十二、状语从句doc

1、十二、状语从句【要点点拨】近几年高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在以下几个方面：【考点 1】 when， while 与 as 的用法均可表示“当的时候”，但有区别：when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语动作同时发生。有时还有“这时”的意思。while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。有时还有对比意义，意为“然而” 。as：强调同时发生或伴随进行。常用一般现在时或过去时，意为“一边一边”。有时还有“随着”含义。 I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just doe

2、s the dishes nowand then.A. sinceB. whileC. whenD. as(2004广西 )【考点2】“一就”几种表达法once， as soon as， the moment / minute， immediately / directly / instantly引导的从句常用一般现在时或过去时。hardly / scarcely when和no sooner than 结构中， 前句常用过去完成式（常用部分倒装形式），后句用过去式。On doing sth.，each / every / the first / the last + time后也可直接接从句

3、，一起作时间状语。 Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.(2004北京西城 )A. whileB. the moment【考点 3】 because， as， since 与 for 的用法比较C. suddenlyD. oncebecause：表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答Why的问题。because与so 不能同时并列使用。since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。译为“既然”。as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。for：常出现在

4、并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，且不可位于句首。 _ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.(2004 江苏启东 )A. ForB. SinceC. WhenD. while【考点 4】no matter 后可接 who，whom，whose，which，what ，when，where，how，whether引导的让步主语从句可用 whoever，whomever，whenever，whichever，whatever ，wherever，however 替换，但在ever 引导其

5、它从句时不可用no matter 引导。 _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.(2004 上海春季 )A. However the study is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing【考点 5】 until / till 的用法 It was _ back home after the experiment.(200

6、4 湖北 )A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didn t goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didn t go Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in the grade.A. afterB. unlessC.

7、untilD. when(2003 北京春季 )【考点6】引导让步主语从句应注意等几个问题1由although / though，even if / though 引导注意although / though引导从句时，主句不能用but ，但可用yet 或still。2由whether or (not) 引导3由 though 或 as 引导的倒装句中。4 though 用作副词，可位于句末，并用逗号分开。 Dad, I ve finished my assignment.Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustn t disturb me.(2003

8、上海 )A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter【考点7】 before 用法注意 before 在下列句型中的使用It will be +一段时间+ before +从句It won t be long before 从+句before 一词在不同的句型中就有不同的意思，如：“在之前” 、“过了才” 、“没就”、“不知不觉就”等。 It will be a long time _ Mr. Black _ back abroad.(2002湖北八校 )A. before; comesB. since; has comeC. before; wil

9、l comeD. after; will come【考点 8】 where 引导的定语从句与where 引导的地点状语从句的区别 I have learned that a large new building will be set up _ the Twin Towers oncestood.So have I. But the American people havenA. whereB. whenC. which t yet got over the shock of September 11.D. that(2004 江苏南通 )【考点 9】 so that 可引导目的状语从句和结果

10、状语从句 Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.卷 )(2004全国A. becauseB. so thatC. even ifD. as【考点10】状语从句的省略用法1当when， while， if ， unless 引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且谓语部分由be 动词构成（或者从句中有it is）时，可省略主语和be 动词（或省略it is）。2在虚拟条件状语从句中，如果从句中有had，should，were 时，可省略 if，用“ had，should，were + 主语”形式。3 以 as， than 引

11、导的比较状语从句可全部或部分省去。4 as if 和 as though 从句可用省略形式，后接不定式、分词、形容词和介词。Theresearch is so designed thatonce _ nothing can be done to change it.(NMET2002)A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (2003上海 )A. when takingB. when t

12、akenC. when to takeD. when to be taken【各个击破】1 _, I couldn t lift the. boxA. As I might tryB. Try although I mightC. As try I mightD. Try as I might2The next moment, _ she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit over thehead.A. whenB. beforeC. sinceD. as3 Do you have any idea what Hank do

13、es all day? I know he speaks at least as much time watching TV as he _.A. does writingB. writesC. is writingD. does to write4 If the way _ you do the job is wrong, you will surely fail _ good your idea may be.A. how; howeverB. /; howeverC.that; whateverD. in which; how5 She must have gone out early,

14、 _ she had not shown up at breakfast.A. becauseB. sinceC. forD. therefore6 I don t think you ll be able to understand that _ you areagemy.A. evenB. only whenC. as ifD. even when7 Don t look down upon Bob. He has just own advantages. Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong.A. WhenB. ThoughC. WhereD.

