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1、1.unexpected adj. 其其反义词为:反义词为:expected,副词为:副词为:unexpectedly出乎意料地出乎意料地Im surprised at the unexpected news.2.by the time 在在.以前,引导时间状语从句以前,引导时间状语从句若从句用若从句用一般过去一般过去时,主句常用时,主句常用过去完成过去完成时。时。eg. By the time I came in ,Tom had written his name on the blackboard.3. oversleep(overslept, overslept)不及物不及物动词,动词,

2、“睡过头,睡得太久睡过头,睡得太久”。 He overslept and missed the train.4. ring(rang, rung)不及物动词,意为不及物动词,意为“钟、钟、铃等铃等”鸣;响。鸣;响。 Listen! The telephone is ringing.5.give sb. a lift =give sb. a rideHe often gives me a lift to the library.6. block 可数名词可数名词, 意为意为“街区街区”。 Lets walk round the block.7. in line with: “与与.成一排成一排”

3、。 You should stand in line with the other girls.8.stare vi. 常用短语常用短语stare at “凝视,盯着凝视,盯着看看”,表示,表示“睁大眼睛凝视睁大眼睛凝视”,并含有,并含有“惊奇惊奇”“”“傲慢傲慢”或或“茫然茫然”的意思。的意思。eg.I screamed and everyone stared.Its rude to stare at people.9. disbelief 不可数不可数n. in disbelief怀疑地,怀疑地,难以置信地,在句中作状语。难以置信地,在句中作状语。He listened in disbel

4、ief to this strange story.10. (1)above: 在在.上面。不接触,不垂直。上面。不接触,不垂直。 反义词:反义词:below. (2)over:在在.正上方。正上方。 不接触,垂直。反不接触,垂直。反义词:义词:under (3)on:在在.上面。表面接触。上面。表面接触。The plane flew above the clouds.The light is over my head. 11. burning 此处是现在分词形式的形容词,此处是现在分词形式的形容词,意为意为“着火的;燃烧的着火的;燃烧的”,在句中做定语,在句中做定语,修饰后面的名词修饰后面的

5、名词building. 过去分词形式的过去分词形式的形容词形容词burned,意为,意为“烧过的,烧完的烧过的,烧完的”。eg.The milk has burnt.He rushed into the burning house.12. alive 活着的,有生气的,活着的,有生气的,修修饰人或物,可作后置定语或表语饰人或物,可作后置定语或表语。反义词。反义词dead live 活生生的,有生命的。常活生生的,有生命的。常修饰物,前置定语修饰物,前置定语 a live fish living 健在的健在的;活着的。活着的。 修饰修饰人或物,前置定语或表语人或物,前置定语或表语 lively活

6、泼的,生气勃勃的修活泼的,生气勃勃的修饰人及其行为或活动,定语表语饰人及其行为或活动,定语表语8.pie 果馅饼果馅饼c./u.9.by the end of“在在.之前;到之前;到.结束时结束时”。 其后若接过去的时间,其后若接过去的时间,句子常用过去完成时;如果接表示将句子常用过去完成时;如果接表示将来的时间,则句子用一般将来时。来的时间,则句子用一般将来时。eg. By the end of last month, they had planted thousands of trees. By the end of next week, I will finish reading thi

7、s book.10.by the end of +表示时间的表示时间的名词(短语)名词(短语)at the end of 在在.尽头尽头 时间、时间、地点名词(短语)地点名词(短语)in the end 最后,最终最后,最终=at last=finallyaboveburnburningaliveairporttillwestcreamworkdaypie我们学单词我们学单词在在上面上面着火,燃烧着火,燃烧着火的,燃烧的着火的,燃烧的活着的活着的机场机场直到直到西方,向西西方,向西奶油,乳脂奶油,乳脂工作日工作日果馅饼果馅饼出乎意料的出乎意料的在在以前以前背包背包睡过头睡过头鸣,响鸣,响捎捎一

