中考英语--中考英语八种时态全面解析

1、中考英语-中考英语八种时态全面解析1一般现在时概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month)，onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does,同时，还原行为动词。2一般过去时概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过

2、去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month)，in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。3现在进行时概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为时间状语：now,atthistime,theseda

3、ys,etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。4过去进行时概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。5现在完成时概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently,late

4、ly,sincefor,thepastfewyears,etc.基本结构：have/has+done否定形式：have/has+not+done.般疑问句：have或has。6过去完成时概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即过去的过去时间状语：before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month),etc.基本结构：had+done.否定形式：had+not+done.一般疑问句：had放于句首。7一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,mo

5、nth,year),soon,inafewminutes,by,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.基本结构：am/is/are/goingto+do；will/shall+do.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。8过去将来时概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：thenextday(morning,year),theollowingmonth(week),etc.基本结构：was/were/goingto+do；would/should+do.否定形

6、式：was/were/not+goingto+do;would/should+not+do.般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首。一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1 .阅读理解SayingnostartssmallAllrightthen-justonemorepiece.Wordseverygirlhassaidwhentheyarefacedwiththedeliciouscheesecake.Ofcourse,manyofusknowwemayeatthewholethingintheend.Itisntjustgirls.Mostofusfindithard

7、tosaynotosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpowerisveryimportanttosuccessandahappylife.Scientistsindifferentcountrieshavebeenstudyingtheeffectsofwillpoweronpeopleslivesforalongtime.Theresultsaresimilar,accordingtoanarticleonFebruary7intheGuardian,afamousBritishnewspaper.Inoneexperim

8、ent,scientiststoldyoungchildrenthattheycouldeitherhaveamarshmallow（圆形软糖）now,ortwomarshmallowsin15minutes.Waitingobviouslyneededmorewillpower.Scientiststhencontinuedstudyingthechildrenastheygrewup.Theywantedtoseeifsomechildrenalwayshadstrongerwillpower.Theyalsowantedtoseehowhavingstrongerwillpoweraff

9、ectedtheirlives.Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwomarshmallowswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.Oppositely,thechildrenwhohadshownweakerwillpoweratthatyoungageweremorelikelytobeinlow-paidjobs,tobeoverweight,tohavesocialproblems.Butthereishope,RoyFBaumeister,anAmericanso

10、cialpsychology（心理学）professor（教授）toldtheGuardian.Baumeistersayswecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles（肌肉）.Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthen（加强）ouroverallself-controlifwedoitregularly.Youcouldstartbymakingyourselfstandupstraight,speakingincompletesentences,orusingacomputermousewiththeotherhand

11、.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewhomanagetochangelittlehabitsoftenperformmuchbetterinlaboratorywillpowertests.Likemuscles,willpowercangettired.Donttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudonthaveenoughenergy,forexamplewhenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge（恢复）yourwillpowerwithagood

12、nightssleepandbyeatingwell.（1） TheexampleofagirleatingcheesecakeisusedtoA. provethatgirlshaveweakwillpowerB. introducethetopicofwillpowertothereadersC. showthatcheesecakeisespeciallyattractivetogirlsD. showtheconnectionbetweenwillpowerandsuccess(2) Whatcanweinferfromtheexperiment?A. Thescientistshad

13、alreadyknowntheresultsbeforetheexperiment.B. Itshowedthatwillpoweristhemostimportanttosuccessandahappylife.C. Thechildrenwhochosetowaitweremorelikelytobesuccessfulintheirlives.D. Thechildrenwhochoseonlyonemarshmallowatfirsthadstrongerwillpower.(3) WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthetrainingofw

14、illpower?A.Youshouldhaveagoaleveryday.B.Goodrestandproperdietcanhelp.C.Willpowerneedstobeexercisedregularly.D.Keepwillpowerfrombeingusedtoomuch.(4) Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A. Howwillpowerandmusclesaresimilarandhowtheycanbetrained.B. Howwillpoweraffectspeopleslivesandhowitissimilartomuscles.C. Ho

15、wwillpowerisimportanttosuccessandhowwecanmakeitstronger.D. Howwillpowerisconnectedwithsuccessandhowtheyaffecteachother【答案】(1)BC(3) A(4) C【解析】【分析】主要讲了毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。(1)细节题。根据Itisntjustgirls.Mostofusfindithardtosaynotosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpowerisveryimportanttosuccessa

16、ndahappylife.可知通过讲小女孩吃奶酪蛋糕的例子来引出毅力话题，故选Bo(2)推测题。根据Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwomarshmallowswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.可知毅力强大的孩子成功的可能性更大，故选Co(3)细节题。根据Baumeistersayswecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles(肌肉).Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthen(力口强)ourov

