋友邀请我去参加宴会，但是我没有接受。知识延伸：receive v收到，指“接”“收”的动作或事实，并不包含接受者本人是否“接受”的意思。eg. I received a letter from my sister last we

20、ek.上周我收到了我姐姐的一封来信。【练习】I _some gifts from my friends，but I didn't _ them.Areceived；accept Baccepted；receiveCreceive；accept Daccept；receive【答案】A【解析】根据后面的一般过去时可知前半句也应是一般过去时，C、D两项错误；浏览题干可知句意为“我收到了来自朋友的礼物，但是我没有接受”，排除B项。知识点 9. refuse v拒绝，常构成短语：refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事，名词形式为：refusal。eg. You should refuse

21、 to smoke here.在这儿你应该拒绝吸烟。【练习】根据汉语意思完成下句不要拒绝我的邀请。_ _ my invitation.【答案】Don't refuse【解析】祈使句的否定结构是 dont+动词原形。2.重点句子或句式知识点 1 What's today? 今天是什么日子？本句是特殊疑问句。它既询问星期几也询问日期，答语是“It's星期日期”。 eg.What's today？今天是什么日子？ It's Monday，the 29th.今天是29号，星期一。知识延伸：What day is it today？今天是星期几？询问星期几，答语是

22、“It's星期”。eg. What day is it today？今天是星期几？ It's Sunday.星期日。What's the date today？今天是几号？询问日期，答语是“It's日期”。eg. What's the date today？今天是几号？ It's October 1st.今天是十月一日。【练习】 _？It's Friday，the 26th.AWhat's the matter来源:Zxxk.ComBWhat's the date todayCWhat day is it todayDWh

23、at's today 【答案】D【解析】根据答语既有星期Friday，也有日期 the 26th，说明问句询问星期几和日期，问句应为D项。A项询问“怎么了？”B项询问日期；C项询问星期几。来源:Z& 知识点 2look after his sister 照看他的妹妹look after 照料；照顾同义词是take care of，后可接名词、代词、动词­ing形式。 eg. Can you look after/take care of my dog?你可以照看我的狗吗？知识延伸：look after welltake good care of 好好照看 eg. He

24、 can look after himself well.He can take good care of himself.他会好好照看自己的。look at 看 eg. Please look at the picture.请看这幅图片。look like 看起来像 eg. What does the man look like？这人长相怎样？look for 寻找 eg. I'm looking for my eraser.我正在寻找我的橡皮。【练习1】My parents are not at home，so I have to _ my little sister.Alook

25、at Blook likeClook after Dlook for【答案】C【解析】A项意为“看”；B项意为“看起来像”；C项意为“照顾；照看”；D项意为“寻找”。根据句意“我父母不在家，我不得不照看我的小妹妹”可知用look after。【练习2】My grandfather looked after his health well.(改为同义句)My grandfather _ his health.【答案】took good care of【解析】look after welltake good care of知识点 3 My family is taking a trip to Wu

26、han at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.我全家打算这月底去武汉旅行，看我的姑姑和叔叔。本句是简单句。to visit my aunt and uncle是动词不定式作目的状语。take a trip 去旅行，也可用take trips。take a trip to.去旅行eg.My friend is taking a trip to Russia.我朋友正去俄罗斯旅行。【练习】We would like _ the mountains.Ato take a tripBtake trips toCtake a trip t

27、o Dto take trips to【答案】D【解析】would like后接动词不定式，排除B、C两项；the mountains是名词，故选D项。 知识点 4Bring Ms. Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.带斯蒂恩老师到宴会上。不要告诉她以便于她会惊喜。本句是含有so that引导的目的状语从句。without prep. 无；没有，后接名词或代词或动词­ing形式。其反义词为with，意为“带着；具有”。 eg. He went away without saying

28、anything.他什么也没说就走了。 eg. She went to school without breakfast.她没吃早饭就上学去了。surprised adj. 惊奇的；感到意外的 常用来修饰人。 eg. He is surprised at the news.他对这则消息感到惊讶。surprising adj. 使人惊奇的，常用来修饰物。 eg. The result is very surprising.结果很令人吃惊。surprise n惊奇；惊讶 eg. I got a surprise at his coming. 我对他的到来感到吃惊。surprise v使吃惊 eg.

29、 What I said surprised all of them.我的话让他们都很惊讶。【练习1】Can you finish the work _ our help?Yes. I can finish it by myself.Afor BwithCunder DWithout【答案】D【解析】根据答语“是的。我能自己完成它。”说明问句询问“没有我们的帮助你能完成这项工作吗？”故选D项。【练习2】The story _me. That is，I'm _ at the _ story.Asurprise；surprising；surprisedBsurprises；surprise

30、d；surprisedCsurprise；surprised；surprisingDsurprises；surprised；surprising【答案】D【解析】the story是单数，故动词用第三人称单数形式，排除A、C两项；人对感到惊奇，用形容词surprised；句末的story是表物的名词，故用surprising修饰。知识点 5I look forward to hearing from you all.我期盼着收到你们大家的来信。look forward to盼望；期待，to是介词，其后接名词或动词­ing形式。 eg. He is looking forward to