8、程一程街区街区成一排成一排盯着看,凝视盯着看,凝视不信,怀疑不信,怀疑自我检查自我检查在在上面上面着火,燃烧着火,燃烧着火的,燃烧的着火的,燃烧的活着的活着的机场机场直到直到西方,向西西方,向西奶油,乳脂奶油,乳脂工作日工作日果馅饼果馅饼show upbeanmarketby the end offoolcostumeembarrassedcostume partyannouncespaghetti我们学单词我们学单词露面,赶到露面,赶到豆,豆荚豆,豆荚市场市场在在以前以前傻瓜傻瓜(特定场合穿的)服装(特定场合穿的)服装尴尬的,窘迫的尴尬的,窘迫的化妆舞会化妆舞会宣布宣布意大利面条意大利面条h

9、oaxsell outdiscoveryladycancelofficerbelievabledisappearembarrassing我们学单词我们学单词骗局,恶作剧骗局,恶作剧卖光卖光发现,发觉发现,发觉女士,女子女士,女子取消,终止取消,终止军官,官员军官,官员可相信的,可信任的可相信的,可信任的消失消失使人难堪的使人难堪的露面,赶到露面,赶到豆,豆荚豆,豆荚市场市场在在以前以前傻瓜傻瓜特定场合穿的服装特定场合穿的服装尴尬的,窘迫的尴尬的,窘迫的化妆舞会化妆舞会宣布宣布意大利面条意大利面条自我检查自我检查骗局,恶作剧骗局,恶作剧卖光卖光发现,发觉发现,发觉女士,女子女士,女子取消,终止取

10、消,终止军官,官员军官,官员可相信的,可信任可相信的,可信任的的消失消失使人难堪的使人难堪的Points on P49be full of = be filled with 充满充满take a shower 淋浴洗澡淋浴洗澡by the time 在在之前,当之前,当的时候的时候leave sth. at home 把把落在家里落在家里oversleep=overslept-oversleptring-rang-rungBy the time +一般过去式句子,一般过去式句子,过去完成时句子过去完成时句子When +一般过去式句子,一般过去式句子, 过去完成时句子过去完成时句子过去完成时构成

11、过去完成时构成 had +动词过去分词动词过去分词 Memory充满充满be full of = be filled with 淋浴洗澡淋浴洗澡take a shower 在在之前,当之前,当的时候的时候by the time把把落在家里落在家里leave sth. at home 睡过头睡过头oversleep=overslept-overslept响响ring-rang-rung MemoryBy the time +一般过去式句子,一般过去式句子,过去完成时句子过去完成时句子当我到达车站的时候,汽车已经离开了。当我到达车站的时候,汽车已经离开了。By the time I got to

12、the station, the bus had left.When +一般过去式句子,一般过去式句子, 过去完成时句子过去完成时句子当我走进教室的时候,老师已经开始授课了。当我走进教室的时候,老师已经开始授课了。When I walked into the classroom, the teacher had started teaching.过去完成时构成过去完成时构成 had +动词过去分词动词过去分词 Points in 2dbe late for 迟到迟到go off (闹钟等)发出响声(闹钟等)发出响声wake up (wake-woke-waken) 醒来醒来put on 穿上穿

13、上rush out 冲出去冲出去brush ones teeth 刷牙刷牙luckilygive sb. a lift 捎某人一程捎某人一程at least 至少至少 Memory迟到迟到(闹钟等)发出响声(闹钟等)发出响声醒来醒来穿上穿上冲出去冲出去刷牙刷牙幸运的是,幸运的是,捎某人一程捎某人一程至少至少 be late forgo offwake up (wake-woke-waken) put onrush out brush ones teeth Luckily,give sb. a lift at least Points in Para1in May 2001 在在2001年年5月

14、月on September 11, 2001 在在2001年九月年九月11号号at around 8:30 a.m. 在早上八点半在早上八点半be about to do 要做某事要做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事决定做某事even though 尽管尽管1.two blocks east from my office 距离我的办公室距离我的办公室向东两个街区向东两个街区Points in Para1wait in line with 排成一排等候排成一排等候a loud sound 一声巨响一声巨响Before 过去式,过去完成时过去式,过去完成时hit-hit-hit

15、撞击,敲打撞击,敲打in disbelief 难以置信地难以置信地stare at 盯着盯着看看rise above the burning building 从燃烧的大楼上空从燃烧的大楼上空升起升起 Memory在在2001年年5月月在在2001年九月年九月11号号在早上八点半在早上八点半要做某事,打算做某事要做某事,打算做某事决定做某事决定做某事尽管尽管距离我的办公室向东两距离我的办公室向东两个街区个街区in May 2001 on September 11, 2001 at around 8:30 a.m. be about to do decide to do sth. even th

