词汇学习必修四第一单元

1、 Unit 1 Women of achievement Words and Expressionsachievement n. 成就，功绩成就，功绩 achieve v. 完成，实现，到达，成功完成，实现，到达，成功 achieve ones goal实现目标实现目标 achieve ones purpose达到目的达到目的 achieve success获得成功获得成功women of achievement 卓有成就的女性卓有成就的女性 It takes hard work to achieve success.2. Joan of Arc3. welfare n. 福利，福利事业福利，

2、福利事业, 幸福，安全幸福，安全We are concerned about the childs welfare. She concerned herself with welfare projects, especially the China Welfare Institute for women and children.4. project 项目，工程，规划项目，工程，规划The project became so expensive that we had to pull out.Hope project5. institute n. 学会，学院，协会学会，学院，协会a resea

3、rch institute 研究所研究所institutes of higher education 高等学校高等学校6. specialist n.专家，专业工作者专家，专业工作者 specialize vi. 专攻，专门从事，专注于专攻，专门从事，专注于 special adj. 特殊的，专用的特殊的，专用的Lin Qiaozhi was a doctor who became a specialist in womens illness. He specialized in criminal law.He sent此致此致to the men. 7. 安吉丽娜朱莉与简古道尔安吉丽娜朱莉与

4、简古道尔(Jane Goodall)8. chimp9. connection n. 连接，关系连接，关系 connect vt.连接连接, 联系联系, 接通电话接通电话 connect A with B 把把A和和B联系起来联系起来They are connected by marriage.Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings.This sentence doesnt seem to connect with the context.Please connect with him soon.

5、Connection Connect with10. human being 人,人类Without water, human beings cant survive.没有水，人就不能生活。没有水，人就不能生活。 As it is known to us, he is a fine human being.据大家所知据大家所知,他是一个好人他是一个好人.A baby is not a thing. Its a human being!婴儿不是物品婴儿不是物品,是人是人!Human being11.campaign n. 战役战役,运动运动,活动活动 vi. 作战，参加运动作战，参加运动,竞选竞

6、选Jody Williams helped found an international campaign to stop the making of landmines.The goverment is planning to start a campaign against smoking.政府计划发起禁烟运动。政府计划发起禁烟运动。Obama campaigned for the president of America and realized his dream.12. anization n. 组织，机构，团体组织，机构，团体 organ

7、ize/organise v.组织，安排，处理组织，安排，处理 organized adj. 有组织的，系统的有组织的，系统的Efficiency depends on good organization.After all, compared to your organization, we are the new boys.你们机构相比，我们毕竟是新手。你们机构相比，我们毕竟是新手。She and her organization were given the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997.Gombe National ParkGombe National ParkG

8、ombe National Park15. behave v. 行为行为,举止举止, 表现表现 behavior/behaviour n. 行为，举止，习性行为，举止，习性 behave oneself adj. 规矩些规矩些 well-behaved adj. 表现好的表现好的 bad-behaved adj. 表现差的表现差的He behaved badly to the customers.他对顾客的态度不好。他对顾客的态度不好。Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people under

9、stand how much they behave like humans.As a student, you should learn to behave. .eg.The doctor behaved very unprofessionally.那位医生的做法十分不专业。那位医生的做法十分不专业。He behaved like a true gentleman.他的行为像个真正的绅士。他的行为像个真正的绅士。She behaved with great dignity.她显得很尊贵。她显得很尊贵。Behave/behaviour16.shade n. 荫荫,阴凉处阴凉处 v. 遮住光线遮

10、住光线【shade sb/sth (from/against sth)】Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the treesThey are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们正坐在树阴下乘凉他们正坐在树阴下乘凉.The courtyard was shaded by high trees.庭院荫庇在大树下庭院荫庇在大树下She shaded her eyes against the sun.她遮住眼睛避免阳光直射她遮住眼睛避免阳光直射 Shade立体空间Shadow平面影子 The H1N9 flu has c

11、ast A shadow over the new school term 流感给新学期带来了阴影 17. move off 离开离开,启程启程,出发出发 move in/into 迁入（新居）迁入（新居） move on 换话题，继续前进换话题，继续前进 move out (of) 搬走搬走 move along向前移动向前移动The family begins to wake up and move off.The car stood at the traffic light for a few moments, then moved off.那辆汽车在交通灯前停了一会儿那辆汽车在交通灯前