31、 visiting the Great Wall.他盼望着参观长城。look forward to 和 expectlook forward to期待，指带着愉快的心情期待着某事的发生。 eg. The students are looking forward to their holiday.学生们盼望着假期的来临。expect期待，指确信某事必将发生，多用于好的事物，也可用于不好的事物。 eg. I didn't expect to meet you here.我没有预料到会在这儿遇到你。【练习1】I'm looking forward _ New York some da

32、y.Ato visit Bto visitingCvisit Dvisiting【答案】B【解析】look forward to意为“盼望；期待”；to是介词，其后接动词­ing形式，故选B项。句意为“我盼望有一天去参观纽约”。【练习2】 I'm not sure what _ in the future.Aexpect Blook forward toCto expect Dto look forward【答案】C【解析】疑问词what后接动词不定式，故排除A、B两项；D项短语不完整，排除。句意为“我不确定未来期盼什么”。知识点 6Please reply in writi

33、ng to this invitation by Friday，December 20th.请于周五即12月20号前以写信的方式对此请柬进行回复。reply v回答；答复，可作及物动词，但常用作不及物动词，后接介词to。也可作名词，意为“回答，答复”。 eg.How can you reply to my question? 你能怎么回答我的问题呢？reply和answer这两个词有相同的含义，即“回答；应答”，都可以作及物动词和不及物动词用，但answer较常用。reply较正式，除了后面接直接引语或that引导的从句外，一般只用作不及物动词，后面与to连用，表示“回答某人的问题、话语、信件

34、、祝贺等”。Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题？I'll reply to your letter tomorrow.明天我将给你回信。【练习1】Don't forget _to my question.Ato answer Bto replyCreplying Danswering【答案】B【解析】my question前有to，需要用reply来“回答”；句意为“不要忘了去做”，说明还没做，故用动词不定式；如果做了，而忘记了，用动词­ing形式。【练习2】用reply或answer填空When I got his messag

35、e，I called back，but there was no _.【答案】answer/reply【解析】根据句意“当我得到他的口信时，我就回了电话，但是没人应答”。用名词answer，reply都可。知识点 7 交际用语指导你会向他人发出邀请以及回答邀请吗？本单元涉及向别人发出请求或邀请以及对邀请的礼貌性答语。1Can you go to the supermarket with me this evening?今晚你能和我一起去超市吗？ Sure，I'd love to.当然，我很想去。本交际用语是用来向别人发出请求并作肯定回答。否定回答时，常用sorry，再陈述理由。Can

36、you go for a walk with me?你能和我一起去散步吗？I'm sorry.I'm going to the library.对不起。我打算去图书馆。提出请求时还可用句型：Will you please.？请你好吗？Will you please open the door?请你打开门好吗？Certainly.当然可以。Would you like to do.？你愿意做吗？Would you like to go boating with me?你愿意和我一块去划船吗？2Thank you for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。本句是对别人提

37、出邀请的礼貌性答语。Thank sb.for sth.为某事感谢某人，介词for表示感谢的原因。Thank you for your letter.谢谢你的来信。【练习1】Can you come to my home for dinner?Sure，_.AI had love to BI would loveCI would love to DI love【答案】C【解析】“很愿意”应用would love to 来表示。 【练习2】Will you please _ me your photos?Ashow Bto showCshowing DShows【答案】A【解析】Will you

38、please.？意为“请你好吗”。please后应接动词原形。【练习3】Would you like_ some noodles?Ahave Bto haveChaving DHas【答案】B【解析】would like后接动词不定式，意为“想做某事”。【练习4】_your advice.AThanks for BThanks toCThank for DThank to【答案】A【解析】“因而感谢”用thanks for来表示，此处 thanks为名词复数。3.重点语法讲解 （一） 情态动词can，have to 的用法你会说英语吗？你必须学习英语。“会”和 “必须”在英语中是情态动词，它们

39、的用法可是要你认真学习的呀！先观察下面的句子：1Can you speak French？你会说法语吗？表示能力No，I can't.不，我不会。2You can take the car，if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐汽车,表示许可3Can you give me some advice?你能给我一些建议吗？表示请求 Of course.当然可以了。4You can't play in the street.你们不准在街道上玩。表示禁止5That can't be Mr. Liu.He is not here at the moment.那肯定不是刘先

40、生。他此刻不在这里。表否定推测 6It's late. I have_to go now.天晚了。我不得不走了。7Does he have_to get up early in the morning?他必须早上早起床吗？Yes，he does.是的。8She didn't have to walk home yesterday.昨天她不必走着回家。【练习1】Li Hai，_ you speak Chinese?Yes，only a little.Amust BneedChave to DCan【答案】D【解析】must表“必须， 强调主观意愿”；need 表“需要”； hav