16、ough two blocks east from my officeMemory排成一排等候排成一排等候一声巨响一声巨响Before _,_撞击,敲打撞击,敲打难以置信地难以置信地盯着盯着看看从燃烧的大楼上空升起从燃烧的大楼上空升起 wait in line with a loud sound过去式过去式,过去完成时过去完成时hit-hit-hit in disbelief stare atrise above the burning building Retell 在在2001年年5月月, I found a job in New York at the World Trade Cente

17、r. 在在2001年年9月月11号号, I arrived at my building 在大约早上在大约早上8:30 I 正要打正要打算算 go up when I 决定去买决定去买 a coffee first. I went to my favorite coffee place 尽管尽管 it was 距离我距离我的办公室向东两个街区的办公室向东两个街区. As I was 和和排队等候排队等候 other office workers, I heard 一声巨响一声巨响. Before I could join the others outside to see what was g

18、oing on, the first plane had already hit my office building. We 难以置信地盯着难以置信地盯着 the black smoke 从燃烧的大楼上空升起从燃烧的大楼上空升起. I felt lucky to be alive.Points in Para2almost 10 years later 近十年后近十年后wake up 醒来醒来on February 21, 2011 在在2011年年2月月21号号go off 发出响声发出响声jump out of bed 从床上跳起来从床上跳起来go straight to the air

19、port 直接去机场直接去机场take off 起飞起飞Points in Para2miss the plane 错过飞机错过飞机What bad luck! 真倒霉!真倒霉!wait till the next day 等到第二天等到第二天hear about 听说听说the day before 前一天前一天unexpectedly 出乎意料地出乎意料地turn into 转变成转变成Memory近十年后近十年后醒来醒来在在2011年年2月月21号号发出响声发出响声从床上跳起来从床上跳起来直接去机场直接去机场起飞起飞almost 10 years laterwake upon Febru

20、ary 21, 2011 go offjump out of bed go straight to the airport take offMemory错过飞机错过飞机真倒霉!真倒霉!等到第二天等到第二天听说听说前一天前一天出乎意料地出乎意料地转变成转变成miss the planeWhat bad luck! wait till the next day hear about the day before unexpectedlyturn intoLife is full of the unexpected Almost 十年后十年后, I 醒来醒来 at 10:00 a.m. 在在2011

21、年年2月月21号号 and realized that my alarm never 发发出响声出响声. I 从床上跳起来从床上跳起来 and 直接去了机场直接去了机场. But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already 起飞起飞. “This is the first holiday Ive taken in a year, and now Ive 错过错过了飞机了飞机. 真倒霉真倒霉!” I thought to myself. The other planes were full so I

22、had to 等到第二天等到第二天. The next morning, I 听说听说 the earthquake in New Zealand 前一天前一天. My bad luck had 出乎意料地出乎意料地 变变成了成了 a good thing.1.leave (left,left)常用结构:)常用结构:leave +宾语宾语+地点状语地点状语,把某物忘在某处,把某物忘在某处 forget sth.忘记某物,其后忘记某物,其后不能加地点不能加地点状语状语。 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留把某人单独留下下I forget my keys.3.go off响响=

23、 ring 也可表示食物变质,灯熄灭,质量下降也可表示食物变质,灯熄灭,质量下降4.be about to do 刚要做某事,即将做刚要做某事,即将做某事某事,常与,常与when 引导的时间状语连用引导的时间状语连用。 eg. I was about to do the homework when my father came in.5.turn into 变成变成turn .into 把把.变成变成6. get a chance to do sth.得到机会做某事得到机会做某事 (have) a chance to do =(have) a chance of doing(有)做(有)做.

24、的机会的机会7.leave for +地点名词地点名词 动身去某地动身去某地。1. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first. be about to 即将做某事。侧重于表示动作即将做某事。侧重于表示动作马上就要发生,常与马上就要发生,常与when引导的从句连用,引导的从句连用,但不与具体的时间状语连用。但不与具体的时间状语连用。 e.g. One of my friends is about to have her second baby. 我的一个朋友马我的一个朋友马 上就要生第二个小孩了。上就要生第二个小孩了。2.