17、erallself-controlifwedoitregularly.可知要规律锻炼；Likemuscles,willpowercangettired.Donttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudonthaveenoughenergy,forexamplewhenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge(恢复)yourwillpowerwithagoodnightssleepandbyeatingwell.可知要好好休息和吃好，不能过度使用，故选A。(3)主旨题。根据全文可知讲的是

18、毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.阅读理解OneSaturday,wewerepreparingtogoawayfortheweekendwhenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.WhenIwentout,Idiscoveredourelderlyneighborhadfallenonherfrontsteps.Shewasclearlyinpain,soIhelpedherinsi

19、deherhouseandsettledhereonthebed.Inoticedherroomwasverynarrowanddark.Itwasobviousshehadntcleaneditforalongtime.Sheinsistedshedidntneedanambulance(救护车)andthatsomeonewouldbearoundsoon,soIleftherwithabottleofwateratherside.AsIleftIfeltsadwhenIrealizedthatwehadntcommunicatedwithher,exceptafewsmiles,fort

20、hepast18months.ShedidntknowmynameandIdidntknowhers,andIhadntevennoticedthatshehadntbeenoutsideforweeksbecauseofbadpaininherback.ThatweekendIvisitedmygrandmotherforher80thbirthdayandnoticedhowcleanandspaciousherflatseemedincomparisontomyneighbours.Myneighbour,asfarasIknew,hadnofamilyregularlydropping

21、by.WhenIreturnedhomeIwenttovisither.Verygratefultoseeme,sheexplainedshewasokay.Yet,unabletobenddownduetoherback,herkitchenwasfillingwithgarbagethatshewasunabletotakeoutbyherself.Wevebecomegoodfriendsandchateverysecondday.Shekeepsthankingmeformykindness,butIenjoyhelpingher.Now,everytimeIreturnfromput

22、tingouthergarbage,collectinghermailorjustchatting,Ifeeladeepsenseofsatisfactionandpeace.(1) Whathappenedwhentheywerepreparingtogoaway?A. Thedaughterwascryingforhelp.B. Thedaughterwasstillsleepinginbed.C. Nobodycametolookaftertheoldwoman.D. Theirelderlyneighborfelldown.(2) Whydidtheauthorfeelsadwhens

23、helefttheoldwomanshouse?A.Thehouseshelivedinwasverysmallanddark.B.Theydidntcaremuchforeachotherasneighbors.C.Theauthordidntknowtheoldwomansname.D.Theauthorhadntnoticedthatherneighborhadbackpain.(3) Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.TidyB.SmallC.LargeD.Narrow(4) Whatcanwelea

24、rnabouttheoldwoman?A.Shehadbeenillformanyyears.B.Shealwayshelpedotherswhenshewasyoung.C.Shehadnodaughtersandsons.D.Shewasgratefulfortheauthorskindness.Theauthorgotadeepsenseofsatisfactionandpeacefrom.A.attendinghergrandmothersbirthdaypartyB.helpingherneighborC.havingabigfamilyD.knowingherelderlyneig

25、hborsname【答案】(1)DB(3) C(4) DB【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个偶然的机会作者看见邻居摔倒在门前，他把邻居扶进屋后发现，邻居家很脏乱，原来她是一个孤寡老人，后背因为疾病不能弯曲。作者很触动，对比了自己的祖母，他觉得邻居很无助。于是他开始经常和她聊天，帮她做一些理所们能及的家务事。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段第二句WhenIwentout,Idiscoveredourelderlyneighborhadfallenonherfrontsteps.可知当作者一家要离开时，一位老邻居摔倒了。故选D。(2)细节理解题。根据第三段“AsIleftIfeltsadwhenIreal

26、izedthatwehadntcommunicatedwithher,exceptafewsmiles,forthepast18months.ShedidntknowmynameandIdidntknowhers,andIhadntevennoticedthatshehadntbeenoutsideforweeksbecauseofbadpaininherback.司知作者虽然与老人是邻居，却几乎和她没有交流，也不知道彼此的名字，甚至她的后背有疾病都不知道。故作者感到很难过觉得没有关心到邻居。故选Bo(3)词义推理题。根据前文作者形容老邻居的房子是拥挤昏暗的。后文提到祖母的家是与老邻居的家形成

