高考被动语态专项练习题及答案详解题库

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考被动语态专项练习题及答案详解题库一、单项选择被动语态1 in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.ABeing dressed; pick outBDressed; pick outCDressed; be picked outDHaving dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着，作状语表状态，故用dressed。sb be easy to

2、do sth主动形式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1.主语be +adj. +to do。能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。3.主语+be +too +a

3、dj. +to do。4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。I have a meeting to attend today.5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确2The two

4、 nurses _ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.ArewardedBwould be rewardedChave been rewardedDhad been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元”是发生

5、在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。考点：考查时态和语态3The affairs of each country should be by its own people.Aelected BsettledCdeveloped Dcontained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。4Many artifacts _ for the first time in the National Museum

6、at present.Awere exhibited Bwere being exhibitedCare being exhibited Dare exhibited【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语“at present”可知，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，主语artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。5Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?To demand smaller classe

7、s of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.Awas held Bhad been heldChas held Dheld【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选A。句意：你知道为什么上星期日中学老师召开会议吗？要求更小班，每个班不超过25-30个学生。6- Why dont we choose that road to save time?- The bridge to it .Ahas repairedBis repairedC

8、is being repairedDwill be repaired【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意为：我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢？通往那条路的桥正在维修。桥正在被维修，故用现在进行时的被动语态。答案：C7The plan for Xiongan New Area _ officially on April 1, 2017.Aannounced Bwas announced Cannounces Dis announced【答案】B【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动

9、语态。故选B。8105The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.Awill make Bwill be madeChas been made Dhad made【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选B。9Its reported tha

10、t China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research .Ahas been doneBwill have been doneCwill be doneDhad been done【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态及语态。句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国才会买进欧盟债务，含有not .until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，A正确。考点：考查时态及语态10I wonder why Robert hasnt shown up

11、 at the interview yet. Its a pity if he missedIm not sure, but he _ in a traffic jam riding here.Acould stuckBshould stuckCmust have stuckDmight have been stuck【答案】D【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。上句：我想知道为什么罗伯特面试还没有出现。如果他错过了很可惜。下句：我不确定，但是他可能被困于交通堵塞。此处表示对过去已经发生事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，根据句意可知是被动，故答案为D。11Are the repairs fini

12、shed yet?Yes, they _ when I came back home.Awould be completed Bwould completeChad completed Dhad been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。12A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.Aare trapping Bhave been

13、 trappedCwere trapping Dhad been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who _ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为

14、had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。13Mr. Wills, who was being helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he by lightning.Awas just struck Bwere just struckCwould just be struck Dhad just been struck【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：威尔斯先生被扶上了讲台，接受了这个奖项，他看起来就像是被闪电击中了一样。此处as if（好像）引导方式状语从句，用

15、虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时态，且主语he和strike之间是被动关系，故答案为D。14_scores of times, but Derek still couldnt understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.AHaving explainedBHaving been explainedCThough it was explainedDIt was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。15The old

16、 man was weak after the accident; so he _ carefully by us.Amust be take care of Bmust take care ofCmust look after Dmust be looked after【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我们仔细照顾。固定词组：take care of/ looked after“照顾”；句子主语he和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态，“情态动词+be +过去分词”。故选D。16People believe th

17、at the China Dream is not very difficult _ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.ArealizingBto be realizedCrealizedDto realize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用

18、于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。17As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes _ into operation nationwide by 2025.Awill have been putBwill have putChave been putDwill be putting【答

19、案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。18With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _in the past few years.AdiscoveredBhave discoveredChad been discoveredDhave been discovered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：因为有高科技的帮助，在最近

20、几年中，越来越多的新物质已经被发现了。根据时间状语in the past few years,说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D正确。19Youd better communicate with each other sincerely, and I hope to see your conflict _ tomorrow.Awas to be solvedBhas been solvedCwill have been solvedDhad been solved【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通，我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解决

21、。由时间状语tomorrow可知，此处应用将来时，conflict和solve之间为被动关系。因此C项的将来完成时符合语境，表示在将来某一时间以前（明天结束之前）已经完成的动作。故选C项。20The Palace Museum has put on many attractions since it _ in 2017.Ahad been rebuiltBwas rebuiltChad rebuiltDrebuilt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：自从2017年重新修缮，故宫博物院内部已经增加了许多景点。分析语境可知，重新修缮是过去某个具体时间点（2017年）发生的事情，应用

22、一般过去时；此处也可用固定句型have/has done since来理解，该句型中主句用完成时，since引导的从句使用一般过去时；故宫博物院是“被”相关人员修缮，应使用被动语态，was rebuilt符合题意，故选B。21We didnt play football yesterday.The match_.Awas canceled Bis canceledChas canceled Dhad canceled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天我们没有踢足球，比赛取消了。根据句意可知，match和cancel之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由yesterday可知，这是发

23、生在过去的一件事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。22The coach, together with his players, _ to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match.Awas invitedBwere invitedChas been invitedDhave been invited【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Frid

24、ay night（上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach，为第三人称单数形式，“together with”介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与The coach保持一致。故选A。【点睛】主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，

25、谓语动词也是复数形式。当than，with，as well as，along with，together with，like，rather than，except，not，but，including，plus，besides，in addition to等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。23I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_the cloth_well.Ahave told

26、;washedBhave been told;washesChave been told;washedDwas told;washes【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。“我”和“告诉”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一些动词wash，lock，sell，wear，read，open，shut，clean等，如果主语如果是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth washes well是指“这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。故选B。24

27、Why didnt you attend the assembly this morning?But I _ anything about that.Adidnt tellBhavent toldChadnt been toldDhavent been told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？没人告诉我。主语I和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又“没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C项。25The pine tree in front of the lecture

28、hall is so tall.Yes. It _ nearly 20 metres. AmeasuresBis measuredCwill measureDis measuring【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。是的。它近20米。measure此处意为“测量，量起来”，为不及物动词，后接量的结果，不用于被动语态或进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为it，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选A。26The Olympic Sports Center _at present in the city and is said to be ope

29、n to the public in 2019Ais built Bhas built Cis being built Dwill be built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说2019年会对公众开放。句中时间状语是at present意为“现在”，介绍正在发生的事情，主语the Olympic Sports Center与build该词被动关系，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故C项正确。27Time magazine has chosen “The Guardians”，a group of journalists who_ for their

30、 work, as Person of the Year, for taking great risks in pursuit of greater truths.Awill targetBhave targetedCwill be targetedDhave been targeted【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：时代周刊将“守护者”一群因自己的工作而成为受攻击目标的记者评为年度人物，因为冒巨大的风险追求更伟大的真理。根据句意可知，记者被攻击，且已发生，有对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时。故选D。28If the new safety system _ to use, the ac

31、cident would never have happened.Ahad been putBwere putCshould be putDwould be put【答案】A【解析】【分析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。【点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反

32、的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,youll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形2.与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不

33、能用would）c.were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+动词原形与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be-were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt help

34、ed us, we couldnt have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill, he might have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain

35、 tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you

36、 had followed the doctors advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有时时间会省略）含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teachers timely advice.（要不是）=if it h

37、ad not been forIf only you had worked with greater care!(要是.就好了）You would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the

38、singing competition.（实-虚）=I was ill that day. If I hadnt been ill that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didnt have enough money.（虚-实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didnt have enough money.省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和