《基础英语》Book 3 Unit 4电子教案.docx

1、Unit FourI. Objectives Learn the cultural difference between the English and the French through reading, listening, and discussion. Learn the meanings and uses of some new words, phrases and sentence structures.II. Teaching Emphasis:1. The comprehension and appreciation of Text I;2. New words and ex

2、pressions:lobby, complexion, foreboding, shudder, scheme, psyche, moat, breach, in progress, screech, quirk, chic, grunge, reverie, scramble, lopsided, executive, distressing, badger, have the nerve to do sthIII. Teaching Procedures: (7 hours)Lead-in1. Movie Clip2. Quotes1. Movie Clip1. What did the

3、 English army do on April 4, 1357?The English army occupied (he village of Castlegard in France.2. Who was Lady Claire? What happened to her?Claire was French Commander Arnaut's sister, a woman of class and nobility. She was caught and hanged by the English army, which frenzied the French to ove

4、rpower the English and led to the falling of the fortress of La Roque in one night.Discussion:How much do you know about the UK-French relationship? This is an open question.Script-Listen up, class. April 4, 1357. Castlegard, France. The English army in lheir red uniforms occupied the village of Cas

5、tlegard. The French, meanwhile, were advancing, trying to drive them out of lhere, in this direction over (he river, past the monastery and up and over to (he heights here. Just leave it, Chris, that's fine, before you wreck the place. The English army, meanwhile, had retreated to Castle La Roqu

6、e. Well fortified, very strong, very well supplied, and both sides had settled in for a long siege.-The French were trying to push the English out of France for 100 years. Lord Oliver tries to take the fight out of the French. Now. he has a prisoner, a woman. A woman of class and a woman of nobility

7、. Commander Amaut's sister, Lady Claire. During the battle he hangs her from the(10) inaugurate: u open a building or start an organization, event, etc. for the first timee.g. The government will inaugurate its first gas storage facility in the near future.A research rocket was launched to inaug

8、urate the first home-built space centre of the country,(11) sweep aside: push or brush someone or something asidee.g. The guards swept the spectators aside as the king's coach approached.All desks and chairs were swept aside, and then they began to dance.(12) scheme: n. a plan or arrangement mad

9、e by a government or other organization, a plan forachieving somethinge.g. The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.To be frank, the scheme is merely a castle in the air.(13) rift: n. a situation in which two people or groups have had a serious disagreement and beg

10、unto dislike and not trust each other = splitle.g. He has warned that the serious rifts within the country could lead to civil war.It was just one argument, but it created a permanent rift between them.(14) parallel: a. being everywhere equidistant and not intersectinge.g. Parallel lines are, by def

11、inition, lines on the same plane that never join.It shows how to construct a line parallel to a given line that passes through a given point with compass and straightedge or ruler.(15) snake: v. move in long, twisting curvese.g. The river snaked away into the distance.The (rain snaked its way among

12、the mountains.(16) psyche: n. countable, usually singular someone's mind, or their deepest feelings, whichcontrol their attitudes and behavioure.g. Revenge and punishment lie deep in the human psyche.A characteristic of the feminine psyche is to seek approval from others.(17) moat: n. a deep wid

13、e hole, usually filled with water, dug around a castle as a defencee.g. The main house with its charming beams is surrounded by a beautiful moat.Economic moat is a term popularized by Warren Buffett describing a company's competitive advantage.(18) breach: v. break a law, rule, or agreement = br

14、eake.g. How do I make a complaint if I believe my privacy has been breached?Spectators who breach the rules will be asked to leave the building.(19) breakthrough: n. an important new discovery in something you are studying, especially onemade after trying for a long timec.g. Breakthrough ideas alway

15、s seem impractical at first, so don't get discouraged. Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of the disease.(20) in progress: happening now, and not yet finishede.g. I want to report an emergency. There's a robbery in progress.Work in progress! Walking pedestrians should

16、 be cautious.(21) await: v. wait fore.g. She is awaiting her father's instructions. Wc await your prompt reply with much interest.(22) installation: n. the act of setting up something (as equipment) for usee.g. The installation of an air gap and drain line are recommended.We consider the install

17、ation of cameras an infringement on people's privacy.(23) screech: v. (wheel of a vehicle) make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops e.g. A black Mercedes screeched to a halt beside the helicopter.A van screeched onto the road in front of me.(24) quirk: n. a strange habit or featur

18、e of someone's character, or a strange feature of something e.g. He had a strange quirk of addressing his wife as Mrs Smith.The most annoying quirk of his is wearing a cap all the time.(25) chic: a. very fashionable and expensive, and showing good judgement of what is attractiveand good stylec.g

19、. I must say that outfit really suits you. You look really chic.Traditionally, French fashion is chic and stylish, defined by its sophistication, cut, and smart accessories.(26) reverie: n. a state of imagining or thinking about pleasant things, that is like dreaming c.g. He was so lost in reverie t