27、鲜明的对比的，故是明亮的宽敞的，故spacious的意思是大的，宽敞的。故选C。(4)归纳总结题。根据阅读文章可知，前三个选项文中都没有提到。根据最后一段第二句“Shekeepsthankingmeformykindness,butIenjoyhelpingher.可知老邻居对作者给予她的帮助非常感谢。故选Do(5)主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句Now,everytimeIreturnfromputtingouthergarbage,collectinghermailorjustchatting,Ifeeladeepsenseofsatisfactionandpeace.可知作者通过对老邻居

28、的关心和帮她做一些力所能及的事，甚至是聊天让作者觉得很满足很安心。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.阅读理解ThatcoldJanuarynight,IwasgrowingsickofmylifeinSanFrancisco.ThereIwas,walkinghomeatoneinthemorningafteratiringpracticeatthetheatre.Withopeningnightonlyaweekaway,Iwassti

29、lllearningmylines.Iwashavingtroubledealingwithmypart-timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametime.AsIwalked,IthoughtseriouslyaboutgivingupbothactingandSanFrancisco.Citylifehadbecometoomuchforme.AsIwalkeddownemptystreetsundertallbuildings,Ifeltverysmallandcold.Ibeganrunning,bothtokeepwarmandtokeep

30、awayfromanypossiblerobbers（抢劫犯）.Veryfewpeoplewerestilloutexceptafewsad-lookinghomelesspeopleunderblankets.Aboutablockfrommyapartment（公寓房间）,Iheardasoundbehindme.Iturnedquickly,halfexpectingtoseesomeonewithaknifeoragun.Thestreetwasempty.AllIsawwasashiningstreet-light.Still,thenoisehadmademenervous,soI

31、startedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmyapartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrealizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothestreet.SuddenlyIwasntcoldortiredanymore,andIranoutofthedoorandbacktowhereIdheardthenoise.AlthoughIsearchedthestreetanxiouslyforfifteenminutes,mywalletwasnowheretobefoun

32、d.JustasIwasabouttogiveupthesearch,Iheardthegarbagetruck（垃圾车）pulluptothestreetnexttome.Whenavoicecalledfromtheinside,AlisaCamacho?IthoughtIwasdreaming.Howcouldthismanknowmyname?Thedooropened,andoutjumpedasmallred-hairedmanwithanamusedlookinhiseyes.Isthiswhatyourelookingfor?heasked,holdingupasmallsqu

33、areshape.Itwasnearly3a.m.bythetimeIgotintobed.Iwouldntgetmuchsleepthatnight,butIhadgotmywalletback.Ialsohadgotbacksomeenjoymentofcitylife.Irealizedthatthecitycouldntbeabadplaceaslongaspeoplewerewillingtohelpeachother.(1) Howdidthewriterfeelwhenshewaswalkinghomeafterwork?A.Coldandsick.B.Fortunateandh

34、elpful.C.Disappointedandhelpless.D.Satisfiedandcheerful.(2) Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthatthewriterwasbusy.A.solvingherproblematthebankB.preparingforthefirstnightshowC.learningactinginaneveningschoolD.takingpartinvariouscityactivities(3) Onherwayhomethewriter.A.lostherwalletunknowinglyB.wasstoppe

35、dbyagarbagetruckdriverC.wasrobbedofherwalletbyanarmedmanD.foundsomehomelesspeoplefollowingher(4)Inthefifthparagraph,whydidthewritersayshewasdreaming?A.Someoneofferedtotakeherbackhome.B.Ared-hairedmancametoseeher.C.Herwalletwasfoundinagarbagetruck.D.Sheheardsomeonecallhername.Fromthetext,wecaninferth

36、atthewriter.A.wouldstopworkingatnightB.wouldgiveupherjobatthebankC.wouldstayoninSanFranciscoD.wouldmakefriendswithcleaners【答案】(1)CB(3) A(4) DC【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者在忙碌的工作之后感觉十分的失望无奈，只是在她回家的路上她的钱包在不知不觉中丢了，她在回去找钱包的路上遇到了归还钱包的清洁工，这份善良唤回了她对城市的信心。(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段Ithoughtseriouslyaboutgi

37、vingupbothactingandSanFrancisco.Citylifehadbecometoomuchforme我想过放弃表演和旧金山，城市生活对我来说真是变化太大了，可推测此时的彳者是失望和无奈的；故选Co(2)细节理解题。根据文章第一段Iwashavingtroubledealingwithmypart-timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametime可知我忙于准备晚上的表演；故选B。(3)细节理解题。根据文章第三段NotuntilIreachedmyapartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrea

38、lizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk.可知在她回家的路上她的钱包在不知不觉中丢了；故选Ao38.细节理解题。根据文章第五段AlisaCamacho?IthoughtIwasdreaming.Howcouldthismanknowmyname可知作者觉得在做梦因为她听到了有人在喊她的名字；故选D。(4)推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Irealizedthatthecitycouldntbeabadplaceaslongaspeoplewerewillingtohelpeachother可知作者改变了对城市的态度，

