苏教版M1unit2讲义

1、Unit one 词汇Attend vt. 出席，参加 attendance n. 出席的人数 出席 服侍 侍者 照看；照料 Present vt. 出席 呈现 提出 上演 赠送 n. 赠品, 礼物, 现在, 瞄准 adj.现在的, 出席的, 当面的 president prison Appeared 公开出席 adj. 源自于 appear vt. 出现 Presence n. 出席 Your presence at the meeting is requested. Assembly n. 集会 会议 （国会 议会 正式） Assemble vt. 集合, 聚集, 装配 vi. 集合 as

2、semble a machine assembled vbl. 装配,组合Meeting 会议 （广义） conference n. 讨论会, 协商会 convocation n. 集会, 召集, 教士会议 congregation 集会 （宗教）Assemblage n. 集会（趋向于人的集合 ）Earn vt. 获得，赚钱 挣得 n.earning earnings 收入 earned adj. 挣得的。Gain vt. Gained gaining gains获得（通过自己的努力获得）Obtain vb. 获得：经过计划或努力成功地获得；获得 Acquire 取得，获得：通过自我努力获得

3、： acquire a high score in math.Win 赢得 achieve 达到 获得 attain 达到 获得 Literature n. 文学 literator n. 文人 adj. literary 文学的 literarily adv. 文学上地Challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 challenge vt. 向挑战 challenger n. 挑战者 defiantly adv. 挑战地, 对抗地 Average grade lunchtime e-mail for free Woodwork n. 木工 工艺 Extra adj. 额外的 外加的 add

4、ed adj. 更多的、附加的 additional adj. 附加的 excess adj. 过度的Cooking n. 做饭 烹饪 cook vb. 烹饪 n. 厨师 Cooker n. 炊具 cookery n. 烹饪术 Prepare vt. Vi. 准备 preparative adj. 准备的 预备的 preparatively adv. Arranged adj. （源自于）arrange 安排好的 准备好的 provide vb. 提供 准备 setout n. 开始 准备Drop vb. 放弃 n. 下降 点滴 drop behind 落后 drop by 顺便访问 drop

5、 off 睡着 减少 Sales dropped off in the fourth quarter. drop out退出参加 give up abandon quitSpanish n. 西班牙语 西班牙人 Spain German 德语 德国人 Germany 德国 Japanese Japan American 美国人 美洲人 America 美洲 美国 Australian ad. 澳洲的 澳大利亚人的 Australia 澳大利亚 Korean Korea Miss vt. 想念 思念 n. 过错, 避免, 失败, 小姐, 姑娘 vt. 未得到, 未达到, 未听到, 思念, 未觉察

6、, 错过, 遗漏, 逃脱vi. 失败, 击不中 She misses her mother . she misses a bus . she messes the goal .Dessert n. 甜点 desert n. 沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过adj.沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的vt.放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑vi.逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差 Field Experience vt. N.经历 体验 经历 作为经验讲不可数 经历可数Article paper title passage （通过, 经过, 通道, 通路）一节 一段 Penfriend introduce vt. 介绍 institut

7、e n.&vt. 开始 创立 bring in present 引见 immediately adv. 立即 马上 They phoned immediately they reached home. at once Everything happened at once. The view of the skyline is at once awesome, grand, and disappointing. 所有的事都一起发生了。天边立刻呈现出令人敬畏的、壮丽的和令人沮丧的景色 right awayformer adj. 以前的 n. 形成者, 创造者, 模型, 样板 formal

8、 adj. 外形的, 正式的, 合礼仪的, 形式的, 整齐匀称的 informal adj. 不正式的, 不拘礼节的 uniform adj.统一的, 相同的, 一致的, 始终如一的, 均衡的n. 制服vt. 使成一样, 使穿制服recent adj. recently adv. Latest adj. proximate adj. current later-day culture n. 文化 & vb. 培养 种植 cultivation n. 培养 develop vt. 培养 养成 n. development developed developing photograph n