20、hat he did not hear the doorbell ring.Autumn is a season for people to generate infinite reverie.(27) blare: v. make a very loud unpleasant noisee.g. The horn blared while I press lock or unlock on my key. As he sat down, the loudspeaker in the station blared.(28) glare: v. shine with a very strong

21、bright light which hurts people's eyese.g. The sun glare out of the blue sky.The sun glared down on us.(29) scramble: v. move huniedlye.g. The little boy scrambled after his father.He scrambled to his feet and hurried into the laboratory.(30) thunderous: a. extremely loudc.g. At the sight of his

22、 appearance on the stage, the hall rang with thunderous applause.The explosion, combined with escaping steam, produced an overwhelming noise, deep and thunderous.(31) erupt: v. break out, start suddenlyc.g. In nine cases out of ten, these cases erupt too suddenly to be guarded against. Furious prote

23、sts erupted in the capital city after the country was invaded by its enemy.(32) counterpart: n. someone or something that has the same job or purpose as someone orsomething else in a different placee.g. The U.S. Congress is the counterpart of the British Parliament.Belgian officials are discussing t

24、his with their Canadian counterparts.(33) oppose: v. disagree with something such as a plan or idea and try to prevent it from happeningor succeedinge.g. I can see no reason to oppose (he plan.The Supreme Court's decision on the health care law hasn't changed the view of some groups that opp

25、ose some of its provisions.(34) lopsided: a. unequal or uneven, especially in an unfair waye.g. Our team finally won the game by a lopsided score of 6 to 0.The inability of the successive governments to prioritise expenditure has led to lopsided development in many of the key sectors.Notes1. For the

26、 first time since the last ice ageAn ice age is any point of several periods when glaciers, especially in the form of great ice sheets, covered more of the eanh's surface than they do today 冰川期.Each ice age lasted al least three million years, most of the earlier ones lasted more than 10 million

27、 years. Today we live in a warm period during or just after (he Quaternary ice age (第四纪冰川期)which was in the Pleistocene Epoch (更新世),beginning 2.5 million years ago. It is believed that all of the early development of humans came during this last ice age and civilization has come into existence as it

28、s result. For the first time since the last ice age therefore means "fbr the first time since the world began to exist." Clearly this is an exaggeration.2. civil servanta person employed in the civil service or the government departments 公务员，文职人员3. out the windowout here is used informally

29、 as a preposition. Generally, out of3 preferred.4. the entente was scarcely more cordialeEntente and cordiale are both French words meaning ''understanding'' and ''fiiendly" respectively.The meaning of the sentence is: "The understanding on the other side of the Cha

30、nnel was hardly more friendly", in other words, the understanding is just as unfriendly. The use of the two French words is a reference to a historical event. As was mentioned before, conflicts between Britain and France had been incessant for centuries. At the end of the nineteenth century, Br

31、itain and France were again on (he verge of war. In 1901, however, things took a turn for the better, as King Edward VII of Great Britain was a Francophile (i.e., a person who is friendly to France). The way was opened for agreements between the two countries, and the Entente Cordiale, a friendly un

32、derstanding, was arrived al.5. a village a beet field away from the French terminala village which is only a short distance away from the French terminalA beet field is a field where beet, a root vegetable, is planted.6. coup de grace(French) a decisive finishing blow 致命的一击7. by grace ofdue to, by t

33、he favour of. The usual phrase is by the grace of God, meaning "owing to the favour shown by God".8. for richer or poorer, better or worseWhether one likes it or not; whatever happens.The literal meaning of the two phrases is: "on terms of accepting all results", or "it is n

34、ot certain what the consequences will be, but they will have to be accepted, because the action has been taken".9. service tunnela tunnel used to assist with maintenance work10. Le Shuttle(he shulde, the vehicle used for a regular journey 1'rom one place to another and back over a short dis

35、tance 班车.Apparently, the car drives onto the train at one end and drives off the train at the other end.11. through servicetrain sen-ice that goes directly from one place to another 直达车12. vive la difference quirksthe peculiar behaviour that highlights the differences (between the two countries)Vive

36、 la difference is French meaning "Long live the differences".13. chic, well-cut, taupe jumpsuitsfashionable, well-tailored, one-piece garment combining top and trousers in dark brownish gray14. grungea deliberately untidy and uncoordinated fashion style15. ferries, tankers, a Dover sole or

37、 twoferries and tankers that sail in the English Channel and one or two flatfish that live in the Strait of Dover16. there are 56 million more behind themreferring to the whole population of France17. Apres le tunnel, le deluge(French') After (the completion of) the tunnel, a flood (of people us

38、ing the Chunnel)18. we will work on selling the ideawe will try to make people interested in going across the English Channel by the Chunnel5. Comments on the TextThe text is a feature report which introduces one of the significant transport construction projects in the modern history of European ar

39、chitecture. This report includes different opinions toward the Chunnel, the opinions of local residents of both sides of the English Channel, as well as (he comments of the construction tunnellers.The tone of the report is one of objectivity. Different foods, dresses, ways of naming and real dales a

