American System of Government 美国政府结构（课堂PPT）

1、1American System of GovernmentAmerican System of Government2American System of GovernmentAmerican System of GovernmentlThe Legislature (立法部门）lThe Executive （行政部门）lThe Judiciary （司法部门）3The Legislature (立法部门）lCongressl（国会）the Senate (参议院）the House of Representatives （众议院）Congress is the legislative br

2、anch of the federal government.4The Senate （参议院）lThe Senate has 100 voting members ,two from each of the 50 states.lRequirements: 1.A Senator must be over 3030 years old . 2.A resident (居民)in the state which they represent. 3.A Senator must have been a U.S. citizen for at least nine nine years.5The

3、House of Representatives（众议院）lIt has 435 voting members plus a non-voting representative from Puerto Puerto RicoRico(波多黎各），GumaGuma(关岛) and the District of Columbia respectively.lRequirements:1.Must be at least 2525 years old.2.Must have been U.S. citizens for no less than sevenseven years.6 The Exe

4、cutive （行政部门）The executive branch consists of 14 departments and many independent agencies.1.The department heads called : secretaries (secretaries (秘书处）秘书处）. .2.Who is the chief of the executive branch? Key: the Presidentthe President7The PresidentThe President really has enormous power.1.The Presi

5、dent has power to manage national affairs and the working of federal government.2.The President controls American foreign policy.Q: Who is the official spokesperson for U.S. foreign policy ? Key: the Secretary of State（国务卿）3.The President also holds significant influence in law-making.4.The Presiden

6、t can also influence the decision of federal courts.8 Question: Are the Presidents powers unlimited ? Answer : NOuHe must ask Congress for every dollar his administration spends.u He has to report to Congress on his military(军事的） actions abroad for approval.uHis nomination of (提名、任选) officials and h

7、is foreign treaties must be confirmed by the Senate.uIf he abuses his power or commits a crime , he may be impeached (弹劾）by Congress.9 The Judiciary（司法部门） The judiciary branch of the federal government consists of : 1. A series of courts 2. The Supreme CourtSupreme Court 3. The courts of appeals 4.

8、The district courts.10 The Supreme Court （最高法院） It now has one Chief Justice and eight Associate（副的）Justices.The major powers of the Supreme Court are as follow: To interpret laws .To interpret laws . To hear appeals from any federal courts cases.To hear appeals from any federal courts cases. To hear appeals from state court cases that To hear appeals from state court cases that involve the Constitution or national laws.involve the Constitution or national laws. May declare a law unconstitutionalMay declare a law unconstitutionala)a)M