宾语从句讲解通用课件

1、宾语从句讲解课件宾语从句讲解课件3教学难点教学难点 1. if与与whether的区别的区别 2.宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换 问题一问题一: 什么是宾语什么是宾语?宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置置于于及物动词或介词（动词词组）及物动词或介词（动词词组）后。后。I like my teacher. （名词作宾语）（名词作宾语）I know him. （代词作宾语）（代词作宾语）How is he getting along with his English?I

2、 enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）动名词作宾语）I am interested in playing piano.I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语）. We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句试比较问题二问题二: 什么是宾语从句什么是宾语从句?Do you know who is the fir

3、st Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight .Find out the Object Clauses We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语

4、从句三要素连连 接接 词词时态呼应时态呼应陈述语序陈述语序thatif/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问词连接词连接词+主语主语+谓谓语语+其他其他1.（that ）+ 陈述句陈述句He thinks, “ Lucy likes school.” He thinks (that）Lucy likes school.2. if/whether + 一般疑问句改写的陈述句一般疑问句改写的陈述句He asked,“Was Lucy late again?” He asked if Lucy was late again.3.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + 特殊疑问句改写的陈述句特殊疑问句改写的陈述句子子H

5、e asks me, “When will Lucy come ?” He asks me when Lucy will come.that当陈述句充当宾语时，由当陈述句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接连接练一练练一练1. This is a book.- I know2. You like singing.-She says3. He worked last night.- I know4. They will go home.-Tell Lucy主句主句(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate gets

6、 up early?(1) Is Jim a good student? I dont know I dont know if /whether Jim is a good student.当一般疑问句充当宾语，由当一般疑问句充当宾语，由_ 连接连接if/whether练一练练一练1. Is he reading ?1）Was she late yesterday?2. Does Tom work hard?2) Did you watch TV ?3. Will they read books ?3) Can you sing ?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从

7、句: :1.Do you know 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 2.I want to know if/whether 注意：注意：只能用只能用whether不用不用if 的三种情况的三种情况 一般情况下，一般情况下，if 和和whether可以互换，但以下可以互换，但以下 情况情况只能用只能用whether：1. 与与or not连用：连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming.2. 在介词之后：在介词之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain.3. 在不定式之前：在

8、不定式之前： We havent decided whether to go there.4.作主语只能用作主语只能用whether Whether he will come is not decided.3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接Eg:1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?2.Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词练一练练一练1. When does he get up ?

9、2. How did he go to work?3. Who will Tom play with?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三. . 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序-陈述语序陈述语序无

10、论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用运用陈述句的语序陈述句的语序，即是，即是“主语在前，谓语在主语在前，谓语在后后”的顺序。的顺序。四四.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化I hear (that)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( pla

11、y ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. 填一填填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则需要性原则）2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从

12、句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则呼应性原则）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) He to Hong Kong .2) He sick.3) He a book . 4) He his work.He said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading had finished 确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句

13、时态根据主句时态)work主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态由从句决定时态由从句决定一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时work一般过去时一般过去时worked一般过去时一般过去时 worked过去完成时过去完成时had worked一般将来时一般将来时will work过去将来时过去将来时would work现在进行时现在进行时is working 过去进行时过去进行时was working现在完成时现在完成时have worked过去完成时过去完成时had worked 3. 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的真理时，当宾语从句

14、说明的是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（在时态。（特殊性原则特殊性原则）He told me (that) Summer is after Spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.比一比比一比比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I can do it. I dont know where

15、to go. Tell me how to do it. 你有什么发现？ 结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词 + to do 的简单句。 五.宾语从句与简单句的转换练一练1.I dont know what I shall do next .(变为简单句 I dont know _next .2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(变为简单句） John didnt decide_ .3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句） Can you tell me _ t

16、he bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合句）Can you tell Lucy_ the MP5.What to dowhich book to buyhow I can get to how she can use 1.Could you tell me we get to the place? Ahow Bwhether Cwhere Dwhat 2.The teacher saysshe will leave a message on the headmasters desk. Aif Bwho Cthat Dwh

17、at 3.I am not sure _ he will come tomorrow. A. that B. if C. what D. who 4.-Do you remember _ he came? -Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. ifAC解题指导一：解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词判断语义，选择连接词Exercises:BA5.Do you know how much hot water?AMum is neededBdoes Mum needCMum needs Ddid Mum need6.Can you

18、tell me?Awhere he is Bwhere is he Che is where Dwhat is he7.I want to know how long.Ahas he been backBhas he come backChe has been backDhe has come backCAC解题指导二：解题指导二：陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语，8.I thought he _to see his mother if he _time.Awill gohasBwill go will haveCwould go would haveDwould go had9.Do you know?A. what the news areB. what is the newsC. what the news is D. what are the news解题指导三解题指导三: 时态呼应时态呼应若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句的时态要用过去的某个若主句是过