八上Unit2Topic2SectionB

1、八上Unit 2Topic 2 Section B一、学习目标 Aims and demands1. 掌握本部分重点词组和句型。2. 学会使用情态动词 must, must not，掌握祈使句句型。二、学法指导 How to study1. 认真阅读Unit2 Topic2 SectionB，并对语言点、难点做出标记；2. 记本部分单词、学案所列出的词组和句型；3. 学习学案，并完成学案上的练习题；三、 自主预习 Preparation.英汉互译下列单词并标上词性。1.article_( ) 2.smoke _( ) _( )3.litter _( ) _( ) 4.enough _( ) _

2、( ) _( )5. 癌_ ( ) 6. 垃圾箱_( )7. 能量；精力_( ) 8.必需的，必要的 _( ). 在课本中找出下列短语划在书上并翻译1在阳光下读书_ 2对有害_3让某人做某事_ 4戒烟_5把某物出示给某人看_ / _6将垃圾丢入垃圾箱_7到处扔垃圾_ 8对必要_9保持活力_ 10在一天中_ / _ 11给某人某物_ / _. 翻译并熟记下列句子.1 他认为吸烟可以放松自己。_2禁止践踏草坪。_3散步是项好运动，它对你的健康必不可少。_4不吃早餐上学对你的健康有害。_5多么可怕啊！我一定要让他戒烟。_四、知识链接 Hot link1must 的用法我们平时说话总会用到“必须；必要

3、；应该；一定”等字眼，其实，在英语中这些意思绝大多数由must一词来担当。说到这里，让我们一起对must来个彻底的了解吧。 (一)、must的个性： must拥有情态动词家族的共性：无人称和数的变化，也无时态变化。作谓语时一律用“must +动词原形”结构。 (二)、must的本领： （1）must表示说话人的主观看法或愿望，认为“必须”做某事。例如： I _ _ hard. 我必须努力学习。 （2）表示要求某人必须做某事时，主语用其它人称。例如： You must wait in line. 你必须排队等候。 （3）在肯定句中，must可以表推测，语气要比may肯定得多。must表示对某事把

4、握很大的推测，只能用于肯定句，意为“想必；准是；很可能”； must be表示“必定无误”。当表示对现在的情况进行推测时，must后也接动词原形或动词的现在分词。当情态动词may与be连用，表示推测时，其肯定程度比must要小得多。在否定句型表示推测的含义时不用mustn't而用 can't。例如： She _ _our new Chinese teacher.她一定是我们的新的语文老师。The door is closed. He can't be at home. 门关着，他一定不在家。 (三)、must的变脸： （1）must的否定式是在must后面加上not，常

5、缩写成mustn't，意思是“决不可；千万不能；务必不要；禁止”。在对May I .?作否定回答时用No， you mustn't / can't。例如： You _ tell her this news. 你绝不能（千万不要）告诉她这消息。 You _ _smoke her.e你绝不能在这儿抽烟。（2）must的疑问式是将must提在主语前。must用在问句中作“必须”解，这时要注意肯定与否定回答时的用语。其肯定简略答语是Yes，主语+ must。若是否定回答，则是No，主语+needn't或don't have to。例如： Must I finis

6、h my homework today? 今天我必须完成我的作业吗？ No，you _ / Yes， you_. 不必。/ 对，你必须完成。2. give up【课文原句】_.【导学点拨】give up放弃，当后面接动词作宾语时，应用 v.-ing形式。 give up doing sth. =stop doing sth.e.g. You should stop _. =You should _ _ _. 你应该戒烟。3.throw litter around【课文原句】_.【导学点拨】 throw around意为“抛撒.” aroundt在这里是副词，与throw一起构成动词短语。后接宾

7、语如果是名词时放在副词前后都可，是代词时只可放在动词和副词之间。即 “名词两边，代词中间”。e.g. Dont _ _ _.别乱扔它。Don't throw waste paper around= Dont throw around waste paper.不要到处扔废纸。 4. be necessary for【课文原句】_.【导学点拨】be necessary for对于来说是必不可少的e.g. Sunshine _ _ _our life. 阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。5. be good for【课文原句】_.【导学点拨】be good for 对好，有益。e.g. E

8、xercise _ _ _ our bodies. 运动对我们的身体有益.6. during the day【课文原句】_.【导学点拨】during the day在一天中，相当于 in the daytime during prep.在期间 e.g. during the holidays在假期里五、目标检测 Practice I.根据句意及首字母提示填空。1. Eating fruit keeps us h_.2. Walking is n_ for good health.3. K_ long fingernails is a bad habit.4. You mustnt t_ lit

9、ter about. Youd better keep enviroment clean and tidy.5. He is very poor, he has not e_ food to eat.6.Chocolate gives you e_. But eating too much is bad for your teeth.7.He wrote an a_about Wang Xiaoya.8. S_up late is bad for your health.9. We should do more exercise to keep us h_.10.Many d_are caus

10、ed by germs.II. 请你帮每个情态动词复位。may, need, can, must, have to, could, should 1. She _speak English, but I cant. 2. Helen _ swim when she was seven years old.3. _ I borrow your pen?4. We _ finish our homework today.5. You _ not eat between meals. It will make you fat.6. Tomorrow is a holiday. _ you go to

11、 the office?7. They wouldt like to leave their team, but one of them will _do that.III. 单项选择( ) 1. He goes to work _ the day, and studies _ night. A. in; in B.at; at C.in; at D. at; in( ) 2.Li Lei, dont walk _the lawn. A. about B.at C.in D. on( ) 3. It is necessary _ us _ hands before or after meals

12、. A.to; to wash B.for; for washing C.for; to wash D.to; for washing( ) 4.-Must we drink eight cups of water every day? - Yes, you _. A. may B.can C.need D.must( ) 5.Its a good habit _ do moring exercises. A.for B.to C.by D.inIV.完形填空David was a doctor. He spent 1 time in playing when he was in the me

13、dical college. Of course, he learned nothing. Later on he tried to find a 2 in the cities, but he failed. He 3 return to his hometown. It was 4 and there was only one hospital in it. He thought he knew much and looked down upon(瞧不起) his 5 . But soon the patients found he was not a good doctor 6 few

14、asked him to look them over. He knew but he didnt 7 .One day a traveler came into his office. The man caught a cold and wanted some 8 . David hoped to be paid more and looked over one of the travelers eyes 9 . “Oh dear!” called out David, “You have a bad heart disease. You should be in hospital and only I can help you!” “Please 10 my right eye, sir,” said the traveler, “the left one is false(假的).”( ) 1. A. muchB. a littleC. noD. little( ) 2. A. doctorB. jobC. hospitalD. friend( ) 3. A. mustB. shouldC. had toD. had better( )4. A. newB. bigC. smallD. beautiful( )5. A. parentsB. patientsC.