9、. donate vt. 捐赠 赠予 contribute sth. To give award 奖励 reward 回报 present gift present giving display on display discovery discover disappear disappearance disclose vt.揭露, 透露dismay n.沮丧, 惊慌v.使沮丧, 使惊慌kindness n. 友好 adj.+ness 表形容词的名次 selfish selfishness selfless selflessness fine finenessguest speech n. 演

10、讲 speak address flat department/apartment bookcase attention pay attention to attention please please vt. Dynasty cover discover discovery disclose Recent recently regret n.遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意vt.为.感到遗憾, 后悔, 惋惜, 哀悼, 懊悔vi. 感到抱歉 regretful regretfully regretless inform information uniform run run run host ho

11、stage approve broadcast on air in air preparation prepare close v.关, 关闭, 结束, 停止, 使靠近, 靠拢, 会合, 包围n.结束adj.近的, 紧密的, 精密的, 齐根的, 封闭的, 亲密的, 闷气的adv.接近, 紧密地 outing outgoing go along with easygoing continue poet poetry poem generation generate select selection choose pick up require requirement scary scare na

12、ture natural Nutrilite nutrition Attributive 定语在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句;相当于名词和形容词的作用。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 连接先行词和从句的词叫做关系代词或关系副词Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 关系代词和关系副词的作用1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用1 .Those who want to go pleas

13、e sign your names here. （ 主语）2. This is the house where he was born. （地点状语） 3. Bill, who I met yesterday, asked me a lot of questions. （宾语）关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系 指人指物在定语从句中的作用who主语（宾语） whom宾语which主语宾语that主语宾语whose定语在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：

14、(1) 当先行词是不定代词all, a lot, few, much, none, anything, nothing等或被不定代词all, any, no, much, little, few, every所修饰时。 All that can be done has been done. We heard clearly every word that he said. (2) 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。 The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets. (3) 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰时. T

15、his is the best film that I have ever seen. (4) 当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。 This is the very book that I want to find. (5) 当先行词既指人又指物时 She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most. 在下列情况中，只能用which ，不用that ：下面情况不用that: 介词后面：This is the book ab

16、out whichwe are talking now 非限性定语从句中：Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, whichhis parents expect. 当先行词本身是that时：Whats that which is flying in the sky?which和as的区别:as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻译为“正如，正像”；而

17、which常译为“这一点，这件事” 在限制性定语从局中，如果先行词被as, so ,the same, such 修饰时，关系代词常用as1._As_ is reported in the newspapers , talks between the two countries are making progress. 2. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others , _which_ , of course , made the others envy him .3._As_ I explained on the

18、 phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.4. Lets read such books as will make them better. as多用于一些习惯用语中：as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样as is well known = as is known to all 众所周知as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样as often happens 正如经常发生的那样as has been said before 如上所述as is mentioned above

19、正如上面提到的关系副词when, where, why的用法关系副词一般都等于一个适当的介词which，在从句中作状语。when= in/at/on/during+which where= in/at/on/+which why=for +which1 Do you still remember the day _when/on which_ we went to visit the museum together?2 This is the factory _where /in which _ my father once worked.3 This is the reason _why/f

20、or which_ he was late.(1)限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you? (2)非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。This note was left by Tom, who wa

21、s here a moment ago. 引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, as, when 和 where不可以用that和why 另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常用并列句或简单句来表达。I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother. = I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother. (三) 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通

22、常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。 The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions wassurprising. I dont like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.The way _A_ you thought of to solve the problem is wonderful.A which B in which C whom D whoseI dont like _A_ you learn English.A the way B the way i

23、n thatC the way which D the way of whichwhose  通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.   He has a friend whose father is a doctor.   我把那本封面是蓝色的书弄丢了。I lost the book whose cover was blue.注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is b

24、roken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?  在定语从句中，whose + 名词 _名词 + of which _ 考点1. 关系代词与关系副词的选择用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）.若从句缺主语、宾语、表语，必

25、须用关系代词若从句中不缺主语、宾语或表语，必须用关系副词Compare :A. I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. I will never forget the days that / which we spenttogether. C. This is the r

