中考专题--形容词和副词(含答案)

1、形容词和副词01命题趋势在历年各地中考中，形容词和副词是必考的知识点， 分值通常在 35分之间。从命题形式来看，一般有单 项选择、完形填空、词语运用等；其中对形容词和副词 的句法功能、比较等级的用法及易混形容词和副词的辨 析的考查又是重中之重。预计中考热点仍将集中在形容 词和副词的词义辨析和比较等级的用法上。02定义形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人 的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表语、宾 语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词， 在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定语。英语中的形容词 和副词都有等级的变化。03知识归类形容词的位置形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置:

2、修饰 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词 时nobody absent, everything possible以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之 后the best book available, the only solution possiblealive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词a bridge 50 meters long形容词短语一般后置a man difficul

3、t to get on withelse修饰疑问词和不定代词时what else, something else特例清单1 .有些形容词只能作定语。如：little（小的）,only（唯一的）,wooden（木质的）,elder（年长 的）,woolen（羊毛质的）等及复合形容词 man-made（人造 的）,kind-hearted（好心'的）,English-speaking蜕英语的）,take-away何以 带走的）等。2 .有些形容词只能作表语。如：alone（孤独的）,asleep（H 着的）,awake（醒着的）,alive（活着 的）,well（健康的）,ill（病的）,

4、frightened（害怕的）等。3 .有些形容词貌似副词。如：friendly（友好的）,lively（生动的）,lonely（孤独的）等。4 .有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。如：We should respect the old and love the young.我们应该尊老爱 幼。It ' s not polite to laugh at the blindor the deaf.取笑盲人或聋人是不礼貌的。5 .enough修饰名词时既可以放在名词的前面，也可以放在其 后面；然而，enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容 词或副词之后。如：We ha

5、ve enough time(=time enough)to finish the work.我们有足 够的时间来完成这项工作。He ran fast enough to catch the busftk跑得很快，足够赶上公共 汽车了。This hall is big enough to hold 1,000 peopl四个大厅向大的, 可 以容纳1000人。6 .多个形容词作定语时，通常按“性质-大小(长短、高低、形状等)-年龄新旧-颜色-国籍(地区、出处等)-材料”的顺序 排列。如：a beautiful tall building 一座漂亮而高大的建筑物a large yellow Ch

6、inese coaL件黄色的中国式大衣【题组训练】形容词的作用及位置()1. Keep all the windows , it ' s too hot in the room.A.opened B.open C.closed()2. I ' ll not be Jack ' s friend any more.一 Don' t be angry.He ' s just so , but in fact he ' s good to us you know.A.helpful B.direct C.polite D.brave()3. How C

7、indy grows !she ' almost as tall as her mothernow.A.cute B.strong C.fast D.straight()4. After the earthquake , we heard of lots of stories , andall of us were deeply .A.moving;movedB.moving;movingC.moved;movingD.moved;moved()5. Overseas experience may help make our life.So why not try to study a

8、broad?A.usualB.usefulC.successfulD.traditional副词的分类时间 副词soon, now, early, finally,once, recently频度 副词always,often,frequently, seldom,never地点 副词here,nearby,outside, upwards,above疑问 副词how,where,when,why方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really连接副词how,when,where,why,whether,however,meanwhile程度副词almost

9、,nearly,very,f airly,quite,rather关系副词when,where,why注意:地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时的顺序是：方式副词-地点副词-时间副词。如：The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab nowU 学们现在正在实验室里认真地做实验。Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning.多人每天早晨在广场上高兴地进行锻炼。【题组训练】副词的作用及位置( )6. David doesn'

10、t like rice noodles , his son doesn't, .A.also B.too C.either D.not( )7. How is Lucy's English?She always does very well in her English exams. But she can understand English radio programs.A.always B.already C.easily D.hardly( )8. Sandy likes travelling. She stays at home during holidays.A.s

11、eldom B.usually C.always D.often( )9. Alex , did you find our old school last week?Yes, but with much difficulty , for it has changed overthese years.A.completelyB.neverC.hardlyD.partly( )10. Teenagers should be encouraged to go and be close tonature.A.inside B.back C.outsideD.off规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