15、 If8 Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though _ out of the office.A. to goB. wentC. goneD. would go9 Excuse me, is there a gas station around _ I can fill up my tank? Of course, there is one at the end of the road.A. thatB. in whichC. whereD. which10 I was advised to arrange fo

16、r insurance _ I needed some medical treatment.A. so thatB. in caseC. for fear ofD. though11 Mr. Li, though in a bad health, is always well prepared _ students attendlecture.A. in order thatB. so far ashisC. whoeverD. however many12 The earth goes around the sun _ the moon goes around the earth.A. so

17、 thatB. just likeC. just asD. as how13 Doing your homework is a way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true_ it _ classroom tests.A. before; getsB. as; makesC. since; takesD. when; comes to14 When he reads books, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear tohim.A. thereB.

18、whereverC. the placeD. in which15 It was not _ he took off his dark glasses _ I realized he was a famous footballstar.A. when; thatB. until; didC. when; then D. until; that十二、简单句【要点提示】1、感叹句：感叹句有两个基本句式句式：1） What + N. phrase + subject + be / v. !这里的名词短语有以下三种可能：a、 a / an + adj. +数c、 adj. + 不可数名词名词单数b、

19、adj. +名词复e.g. What a lovely boy he is!What sweet flowers they are!2) How + adj. + the + N.( 单数、复数、不可数)+ subject + be / link-v.e.g. How lovely the boy is!How sweet the flowers are!How could the weather is!How smooth the silk feels!另：上两种感叹句可以相互转换有时 , 在上下文明确的情况下，可以省略e.g. How (fast / well)the students w

20、ork!How 后面的形容词。How well / beautifully)she sings!2、反意疑问句：1) 反意疑问句一般遵循：前面肯定，反意部分否定、前面否定反意部分肯定的原则。e.g. He likes playing football, doesn t he?You don t watch TV in the evening, do you?注： a、当前否后肯时，要注意它的答局的意思。e.g. She doesn t speak English, does she?Yes, she does.不(，她讲英语的)No, she doesn是t的.(，不讲 )2）祈使句的反意部分

21、用 won t you?/shan t we?或 will you?/ shall we? 但常用 will you?/ shall we?e.gLend me a hand, will you?Let us pass through the room, will you?Don t make any noise, will you? Let s play tennis now, shall we?3）含有否定意思的副词： hardly 、 no、not、 never、 seldom、little 、 scarcely 等，属于准否定词，用于句中时，该句即为否定句。e.g. He hardly

22、 goes home on Sundays, does he?The little boy seldom tells lies, does he?但是像 unfair 、 useless、 impossible、 dislike 等词，虽然也有否定意思，但由于它们是在一个词前加前缀 dis- / im- / un- 等或在词后加后缀 -less构成的，不属于准否定词。当这些词用于句中时，该句并不是否定句，即：反意部分仍然用否定式。e.g. You dislike the way he speaks, don t you?It is impossible to finish the work i

23、n three hours, isn t it?4) must 表示推测时，反意部分用 must 后面的动词的相应助动词形式。e.g. He must know both English and French, doesn t he?She must have know the answer to the question, hasn t she?They must have visited the farm last week, didn t they?注意： a、 Let me 引起的祈使句，反意部分用will you? / won t you? / may。 Ib、当陈述部分的主语是：b

24、ody 或 one 构成的不定代词时，反意部分的主语用 he 或 they；是 thing 时，用 it。c、 I am .的反意部分用aren t I?3、双宾语：有些英语动词可以接双宾语，句式为：接宾语）英语中，能接双宾语的常用动词有：subject + vt. + sb.(间接宾语 )+ sth.（直ask、 promise、 cause、 play、 leave、 make 、do、 bring、 buy、 reach、 order 、 teach、 offer 、serve、 show、 tell、 wish . 。e.g. Can I ask you a question, Sir

25、?She made me a model ship for my birthday.注：带双宾语的句子可以被改为subject + vt. + sth(直接宾语 )+ 介词+ sb. 的形式。其中的介词，常用的有：to、 for 、 of。.归纳如下：hand owe pay post promise read returnsend showsth.tosb.teach boil buydrawchoose earnfindgatherorder savesth.forsb.singask request demandsth.of / fromsb.另还有： play a joke / tri

26、ck on sb ; play a game with / against sb.e.g.Excuse me, you demand too much from / of me.May I ask a question of you?4、句型： Subject + link-v. + n. / adj.在该句型中的系动词有特定含义，有“人称、数、时态”等形式变化。常用的有：显得： look , appear , seem变得： become , come , fall , get , go , grow , run , turn持续是： continue , keep , remain , s

27、tand , stay听（闻、尝、摸）起来：sound, smell, taste, feel证明是： provee.g. His words proved right.The dish smells wonderful.5、有些动词不表示动作，而表示事物的特性，用主动形式表示被动含义，这类动词有：wash, write, sell, drive, feel, hang等。.e.g. Some pictures are hanging on the wall.This kind of car drive smooth and fast.The pen writes well so sells well.【各个击破】1. _ nice weather it is! Let s go out for a walk, shall we?(04 西城月 )A. HowB.