40、re used (o give the article an unmistakable journalistic flavour. On top of that, real-life, real-time personal experience is included to increase the validity of the account.The text follows the organization of a typical journalistic feature report:1. A short opening paragraph sets the scene, in wh

41、ich the thesis is stated in the second sentence: "For the first time since the last icc age, England was about to be linked to France."2. Immediately following the opening paragraph is the unbiased presentation of the opinions of both English and French local residents across the English C

42、hannel.3. The text (hen proceeds with the reporting of the officially scheduled Chunnel inauguration to show the determination and endeavours of the British and French Governments to connect Britain with the rest of Europe, in order to emphasize the significance of the project.4. After the intention

43、al delay to create suspense, the author introduces the tunnel proper and the historical contributions and benefits of this tunnel thoroughfare.5. Much of the report, then, is devoted to the real-time account of the exciting work at the breakthrough site of the Chunnel, an account based on the author

44、's personal experience and first-hand information.6. The report ends up with revealing the business worries on the part of the Chunnel authorities, who were concerned with, but not without hope, the business of the tunnel transport: promotion work was expected to facilitate the effective use of

45、the Chunnel on the part of theFrench population.6. ExercisesA. Give an exact reference to prove that each of the following statements is wrong.1. The author of this essay was an English traveller.There is no clear indication in the text that Cathy Newman, the author of the essay, was an English trav

46、eller. We have reason lo believe (hal she was an American journalist, since she worked on the “senior staff' for the very popular American magazine National Geographic. Besides, the spelling of the text is typical of American English.2. The English were very excited about the Chunnel because the

47、y would be more closely linked by (his tunnel lo Continental Europe.This is not true. For various reasons including "historical grudges'', the English actually didn't like the idea of being linked to that "awful place".3. The idea of linking the British Isles with Europe s

48、tarted in the early 20th century.This is incorrect. The cross-Channel-link scheme dates back 200 years.4. Presumably, the cross-Channel journey takes about at least three hours.This is much too long. According to the text, the whole journey from Folkestone, England, to Coquelles. France, takes no mo

49、re than 35 minutes.5. The Chunnel project was can ied out in a uniform way on both British and French sides.The construction of the Chunnel never proceeded in the exact manner. As a matter of fact, many differences coloured this joint project. For example, the French gave women's names to their

50、TBM machines, while their British counterparts named their machines by the numbers.6. More people from Continental Europe would use the tunnel than the British because they like to visit Britain for the food and climate there.Il is just the opposite. It was predicted that more people from Britain (h

51、an from Europe would travel through the Chunnel because the British enjoy the food and climate across the Channel.Explain the following in your own words.1. . by grace of one of the engineering feats of the century, for richer or poorer, better or worse, England and France arc getting hitched.Thanks

52、 lo one of (he remarkable construction achievements of (he 20th century, whether one likes it or not, England and France arc on the way to getting joined together.2. The Chunnel rewrites geography, at least in the English psyche. The moat has been breached. Britain no longer is an island.As far as t

53、he British are concerned, the Chunnel has changed the geographical pattern which long separated Britain from Continental Europe.3. The Chunnel is a work in progress.The Chunnel is under construction.4. . I imagine 180 feet of Channel above my head .I picture (he 180-foot deep Channel above where I s

54、tand in (he tunnel .5. And there are 56 ni山ion more behind them.And soon the whole French population will take the Chunncl transport and come over to visit Britain.6. . we will work on selling the idea.we will promote the Chunnel Iransport business by informing people of the benefits (hat this new m

55、eans of transport will bring them.Text IIConf ucius, the PhilosopherMaster Kung kept his disciples under rigid mental discipline. He was careless or indifferent regarding their gratuities or fees, or food or clothing but would waste no time with a stupid pupil. A few for that reason gained a questio

56、nable fame for they are known to history only because of the humiliating reproofs the Master gave them. According to his own statements he made no attempt to sugar-coat the pill of learning. He once said to the effect that in his teachings he would present one corner of a proposition and if the stud

57、ent could not from that construct the other three corners he bothered no more about him. No doubt that was his theory but his disciples were warmly attached to him and he was warmly attached to them and some of the least brilliant followed him for years, so in his teachings he was not so strict as t

58、his theory would indicate. He had no charity for sloth and laziness which he looked on as a contemptible weakness. He caught a lazy disciple asleep in the sun and cried out to (he others:“Rotten wood cannot be carved, a wall of dirty earth will not receive the trowel! What is the use of my trying to

59、 teach this fallow!"He was by no means an ascetic and enjoyed a good meal and the glow of alcohol as well as any man but these were trivialities as compared to the more important things of life. But he was constantly impressing on his disciples the sacrifices that must be made in the name of scholarship and told them:"The scholar who cherishes the love of comfort does not deserve the name of scholar.,While he was quick to rebuke his disciples for s山y questions and