25、 I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office. even though 即使,即使, 虽然,虽然, 尽管,尽管, 用于引导用于引导让步状语从句。让步状语从句。 block n. 街区街区 e.g. Hes the best teacher, even though he has the least experience. 他虽然经验最少,却是最好的老师。他虽然经验最少,却是最好的老师。3. We stared in disbelief at the black smok

26、e rising above the burning building. stare v. 盯着看,盯着看, 凝视凝视 表示看得比较仔细,有时候也带有吃惊表示看得比较仔细,有时候也带有吃惊的意味去看,常与的意味去看,常与at 连用。连用。 e.g. Dont stare at me like that. 别那样盯着我看。别那样盯着我看。in disbelief 不相信不相信 ,疑惑,疑惑, 怀疑怀疑e.g. Tamara stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head. 塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看,一边摇着头。塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看,一边摇着头。 Sh

27、e looked at him in disbelief. 她全然不信地看着他。她全然不信地看着他。above prep. 1)(表示位置)在(表示位置)在正上方;高于正上方;高于”(与(与 below相对)。相对)。 e.g. That big high-rise above us is where Brian lives. 我们上面的那座摩天大楼就是布赖我们上面的那座摩天大楼就是布赖 恩住的地方。恩住的地方。 He lifted his hands above his head. 他将双手举过头顶。他将双手举过头顶。2) 表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、

28、重要性等方面方面“超过超过”、“在在之上之上”、“比比强强”。 e.g. He is above the others in ability. 他的能力优于其他人。他的能力优于其他人。 He is above me in every way. 他各个方面都比我强。他各个方面都比我强。3) adv. 在上面在上面 e.g. There are snowy peaks above. 上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。 See the examples given above. 见上述例子。见上述例子。burn v. 着火,燃烧着火,燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, bu

29、rned)burning adj. 着火的;燃烧的着火的;燃烧的e.g. Ouch! The sand is so hot! It can burn my feet. 哎哟!沙子这么烫!会烫伤脚的。哎哟!沙子这么烫!会烫伤脚的。 He was trapped in a burning house. 他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。4. I felt lucky to be alive. alive 一般作表语;也可以作后置定语或宾补。一般作表语;也可以作后置定语或宾补。 “活活(着着)的;在世的;的;在世的;(继续继续)存在的存在的”;反义词;反义词是是dead。 e.g.

30、 Do you know shes alive? 你知道她还活着吗?你知道她还活着吗? People alive should try their best to live better. (后置定语后置定语) 活下来的人应该尽力生活得更好。活下来的人应该尽力生活得更好。 Tom was kept alive in the big fire. ( 宾补宾补) 汤姆在这次大火中活下来了。汤姆在这次大火中活下来了。辨析辨析 alive, living, livelyalive “活着的活着的”,在句中常作,在句中常作表语或定语表语或定语。作表语时,常可与作表语时,常可与living互换;互换;作定

31、语时,作定语时,常要放在被修饰词之后。常要放在被修饰词之后。living“活着的活着的”,在句中用,在句中用作表语或定语作表语或定语。lively“活泼的活泼的”,在句中可作,在句中可作表语或定语表语或定语。5. But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already taken off. airport n. 机场机场 take off 脱掉;脱掉; 起飞起飞 e.g. He took off his hat and bowed as he passed. 他经过时脱帽鞠躬。他经过时脱帽鞠躬。 We

32、eventually took off at 11 oclock and arrived in Venice at 1:30. 我们终于在我们终于在11点起飞,点起飞,1:30 到达威到达威 尼斯。尼斯。Complete the sentences.1. 我在动物园里见过活鳄鱼。我在动物园里见过活鳄鱼。 I have seen a _ crocodile in the zoo.2. 他是那场火灾中唯一活下来的人。他是那场火灾中唯一活下来的人。 He is the only person _ in the fire.3. 露西是个活泼的孩子,大家都喜欢她。露西是个活泼的孩子,大家都喜欢她。 Lu