12、停了一会儿, 然後驶去了。然後驶去了。 Before you move off, you had better get everything ready.在你离开之前在你离开之前,你最好准备好所有的东西你最好准备好所有的东西.I think we have talked enough about that subject; lets move on.18. worthwhile adj.值得做的值得做的, 值得的值得的 be worthwhile to do sth/doing sth be worth doing sth(注意这个句型是主动表被动的用法注意这个句型是主动表被动的用法) be

13、worthy of +n. 值得，配得上值得，配得上However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.This book is worth reading.It is worthwhile discussing the question again.=It is worthwhile to discuss the question again. He is worthy of our praise. Worth be worth+n. be worth doing (主动表被动） 其后可接 名词，代词，动名词，不能接不定式，且动名词时，总是用主动形式表示

14、被动 Worthy be worthy of+n. be worthy of being done/to be done 不可以直接接名词代词动名词，应借助of 后可接动名词主动被动形式 后面可接不定式主动被动形式 Worthwhile doing Worthwhile to do即可接动名词又可接不定式 Worth 不接不定式、不接被动式（用主动表被动）1 The picture is worth 500 2 Nothing he said was worth listening to3 The clock is hardly worth repairing4 What is worth d

15、oing is worth doing wellWorthy 加of再接名词代词动名词of后主动被动均可 即:of dongingof being done接不定式主动被动均可1 Her behavior is worthy of praise2 He is worthy of filling the post3 This suggestion is worthy of being considered4 He is worthy to receive such honor Such honor is worthy to be awarded to himWorthwhile动名词或不定式均可

16、有时分开写，此时也可在其中加上ones It is worthwhile buying the dictionary It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again Would you like to do some gardening for me? I will make it worth your while 你愿意在我的花园里干活吗？我不会亏待你bird nestbirds nest 20. bond n. 联系，关系，结合，纽带联系，关系，结合，纽带We realize the bond between members of a chimp fa

17、mily is as strong as in a human family.Their only common bond is their poverty.他们的唯一共同纽带是贫穷他们的唯一共同纽带是贫穷Common interests formed a bond between us.共同的利益把我们联系在一起。共同的利益把我们联系在一起。21.observe v. 观察观察,观测观测,遵守遵守 observation n. 观察，观测观察，观测 observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做了某事观察到某人做了某事 observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人正在做某事

18、观察到某人正在做某事 observe that+句子句子 观察到观察到 observe the school rules遵守校规遵守校规 observe National Day庆祝国庆节庆祝国庆节I observed a stranger going into the office.我看到一个陌生人正在进办公室。我看到一个陌生人正在进办公室。She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.I observed him stop at the gate and enter the school.While we we

19、re doing research work, our powers of observation were highly developed.When we attend the parade to observe National Day, we must observe the traffic regulations, if we observe someone run a red light, we should stop himObserve、Observe the school rulesObserve the new year22.childhood n. 童年，幼年时代童年，幼

20、年时代Why is it that he rarely mentions his childhood? Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. 23. outspoken adj. 直言的，坦诚直言的，坦诚 respect v. n. 尊重，尊敬，敬意尊重，尊敬，敬意 respect onself 有自尊心，自重有自尊心，自重 earn/win ones respect 赢得某人的尊重赢得某人的尊重 give/send ones respects to sb. 向某人表示

21、问候向某人表示问候respect He is an outspoken man I deeply respect her courage.If they had any respect for human life they wouldnt do such terrible things.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.A n 尊重 B （pl) 敬意；问候C vt

22、 遵守 D vt 尊敬；尊重1 If you dont respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you2 Please give my respects to your father3 The students have great respect for their history teacher4 As a student, we must respect the school rules argue v. 讨论，讨论， 辩论，争论辩论，争论 argument n. 争论，争辩，争吵争论，争辩，争吵argue with

23、sb. on/ over/about sth. 与某人争论某事与某人争论某事argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做说服某人做/不要做某事不要做某事argue for/against sth. 赞成赞成/反对某事反对某事He often argues with his teacher about/over politics.However, the others argue for/against the plan.We argued her into/out of joining us in the party.She has argued that wi

24、ld animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.25. entertainment n. 款待，娱乐，娱乐表演款待，娱乐，娱乐表演 entertain v. .娱乐娱乐, 使有兴趣使有兴趣, 招待招待He cut off a bunch of grapes to entertain us.I like to entertain friends with music at