12、构成方法原级比较级最局级一般单音节词末尾加-er, - estsmallfastquicksmallerfasterquickersmallestfastestquickest以不发音的e结尾 的单音节词加-r,- st。nicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以辅音字母+y结 尾的双音节单词， 先把y变为i,再加-er,- estearly happyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以一个辅音字母结 尾的重读闭音节的 单词，双写末尾的 子母再力口 - er,- estred big thinredder bigger thinnerreddes

13、t biggest thinnest部分双音节词或多 音节词在原级前加more,erestingimportantmore interesting more importantmost interesting most important特例清单1 .使用比较级时，在对比中应该是同类进行对比。如：“我的英语不如你的好"应译成" EnMlysh is not as(so)goodas yours. ”而不能译成 " My English is not as good as you.因为止匕 句中比较的对象是 English,而不是 you,所以要把y

14、ou改成 yours(=your English)。2 .使用比较级时，切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自身与自 身的比较。如：“她比她班上任何同学学习都努力"应译成"stucShe harderthan any other student in her class. ",而不能译成" studies harder than any student in her class. any student in"her class 包括 she,使用了 other才能将其排除。【题组训练】()11. Have you watched A Bite of

15、China recently?一Of course.I do believe Chinese food is in the world.A.the most deliciousB.more deliciousC.delicious()12. With the development of modern science , it's for us to get information from all over the world.A.slower B.busier C.harder D.easier()13. The box was than I had expected.I was

16、out of breathwhen I got home.A.more heavierB.much heavierC.little heavierD.very heavier()14. Do you like eating fish , Wang Han?Of course.Nothing can be , I think.A.deliciousB.beautifulC.more deliciousD.more beautiful()15. He is the only one who failed in the math exam. Really?You mean he studies.A.

17、the most carefulB.the least carefulC.the most carefullyD.the least carefully不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级原级比较级最tWj级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfartherfarthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest【题组训练】()16. Rosa, can I wear jeans and T-shirt to the evening party? 一OK.Bu

18、t a dress might be.A.goodB.worse C.badD.better()17. Oh, it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.Well, I think Kate danced than Lily.A.wellB.betterC.best()18. What do you think of her teaching English?一Great! No one teaches in our school.A.goodB.worse C.betterD.Best()19. If you want to be thinner and h

19、ealthier , you should eat f6 od and take exercise.A.more;fewerB.more;lessC.fewer;moreD.less;more( )20. We held a concert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang among the singers.A.good B.well C.better D.best形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法句型意义例句as+形容词/ 副词原级十as两者比较，程度 相同。"asas结构前可以带表示 程度的状语，像 quite,almost,half, twice

20、, nearly 等。This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.这本书几乎 同那本一样厚。His ability is not half as high as yours.他的能力不及你的 一半。如果形容词修饰 单数可数名词， 应用as+形容词/ 副词原级十a（n） 十可数名词单数 形式十as。Tom is as good a person as his uncle.汤姆和他叔叔一样是 好人。This is just as good an example as the other one.这个 例子和另外那个一样好。如果指同一个人 或物，应

21、译为不 但 而且”。Li Mei is as beautiful as she isclever.李梅不但漂亮而且聪 明。not as /so + 形容词/副词 原级+as两者相比，一方 不及另一方。This village isn ' as/so big as that one.这个村子没有那个 村子大。I didn ' do my homework as carefully as you.我做作业不 如你仔细。形容词/副词比较级+than两者进行比较。The sun is bigger than the earth.太阳比地球大。She usually gets up ea

22、rlier than others.她通常比别人起 得早。比较级+and 十比较级越来越”，多 音节的用 more and more+形容 词或副词原级。She is growing fatter and fatter.她越来越胖了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国 家越来越美了。the十比较级，the+比较级“越， 越”，如果“the比较级”修 饰名词作定语， 名词要紧跟在比 较级之后。The busier the old man is,the happier he feels.那位老人越 忙越高兴。The more,t

23、he better.越多越 好。The more money he gets,the more he wants.他得到的钱越 多越想要。具体数字（如是的The city is two times as big as倍数)+asas倍。my hometown.这个城市有我的家乡的2倍大。具体数字、实 物、倍数等+ 比较级+than形容词与具体倍 数等的比较。He is a head taller than I.他比 我高一个头。This city is three times larger than that one.这座城市比那 座城市大三倍。形容词最高 级+介词短语 （比较范围）（三者或三

