2022年中考英语形容词副词级别讲义

1、形容词与副词的比较级：大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1)、规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-er,-esttall(高的) great(巨大的)taller greatertallest greatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的) large(大的) able（有能力的）nicer larger ablernices

2、t largest ablest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig(大的) hot热的)bigger hotterbiggest hottest"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est，easy(容易的) busy(忙的)easier busiereasiest busiest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的) easily(容易地)more important ;more easilymost important ;most easil

3、y2)、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)/ well(健康的)betterbestbad (坏的)/ ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many(多的)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar (远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest写出下列词的比较级和最高级thin _ _ easy _ _ early _ _ new _ _hot _ _ clever _ _ little _ _ late _ _narrow_ _ fat _ _ many _ _ b

4、ig _ _dangerous_ _wonderful _ _careful _ _ slowly _ _ popular _ _形容词比较级和最高级形形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。一、原级的用法1. 句中出现了人或物，没有比较对象时，要用原级。如： We moved to a new fiat last week 上周我们搬进了一座新房。2. as+形容词原级 +as, “和. 一样” ；not so as+形容词原级 +as, “不及 , ；不 如 , ， 比不上, ”。如： Physics is as difficult as Maths 物理和数学一样难。His eyes ar

5、e not as so big as ml ne他的眼睛没有我的大。二、比较级和最高级的用法当我们将两个对象进行比较时，我们要用形容词的比较级，表示“较”，“更一些”，“比更”。如：My cousin is taller than I am 我的表哥比我高。当被比较的对象是三个或三个以上时，我们会用形容词的最高级，表示“最”，最高级前通常要加定冠词the。如：This is the most interesting story in the book 这是这本书里最有趣的故事。三、形容词比较级常见于以下句式1通常情况下，用“比较级+than”来引出比较的第二部分。如： A computer i

6、s more expensive than a TV set 电脑比电视机贵。2. 用 “ Which Who,+比较级，, or,.?”的句型来表示在两者中选择。如： Who is taller，Tom or Jim? 汤姆和吉姆，谁更高?3. 在比较级前加上a little 、a bit, much、a lot,far, even（更）、still（更）等词来表示程度。如：China is much larger than Japan中国比日本大得多。4用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构来表示人或物本身程度的改变。“越来越”如： Our country is becoming strong

7、er and stronger我们的祖国正变得越来越强大。5用“ the+比较级 (+主+谓)， the+比较级 (+主+谓)”来表示“越,. 越 , . ”。如：The busier I am ， the happier I feel 我越忙就越高兴。6 用“比较级+than any other+ 单数名词”的结构来表示“比任何其他的,.都,. .”。如： This camera is more expensive than any other camera in the shop在这家店里，这个相机比其他任何一个都贵。7用“ the+比较级 +of the two ”的结构来表示“两者中较

8、, 的那个”。如：She is the taller of the two 她是两个人中较高的那个。四、形容词最高级常见于以下句式1用“形容词性物主代词+最高级”的结构来表示某人或某物的“最. ”。如： Peter is his oldest son彼得是他的长子。注意：此时形容词的最高级前不需要定冠词the。2.用“ the+最高级 +比较范围”的结构来表示在某一范围内“最.”，当句子的主语与介词后的部分属于同一概念或类别时， 常用介词of 或among,而当主语属于介词后的某一范围、场所时，常用 in。如：The World Cup is the most exciting game of

9、 all 世界杯是所有比赛中最令人激动的比赛。Jay Chou is the most popular singer in Taiwan 周杰伦是台湾最受欢迎的歌手。3.用“ one of the+ 最高级 +名词复数”的结构来表示“最.之一”。如：Miss Gao is one of the best ： teachers in our school 高老师是我们学校最好的老师之一。4.用“ the+序数词 +最高级 +名词单数 +in+ 范围”的结构来表示“第.最.” 。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in our countr

10、y黄河是我国第二长河。5.用“ Which Who is the+ 最高级， A ，B or C? ”的结构来表示“三者或三者以上之中，哪个或谁是最.?”。如：Which is the biggest，the moon ，the earth or the sun? 月亮，地球和太阳中，哪个最大?基础题：IChoose the best answer. 1. Peter is over fifty, and he can't run as _ as he used to. (A) fastB) fasterC) fastestD) the fastest2. Elsie is a goo

11、d dancer, and now she is dancing _with her friends in the room.A) friendlyB) hardlyC) beautifullyD) lovely3.The documentary, Under the Dome弩顶之下, shows howthe air is polluted.A) seriouslyB) seriousC) more seriouslyD) more serious4.-1 don't think chemistry is as _ as physics. - I'm afraid I do

12、n't think so.A) usefulB) more usefulC) most useful D) the most useful5. The music in the supermarket sounded so _ that I wanted to leave at once. A. clearlyB. loudlyC. sadlyD. noisy6. Most children feel _ when they work in groups than on their own. A. most confidentB. more confident C. more conf

13、identlyD. most confidently7. The cake you made tastes so _. Would you please tell me how you made it? A) nicerB) very niceC) niceD) nicely8.The IPHONE 6 + costs too much. I would like to buy a _one. A cheapB cheaperC cheapestD the cheapest9.The secretary says all the e-mails should be _checked befor

14、e they are send to others.A careB carefulC carelessD carefully10.Those dishes made of fresh organic vegetables taste very _. A) nicelyB) well C) deliciousD) awful11.Nowadays square dance has become one of _ exercises for the Chinese grandmas.A) popularB) more popularC) most popularD) the most popula

15、r12.The music in Voice of China sounds very_. I enjoy it very much. A) wellB) beautifulC) wonderfullyD) boring13. My brother can work out problems _than any other student in his class.A) quicklyB) quickC)more quicklyD) quicker14.With the yellow wall papers, kitty bedroom is a little _ than Cindy. A. brightB. brighterC. brightestD. the brightest15.On snow days, a driver must drive as_ as possible.A carelessB carefulC carelesslyD carefully16. Nowadays even the flats in small towns are much _ than they used to be. A. expensive B. more expensive C. most exp