长难句之状语从句

1、长难句之状语从句地点状语从句1. This has been interpreted as the remains of a workshop where molten metal was scoopedup from the channel and poured into molds in the holes. (TPO27-1) 分析：这句话的主干是 This has been interpreted as the remains of a workshop ，后面是由 where 引导的状语从句，修饰 workshop 。译文：这被认定是工厂的遗址。 在这里熔化的金属从水渠中要出来， 然

2、后倒入洞中的模具中。 interpret 解释；说明 v. remain 遗迹；残骸 n. scoop 舀取 v. channel 水渠 n.时间状语从句2. . The high quality of Roman pottery is very easy to appreciate when handling actual pieces of tableware or indeed kitchenware and amphorae (the large jars used throughout the Mediterranean for the transport and storage o

3、f liquids, such as wine and oil). (TPO29-1)分析 :这句话是由 when 引导的时间状语从句，主句是 the high quality of Roman pottery is.， when 从句省略了主语，括号的内容是对 amphorae 的解释说明。译文 :当把玩古罗马陶制餐具或厨房用具和双耳陶罐(一种大型陶罐，遍及整个地中海地区，用来运输或储存酒或油之类的液体)时，人们对其良好的质量赞不绝口。handle 触摸 v. amphorae 双耳陶罐 n. jar 陶罐 n. Mediterranean 地中海 n. 原因状语从句 + 让步状语从句3.

4、As the snow is deeper and lasts longer in the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. (TPO1-3) 由于山谷中积雪覆盖较厚且持续时间很长， 树木即便是生长在大风和贫瘠的土地里， 也往往 会在山脊上长得更高。valley 山谷 n. ridge 贫瘠 velocity 速率 n.让步状语从句 + 插

5、入语 + 条件状语从句4. Most Roman pottery is light and smooth to touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface. (TPO 29-1)分析： 这句话是由 although 引导的条件状语从句， 主句是 it shatters if dropped on a hard surface; 从句中又包含了个 if 引导的条件状语从句， if 从句中省略了主语 Roman pottery ， 把这句话补充完整的话是 if

6、Roman pottery is dropped on a hard surface; like 是表举例， like all pottery 作插入语。译文： 尽管绝大部分的罗马陶器很轻很滑也很坚韧， 但是它像所有的陶器一样， 如果碰 到坚硬地面时也很容易破碎。Pottery 瓷器 n. smooth 光滑 adj. tough 坚硬的 adj. shatter 打碎 v.时间(条件)状语从句 + 插入语 + 定语从句5. When such statues are viewed in isolation ， out of their original context and without

7、 knowledge of their function ， it is easy to criticize them for their rigid attitudes that remained unchanged for three thousand years.解析：when在这里做条件状语，其中are viewed是被动形式，in isolation是常用形式，意为用独立的方式；两个逗号之间的介词短语可以理解为插入成分，做解释说明之用， 不影响主句信息； 逗号后面 it 作形式主语， 真正的主语是 criticize them for their rigid attitudes ，

8、句中 that 引导定语从句修饰 attitudes 。翻译： 当这些雕像被单独看待， 脱离对其原始情境的了解和功能作用的认识， 很容易会 去对它们三千年不变的僵硬姿态发出责难。in isolation 用独立的方式 rigid 僵硬的 adj.时间状语从句 + 定语从句 +同位语6. According to conventional theory ， yawning takes place /when people are bored or sleepy / and serves the function of/ increasing alertness by reversing, thr

9、ough deeper breathing ， the drop in blood oxygen levels/ that are caused by the shallow breathing /that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom. (TPO 18-2)解析： take place 发生， when 引导状语从句， through deeper breathing 是对前面的 reversing 进行说明，是同位语成分， oxygen levels 后面的 that 引导定语从句，修饰 oxygen levels。翻译： 根据传统理论， 当人们

10、无聊或者困倦时才会打哈欠。 伴随人们缺乏睡眠或者感到 乏味的是浅呼吸，而浅呼吸会降低血液中氧的含量。打哈欠可以通过深呼吸颠倒这一过程， 增加血液中氧的含量以提高警觉性。conventional 传统的 adj. yawning 打哈欠 n.serve the function of. 担任 .的功能alertness 警戒 n, accompany 伴随，陪伴 v. boredom 乏味 n.条件状语从句 + 虚拟语气7. If the theory was correct ， breathing air with extra carbon dioxide should have trigge

11、red yawning ， while breathing pure oxygen should have suppressed yawning. (TPO 18-2)解析： if 引导条件状语， breathing air with extra carbon dioxide 为主语 should have triggered 为谓语，后面的 while 句 should have done 的结构代表虚拟语气，翻译： 如果这种说法是正确的， 那么吸入含有额外二氧化碳量的空气就应该能触发打哈 欠，然而吸入纯氧气就会抑制打哈欠。trigger 引发 v.yawning 打哈欠suppress 压

12、制，压抑原因状语从句 + 让步状语8. The amount of air exchanged is even lower in REM than NREM because, although breathing is more rapid in REM, it is also more irregular, with brief episodes of shallow breathing or absence of breathing.(Tpo24-2)解析：because引导原因，although让步状语从句翻译： REM 的空气交换量要比 NREM 低，因为尽管 REM 中呼吸更加急促，

13、但也更加 没有规律，包括一些简短的浅呼吸或呼吸暂停。4. The beasts were more disciplined,so that it was easier for hunters to predicttheir habits, and capture animals at will. (TPO28-2)分析：so that连接着句中的两个部分，意为“以便、所以”，表结果，it是形式主语，真正的主语是 for hunters to predict their and capture ani mals at will。译文：兽群变得更加自律了，所以猎人在预测它们的习性和随意捕捉动物方面变得更容易了。9. The experiments with domestication probably occurred in many places, as people livi ng in ever-drier environments cast aroun