39、不再那么失望了，因此她很可能会留在旧金山；故选Co【点评】做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。4 .阅读短文，判断正误。MyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.Shedidntreallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook.Ididntlikeherfood.OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIco

40、ulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.Duringayear,Ihadmademostofitsrecipes(食谱)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenger(挑战).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyhappiness,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtestmydishe

41、sinitandmyskillbecamebetterandbetter.Nowasateenchef(主厨).Ihavecookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitformoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryouwillbefamousordowell,yourhappinesswillcometoyou.(1) Thewriterlikedhismothersfoodwhenhewasachild(2) Thewritersp

42、arentsallowedhimtobuildatestKitchen(3) Thewritersmothertaughthimhowtocook.(4) Nowthewriterisafamouschefaroundtheword.Thewriterisnotcookingformoney【答案】(1)01(5) 0(6) 01【解析】【分析】大意：作者由于不喜欢他妈妈做的菜，于是自学厨艺，最后成为全国知名主厨的故事。(1)细节题。句意：作者孩子时喜欢他妈妈做的食物。根据Ididntlikeherfood.可知，他不喜欢她做的食物，故答案为错误。(2)细节题。句意：作者的父母允许他建一个测试

43、厨房。根据myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.可知作者的父母同意他建一个测试厨房，故答案为正确。(3)细节题。句意：作者的妈妈教她烹饪。根据Ididmuchcookingtestmydishesinitandmyskillbecamebetterandbetter.可知，他自己买书来自学烹饪，故答案为错误。(4)细节题。句意：作者是一个世界有名的主厨。根据Nowasateenchef(主厨).Ihavecookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.可知他在全国各地顶级餐馆当主厨，故答案为错误。(5)细节题。句意

44、：作者当厨师不是为挣钱。根据Iamnotdoingitformoney,可知描述跟原文相符，故答案为正确。【点评】考查阅读理解。浏览文章大意，根据问题在文章中找到原句判断对错。5 .阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。Whatwilltheworldofthefuturebelike?Thereareplentyofpeoplewhoarehappytogivetheiropinionofwhatwewillbedoingin2050.Herearetwopredictionsabouttheworldoftomorrow.Whenwedreamaboutthefut

45、ure,manyliketothinkofowningapersonalflyingcar.Theadvantagesareobvious.Thistechnologywouldallowtotalfreedomofmovement.Wecouldflyat480kmperhour,avoidingtrafficlightsandbusyroads.However,somepeoplebelievetherewillbeproblemswithtrafficcontrol.Ifthecarsbecomepopular,thereislikelytobeairtrafficjam.Another

46、bigproblemismechanicalfailure.Whatwillhappenifthecarsstopworking?Theseareproblemswemustexpectifflyingcarsbecomeareality.Three-dimensionalprintingisanothernewtechnologywithexcitingpossibilities.3Dprintersareusedtobuildanobjectwithliquidplastic.Theybuildtheobjectlayerbylayeruntilitiscomplete.Carcompan

47、iesalreadyuse3Dprinterstomakelife-sizemodelsofcarparts,andmedicalcompaniesusethetechnologytomakeman-madebodyparts.Aswemoveintothefuture,3Dprintingwillrevolutionizethewayweshop,thewaywemanufactureandthewaywetreatsickpeople.Thedisadvantageisthatsuchequipmentwillbeextremelyexpensive.Sointhefuture,wemig

48、htbeabletoflytoworkorprintoutnewshoes.Althoughtherearesomeproblemstosolvebeforethiswillbepossible,wecancertainlydreamofaworldwheretechnologymakeslifeeasierandsaferformillionsofpeople.11)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Environmentalprotection.MB.Theworldoftomorrow.C.Advantagesoftechnology.(2) Whatdowel

49、earnfromthepassage?A. SomepeoplethinktechnologydevelopmentmaybringnewproblemsB. 3Dprintingcanbringgreatchangestoourlifeanditsequipmentischeap.C. Theflyingcarswontbringairtrafficjamevenwhentheybecomepopular.(3) Whatisthecorrectstructureofthepassage?(P1=Paragraph1)(4) Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtheyreferto?A.Carcompanies.B.3Dprint.C.Bodyparts.(5) Wecaninferthatthewriteraboutthefuturelifewithtechnology.A.doesntcareB.feelshopefulC.feelsdisappointed【答案】(1)BA(3) A(4) BB【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍很多人对2050年对未来世界的两个预