24、者以 上）最的。He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我们班里最高的男 孩。副词最高级+ 介词短语（比 较范围）（三者或三者以 上）最的。He works hardest in his class.他是班上学习最用功的一 个。特例清单1. "A+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two +”，表 示“两者中较的”。如：Wang Fei is the taller one of the two brothers.王飞是他们兄弟两人中较局的一个。2. " A+谓语动词+one of the+最高级+复数名词 +in/of短语”表示“是最

25、的之一”。如：Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school.李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。3. "A+谓语动词+the+序数词+最高级+in/of短语” 表示“是第最的”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄 河是中国第二长河。【题组训练】()21. The Yangtze River

26、is one ofin the world.A.the longest riversB.the longest riverC.longer riversD.longer river()22. I think English is asas maths.一I agree with you.A.more interestingB.most interestingC.the most interestingD.interesting()23. Of the two sisters , Lucy isone , and she is also theone who loves to be quiet.

27、A.a youngerB.a youngestC.the youngerD.the youngest()24. The weather is becoming.A.hotter and hotterB.more hot and hotC.hoter and hoterD.more and more hot()25. It ' s smogthese days.That ' s terrible!Yes.I hope to plant trees.trees, air pollution.A.The more , the fewerB.The less, the moreC.Th

28、e less, the fewerD.The more, the less04整合集训反馈层级化( )1.Joe took up a cup to drink some water, but he found it was.A.empty B.heavy C.clean D.old( )2.It is for us to bring our umbrellas because theweather report says it will rain this afternoon.A.hardB.interestingC.easyD.necessary()3. -How about the mov

29、ie,Jack?It ' s a little boring.And I was too to watch the endof it.A.sleepy B.asleep C.sleep D.sleeping( )4. -Uncle Wang feels very after finishing the work.-He really needs to have a good rest.A.tired;tiringB.tired;tiredC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring( )5.Each of you should be careful enough to k

30、eep yourself when doing this chemistry experiment.A.clear B.safe C.safely D.clearly( )6. Hurry up!The concert will begin soon. Take it easy.We have time left.A.little B.much C.many D.plenty( )7. Why do you like living in the countryside,Uncle Wang?Because the air there is and clean.A.cold B.dirty C.

31、thin D.fresh( )8.We ' d better not eat too much food because itnot only bad for our teeth,but also makes us fat easily.A.tasty B.delicious C.sweet D.cheap( )9.These days I have always felt stressed.You can ask Mrs Lee for help.It f6 r ser to solve your problem.A.necessaryB.usefulC.importantD.pos

32、sible()10. Are you,Mike? Yes, Mom. Could you please get me some water?A.thirsty B.tired C.hungry D.sick( )11.Whose home is away from school in ourclass?一Liu Mei ' s.A.fartherB.farC.the farthestD.near()12.Which of the two cars will you buy? The one.I don ' t have much money.A.cheapB.expensive

33、C.cheaperD.more expensive( )13.Remember this, children.careful you are, mistakes you will make. 一Yes,Miss Gao.A.The more;the fewerB.The more;the fewC.The more;the lessD.The much;the fewer( )14.Which is,the sun,the earth or the moon? The sun of course.A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.the biggest( )15.Your dau

34、ghter is much now.Yes,the pants she wore last year are all too short for her.A.older B .quieter C.taller D.smarter ( )16.If you keep playing sports every day,your health will be getting.A.good and good B.better and better C.best and bestD.better and best( )17. Mum,could you buy me a dress like this?

35、 Of course.We can buy one than this,but it.A.a better;better thanB.a popular;as good asC.a more popular;not as good asD.a cheaper;as good as ( )18.Which province is the one in winter? It should be Heilongjiang Province,I think.A.coldest B.hotter C.warmest D.cooler ( )19. Would you mind staying in su

36、ch a noisy room? -No,but my son needs a place to study in.A.cleanerB.quieter C.safer D.bigger( )20.The actress is already 50,but she looks thanshe really is.A.youngB.more youngC.more youngerD.much younger()21.Tom,what do you think of the school?Oh,no other school is in the city. It，s one.A.better;a betterB.the best;the bestC.better;the bestD.the best;a better( )22.Now,blogs are traditional diaries among young people.Everyone in my class has a blog.A.very popularB.as popular asC.no