41、e to 表“必须，强调客观情况”，其疑问句要借助于助动词；can 表“能力”。根据答语“是的，只一点。”可知选D项。【练习2】Will you stay for lunch?Sorry，I _.My brother is coming to see me.Amustn't Bcan'tCneedn't Dwon't【答案】B【解析】A表示一定不能 ， B不能 ， C不必， D(将)不会，句意：“你要留下吃午饭吗？”“很抱歉，我不能。我哥哥要来看我。”【练习3】I can't give up smoking，doctor.For your health，

42、I'm afraid you_.Amay BcanChave toDCould 【答案】C【解析】句意：“医生，我不能戒烟。”“为了你的健康，恐怕你不得不戒烟。”由句意知应选have to，“必须，不得不”。 （二）动词不定式做定语不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。【练习1】Would you like something _?(湖北省)A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks 【答案】C【解析】to dr

43、ink 做后置定语，修饰something，表示“喝的东西”。【练习2】I have a lot of homework _.(河南省) A. do B. doing C. did D. to do 【答案】D【解析】 to do做后置定语，修饰homework，表示“要做的作业”。【练习3】He is not an easy man _.(山东省)A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with 【答案】D【解析】 get on with “表示与某人相处”，介词with 必能省略。to get on with 做后置定语，表示“

44、相处的”。（三）动词不定式做目的状语动词不定式作目的状语既可用“to动词原形”表示, 也可用“in order to动词原形”或“so as to动词原形”表示。例如:He came here to borrow my bike. 他到这里来借我的自行车。The rich woman spent all her time and all her money in order to be well dressed. 这位富妇人为了穿得漂亮, 她不惜花掉她全部的时间和金钱。I got up early so as to be in time for morning exercises. 我起得很早

45、, 以便于及时做早操。使用它们时应注意以下要点:1、用“in order to 动词原形”比“to动词原形”作目的状语时语气较强而且文体较正式。例如:People there killed many lions in order to protect the deer. 那里的人们为了保护鹿, 杀掉了许多狮子。2、一般来讲, “in order to 动词原形”与“so as to 动词原形”可以互换。但是, 如果不定式兼有“结果”的涵义时, 一般应用“so as to 动词原形”。例如:I shall go on working late today soas to be free tomo

46、rrow. 我今天要工作得晚些, 明天就可以没事了。3、“in order to."通常可以放在句首, 使其表示的目的更加明显; “so as to. 也可放在句首作目的状语”。例如:In order to get there before eight I started early. 为了在八点以前赶到那里, 我很早就动身了。So as to make a study on kangaroos, he came to Australia. 为了研究大袋鼠, 他来到了澳大利亚。4、当不定式的否定式作目的状语时, 一般用“in order not to."或“so as no

47、t to.", 不用“not to.", 因为后者是结果状语。试比较:I'm going to get up now in order not to（so as not to）miss the early bus. 为了不误早班公共汽车, 我现在得起床。He came in quietly in order not to（so as not to）wake the child. 他轻轻地走了进来, 以免吵醒孩子。He must be deaf not to hear what I have said. 连我说的话都听不见, 他一定是聋了。（表结果）【练习1】-Why

48、 did you go this way? - _time.A.to save B. saving C. save D. Saved【答案】A【解析】 to do做目的状语，因此选择A to save .表示“为了节省时间”。【练习2】写出同义句。 She got up early so that she could catch the bus. = She got up early _ _ _ catch the bus. = She got up early _ _ _ catch the bus.【答案】 in order to， so as to【解析】 so that +从句= in

49、 order to do = so as to do sth. 表示为了.随堂练习（一）单项选择。( ) 1. Happy birthday! _. A. Thanks B. The same to you C. I do, too D. Not at all 【答案】A( ) 2.You cant find him. He usually _ at 4:00.A. have an English lesson B. is having an English lesson C. will go to the guitar lesson D. goes to the guitar lesson

50、【答案】D ( ) 3.-What are you going to do this weekend? Id like _my grandparents.Ato visit Bvisit Cvisiting D. visit【答案】A ( ) 4. She has a headacheShe cant attend the meeting. _. AIt doesnt matterBIt sounds wonderfulCIm sorry to hear thatD. really【答案】C ( ) 5. Jack, would you like _ glass of apple juice?

51、-No, thank you.Athe others B. other Canother D. others【答案】C（二）用动词的正确形式填空。6. Can you _ (come) to my house for dinner? 7. Thanks for _ (invite) me to your birthday party.8. How about _ (have) a rest? 9. Do you want_ (hang) out with us on Saturday afternoon?10. Theyre not free _ (play) baseball this af

52、ternoon.11. Id like _ (invite) you _ (eat)dinner?12.Thank you for your_(invite)13. Im happy_(see) you again.14. He lives far from her,so he always _(catch)the early bus to school.15. The girl is so kind that she never refused _(help) others.【答案】e 7.inviting 8.having 9.to hang 10.to play 11.to invite ;to eat 12.invitation 13.to see 14.catches 15.to help（三）句型转换16. He has to study for the geography test.(划线提问) What _ he _ to _?17. Lets go to the movie.(同义句)How _ _ to the movies?18. She took good care of her sick mother. (同义句)She