33、cy is a _ child and everyone likes her.living alivelively4. The boy _ (正正要开始要开始) but someone spoke first.5. Hurry up. The train _ (马上就要开了马上就要开了).was just about to beginis about to start对照对照 解疑解疑 同行同行 在在之前之前 give sb. a lift 发出响声发出响声 wake up 穿上穿上 at least overslept backpack unexpected ring对照对照 解疑解疑 同行

34、同行l alreadyl Cl C Al A B C B D overslept gotten left run left对照对照 解疑解疑 同行同行 blocks airport market burned/burnt cream in line with got to/arrived at take off turned into by the end of对照对照 解疑解疑 同行同行l setl Bl B D D D B B E A D C对照对照 解疑解疑 基训基训 by the time 把他的书包忘在家里把他的书包忘在家里 go off 排队等候排队等候 run away 尽管尽管

35、 捎某人一程捎某人一程 break down/be broken feel lucky to do sth. 难以置信的盯着看难以置信的盯着看对照对照 解疑解疑 基训基训 当我到家的时候,我意识到我把钥匙落在当我到家的时候,我意识到我把钥匙落在我的书包里了。我的书包里了。 当她起床的时候,他哥哥早已进入浴室洗当她起床的时候,他哥哥早已进入浴室洗澡了。澡了。 当我要上去的时候,我决定先去买杯咖啡。当我要上去的时候,我决定先去买杯咖啡。 We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building. Unlu

36、ckily, the bus had already left by the time I got there.对照对照 解疑解疑 基训基训 What happened By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower. got out of By the time I went outside, the bus had already left When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.对照对照 解疑解疑 基训基训 go up

37、 was waiting in line stared in disbelief rising be alive woke up went off jumped out of went straight taken off对照对照 解疑解疑 基训巩固训练基训巩固训练 disbelief unexpected workers above west missed above market pies unexpected turned into thought to take off is full of wait in line D A B B AFinish the task1. 过去完成时的构

38、成:过去完成时的构成:_+_2. 过去完成时表示:过去完成时表示: _ _3. 过去完成时常与过去完成时常与_等引导的时间等引导的时间状语连用。状语连用。had过去分词过去分词when, before, by the time 过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。完成的动作。1)当我到达学校的时候,我才意识到我把书当我到达学校的时候,我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。包忘在家里了。 _ I got to school, I realized that I _ _ my backpack at home. 2)到我返回学校的时候,铃声已经响过了。到我返回学校的

39、时候,铃声已经响过了。 _ _ _ I got back to school, the bell _ _.WhenhadleftBy the time had rung根据汉语提示完成句子。根据汉语提示完成句子。3)我到达公共汽车站之前,我到达公共汽车站之前, 汽车已经离开汽车已经离开了。了。 Before I _ _ the bus stop, the bus _ _ _.4)我决定先买一杯咖啡,然后再去办公室。我决定先买一杯咖啡,然后再去办公室。 I _ _ _ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.got to h

40、adalready left was about to5)就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候的时候,听到了一个巨大的声响。的时候,听到了一个巨大的声响。 As I _ _ _ _ with the other office workers, I _ _ _ _. was waiting in line heard a loud sound When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell h

41、ad rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.由由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语等引导时间状语从句时,若描述发生在过去的事,主句常用从句时,若描述发生在过去的事,主句常用过去完成时过去完成时(had + 过去分词过去分词)表示动作发生在表示动作发生在过去的过去。过去的过去。 I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with th

42、e other office workers, I heard a loud sound.be about to do, be doing等表示即将等表示即将或正在做某事时,常用或正在做某事时,常用when引导从引导从句表示突然发生的动作。句表示突然发生的动作。4aMake sentences using by the time or before.1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up. By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.2. The coffee be

43、came cold. I put cream (n. 奶奶 油油) in the coffee. _ _Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school. _ _4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday (n. 工作日工作日) ended. _ _By the time I got to school, the teacher had collect

44、ed the math homework.I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema. _ _6. My mother finished making the apple pie (n. 果馅派果馅派). I got home from my language course. _ _ _The movie had started, before I arrived at the cinema.By the time I go

45、t home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _ already _.2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he _ to add the green beans (n. 豆豆).rush out, forget, arrive at, go into, show up (赶到;露面赶到;露面), find outshowed uphadhad forgotten3. By the time my mother came back from the market (n. 市场市场), I _ already _ the door to go for my piano lesson.4. Before she g

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