25、home.radio, TV, and other forms of entertainment.26. lead a life 过着过着的生活的生活She is leading a busy life.My grandfather led a simple life in the past.在过去在过去,我爷爷过着简朴的生活我爷爷过着简朴的生活.It is our party that lets us lead a happy life.是我们党让我们过上了幸福的生活是我们党让我们过上了幸福的生活.entertainment 27 . crowd n. 人群人群,群众，观众群众，观众 cro

26、wd in （想法，问题想法，问题）涌上心头涌上心头,涌入脑海涌入脑海The crowd were running in all directions.人群往四面八方跑去。人群往四面八方跑去。When the gates of the ground were opened, all the football supporters crowded in.当球场的大门打开时当球场的大门打开时, 球迷们一拥而进。球迷们一拥而进。Memories came crowding into her mind.往事一起涌上她的心头往事一起涌上她的心头.Once I stop, it all comes cro

27、wding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.crowd28. inspire vt. 鼓舞，激发，启示inspired adj. 受到激励的，得到灵感的受到激励的，得到灵感的inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的令人鼓舞的inspiration n. 灵感，鼓舞灵感，鼓舞She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration of an artist.We will never f

28、orget the inspiring moment.The young people were inspired when they heard China had won the final game.Encourage/inspire29. support n. v. 支持支持,拥护拥护 in support of 支持支持 offer support to sb. 支持某人支持某人He needs a high income to support such a large family. 他需要有高收入才能供养得起这样一个大家庭。他需要有高收入才能供养得起这样一个大家庭。Local b

29、usinesses have provided financial support.At the meeting, only a few people spoke in support of his opinion.30. look down upon/on 蔑视蔑视,瞧不起瞧不起 look up to 尊敬尊敬 look into 调查，了解调查，了解 look around /round 环顾环顾 look through 浏览，仔细查看浏览，仔细查看 look out (for) 注意，小心注意，小心 look after 照顾照顾I advise you not to look dow

30、n upon him. 我劝你不要小看他。我劝你不要小看他。Her parents tell her not to look down upon countrymen .她父母叫她不要瞧不起乡下人。她父母叫她不要瞧不起乡下人。Many people look down upon poor people.31.refer vi. 谈到，查阅，参考谈到，查阅，参考referred reference n.提到；查阅；参考书目提到；查阅；参考书目 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到查阅，参考，谈到 look up sth in the dictionary 查查(字典字典)； a reference

31、 book 一本参考书一本参考书I looked it up in the dictionary.If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb.I never agree to refer to the matter again.32. audience n. 观众，听众，读者观众，听众，读者 His speech won the applause of the audience. The audience was no less than five thousand. He delighted the aud

32、ience with his performance.33. by chance 碰巧，凑巧碰巧，凑巧I met her quite by chance.We met (each other) quite by chance.34. come across(偶然偶然)遇见，碰见遇见，碰见 come about 发生，造成发生，造成 come up 走进，被提及走进，被提及She came across some old photographs in a drawer.I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning

33、.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in womens diseases. Come across35. career 事业，生涯事业，生涯It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career.Im a career girl, ie I concentrate on my career rather than getting married, etc.36. rate n. 比率，速度比率，速度Th

34、ey drove at a steady rate.他们以平稳的速度开车。他们以平稳的速度开车。It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. 37. sickness n. 疾病，恶心疾病，恶心 sick adj.有病的；恶心的Kevin is so sick that he cant come to class.She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy, a

35、nd free from sickness.38. Intend vt. 计划，打算计划，打算 be intended for 为为.而做准备而做准备 be intended to do sth. 打算做打算做I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.As we know, the books are intended for us middle school students.39. emergency n. 突发事件，突发事件， 紧急情紧急情况况

36、38 emergency exitPerhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.40. generation n. 一辈，一代一辈，一代 generate v. vt.产生产生, 发生发生, 引起引起He is the best actor of his generation.One generation plants the trees under whose shade another generation rests.前人栽树后人乘凉。前人栽树后人乘凉。That was a generation when g

37、irls education was always placed second to boys.The best way to generate excitement?激发热情的最好方式是什么激发热情的最好方式是什么?Generation gap41. determination n. 决心，果断决心，果断 determine v. 决定，决心形成，支配，影响决定，决心形成，支配，影响 determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的坚定的，坚决的 determine to do sth./on sth. be determined to do sth决定，决心做某事决定，决心做某事I am determined to succeed.They determined to start early.Further r