非谓语动词攻略学案

1、非谓语动词攻略一能用作主语和宾语的只有动名词doing和不定式(to do) 1.作主语Swimming in the river is dangerous. (表抽象 ,泛指) Fishing is his hobby. (表屡次 ,习惯) To master a foreign language is not easy. To get less weight is not easy for me.=It is not easy for me to get less weight. (It 作为_)不定式的特征是_.2.作宾语 We enjoyed playing football afte

2、r school.3 作表语1.动名词: His hobby is collecting stamps.主语内容2.现在分词: The situation is encouraging. (主语特征)3.过去分词: The door remains locked.主语状态4.不定式: His wish is to be a doctor. (主语的内容)4 作定语1.动名词：That is a swimming pool.( )2.现在分词：一般式：He is a promising young man. 被动式：The meeting being held is very important

3、. 正在举办的会议很重要。3.过去分词：一般式Have you read the novel written by Dickens? 你读过狄更斯写的小说么？4.不定式(必须后置): They have a lot of homework to do everyday.(homework和to do是动宾关系) 正译：每天他们有许多要做的作业。 Would you like something to drink? 你想要一些喝的东西么？ Captain Cook was the last one to leave the sinking ship.库克船长是最后一个离开正在下沉的船的人。被on

4、ly first last next 以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常常用to do作后置定语抽象名词后表名词的内容：ability ambition attempt chance courage time decision effort failure promise right(权利) way wish +to doHe has fulfilled(实现) his ambition雄心to be a writer.表即将发生的动过 ,相当于定语从句The conference to take place in Shanghai next week is of great importa

5、nce.=The conference which will take place in Shanghai next week is of great importance.五：作状语(非谓语作状语句子需要增加翻译)：不定式作状语1.目的 He went out to get some soy sauce. To succeed, we must make good preparation. 2.结果(出乎意料) He left,never to return. The reporter went to the airport, only to find the star had alread

6、y left.3.原因 I am sorry to hear that. *4.在某方面 We are eager to take part in the work. 状语从句解析分词作状语1.表时间 When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _(hear) the news, he jumped with joy. When he was asked why he was late,the boy made no answer. _(ask) why he was late,the boy made no answer. 2.表原因As she

7、was ill, she went home. _(be) ill,she went home. Because he was encouraged by the teachers words,he went on with his research work. _(encourage) by the teachers words,he went on with his research work.3.表条件 If you work hard, you will succeed._(work) hard, you will succeed.If the trees are given more

8、 attention, the trees could have grown better._(give) more attention, the trees could have grown better.4.表让步 Having failed many times, he didnt lost heart. Though he was laughed at by many people, he continued his research work. _(laugh) at by many people, he continued his research work.5.表伴随 (无对应的

9、状语从句 ,由并列句改成) She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. She sat at the desk _(read) a newspaper.The teacher sat there,and he was surrounded by many students.The teacher sat there, _ (surround) by many students.6.表结果 She fell off the bike and broke her left leg. She fell off the bike,thus _(break) he

10、r left leg.7.表方式 Please answer the question using another way. 请用另一种方式答复这个问题 非谓语动词作宾补的区别1.I waited for him at the train station for an hour and I was afraid that he might miss the train, but luckily, he showed up with only ten minutes_.A.remain B.to remain C. remained D.remaining2.Open your heart,an

11、d youll make yourself better_.A.known B.knowing C. to know D.know3.If you have your kid _(behave)so badly,he may not get along well with others.1 感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,hear,feel +宾语+ do 主动完成 doing 主动 ,正在进行done 被动和完成 We heard her singing next door. We heard her often sing next door. We heard t

12、he song sung by her.2 使役动词1.make +宾语+do / doneHe made his workers work 12 hours a day.He tried to make himself understood.2.let +宾语+ do/be doneDont let your child play with matches.We will not let our history and culture be destroyed.3.have +宾语+do/doing/doneMother had me go to the shop and buy some

13、salt.The boss had the workers working day and night.(持续做)I had my computer repaired yesterday.4.get +宾语+to do/doing/doneHe got me to post the letter for him.The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.开始做Ill get my bike repaired tomorrow.5.leave +sb./sth.+doing(让某人/物一直做)

14、+sb.+to do(留下某人去做)+sth.+undone(留下某事未做)/be done(留下某事要做)Its wrong of you to leave the machine running.The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didnt taste delicious.He left, leaving me to do all the rest(剩下的) work.6.keep+宾语+doing(一直)/done(被动完成或状态)Keep the engine running.You should ke

15、ep me informed of his whereabouts(行踪).7.find+宾语+ doing/done/to be.Often I found her weeping alone.I found him buried in book.(完成？ 状态？)8.catch+宾语+doingI caught John reading my private letters.Have拓展have sth. done “主语遭受.Tom had his leg broken while playing football.have sb. doing “容忍某人.He couldnt have

16、 YongHui getting away with telling people lies.have sth. to do “有.I have something urgent to inform you.With+宾语+doing(主动且进行)/ done被动且完成 / to do将来John received an invitation yo dinner, and with his work finished,he gladly accepted it. With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly elected pres

17、ident is having a hard time.附表1：1、 只接动名词而不接不定式作宾语的动词口诀考虑建议盼原谅 ,成认推迟没得想。防止错过继续练 ,否认完成停欣赏。禁止想象才冒险 ,不禁介意弃逃亡。consider考虑 suggest建议 advocate提倡主张 look forward to 盼望forgive原谅 pardon 原谅admit 成认postpone延迟延期 delay 延迟 recall回想 fancy 梦想爱好avoid防止miss错过keep保持practise练习 deny否认complete/finish 完成cease停止/quit 放弃停止appr

18、eciate感谢欣赏 forbid禁止 prevent 阻止imagine设想risk冒险cant help 不禁mind介意escape逃跑逃避1、  enjoy doing sth.享受做某事2、  be busy doing sth忙于做某事3、  have fun doing sth很开心做某事4、  have problems doing sth有问题做某事5、  have difficulties doing sth有困难做某事6、  have trouble doing sth有麻烦做某事7、 spend some ti

19、me doing sth花时间做某事8、 prefer doing sth to doing sth更喜欢做某事9、 be used to doing sth习惯于做某事10、look forward to doing sth盼望做某事12、be interested in doing sth有兴趣做某事二、接不定式而不接动名词作宾语的30个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事   agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事     ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做