26、eason why he was dismissed.This is the reason that / which he explained to me forhis not attending the meeting.1. This is the place _ he works.This is the place _ we visited last year.2. That was the time _ he arrived. Do you still remember the days _we spent together?3. This is the reason _ he went

27、. The reason _ he gave us was quite reasonable.4. His father works in a factory _ radio parts are made. His father works in a factory _ makes radio parts. 考点2 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【1】当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词 只能用which / whom / whose In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help. R

28、ecently I bought an vase, the price of which was very reasonable. Mr Smith, in whose department she worked, came to see her.1. Do you know the boy _ _ to whom_ your mother is talking? 2. I still remember the day _ on which _ I first got to Paris.3. He gave me some novels _ with which_ _ I am not ver

29、y familiar.4. He gave me some novels _ _ which / that / 不填 _ I am not very familiar with. 5. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。This is the child who/ whom/ that I will look after.考点3 what 与 定语从句引导词which/that 1 Finally, the thief handed everything _D_ he had stolen to the police. A which B what C whatever D that2 He came

30、late again, _C_ made his teacher very angry. _B_ made the teacher angry was that he came late again. _A_ made the teacher angry that he came late again. A it B what C which考点4 注意插入语1. We feed children _B_are hungry. A whom we think B who we think C we think who D we think whom2. He made another wond

31、erful discovery, _A_ of great importance to science. A which I think is B which I think it is C which I think it D I think which it is考点5 定语从句中的主谓一致 1 I, who _AM_ your husband, should be responsible for you. (be)2 He is one of the students who _HAVE_ been to America. He is the (only) one of the stud

32、ents who _bas_ been to America. (have)3 To own a computer in families, which we thought_was_ impossible 20 years ago, now becomes true. (be)考点6 综合考查 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。定语从句与强调句 wherethat1.This is the library_where_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this

33、 library_that_I borrowed the book. 3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel_C_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when定语从句与同位语从句 that/which1. We all have heard the news_that_ our team won.2. We dont believe in the news _that/which_ he told us yesterday.定语从句与表语从句 C The place _ th

34、e bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （05 江苏） A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 不能无先行词找准先行词看成分判断关系词（主要看在从句中充当什么成分）对比训练与巩固1. We should go to the place_b_ we are most needed.2. We should go to the place_c_ needs us m

35、ost. A. it B. where C. that D. what1. It was October_c_we met in Damiao for the first time. 2. It was in October_a_we met in Damiao for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. while 1. He is such a good teacher_b_ we all like him. 2. He is such a good teacher_c_ we all like. A. whom B. that C. a

36、s D. which1 He often helps the students _b_ he thinks are not quick at their studies. A whom B who   C when D because 2 This is Mr. Smith, _a_ I think has something interesting to tell us. A who B whom C that D / 3 I will hire the man _a_ they say is a good English speaker. A who B that C

37、which D whom 1 Is this the museum _a_ you visited the other day? A. that B. where   C. in which   D. the one 2 Is this museum _d_ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A. that B. where   C. in which   D. the one 3 -How do you like the book? -Its quite di

38、fferent from _c_ I read last month. A. that B. which   C. the one D. the one what d 1.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town         he grew up as a child.   A. which       B.

39、when         C. that             D. where b 2. The gentleman         you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.  A. who    

40、B. about whom   C. whom      D. with whom d 3. Please take any seat         is free.  A. which       B. where          C. in which 

41、;        D. thata 4. The old man has two sons,         is a soldier.  A. one of whom B. both of them      C. all of whom              D

42、. none of themd 5. This is the ship         we crossed the Pacific(太平洋).  A. by which              B. by that             

43、60;       C. where               D. in whichB 6.New York is famous for its sky-scrapers(摩天大楼)，        has more than 100 storeys.  A. the higher of them  &#

44、160;         B. the highest of which  C. the highest of them           D. some of whichb 7. My home village is no longer the same         it used to be.

45、60; A. which          B. as          C. where           D. whenb 8.The boy         composition won the first p

46、rize is the youngest in the group.  A. who        B. whose          C. that              D. whichb 9. The weather turned out to be very good,