必修三 unit1 Language poingts in Reading

1、人教课标人教课标高一高一 必修必修 3Unit 11. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time. 讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，庆祝的是什么事件，和人们在那行，庆祝的是什么事件，和人们在那天所做的事。天所做的事。take place 发生；举行发生；举行 The performance didnt take place after all. 演出终于没有进行。演出终于没有进行。 Was there anybody passing by w

2、hen the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？与与 place 相关短语相关短语 in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点（用于列举理由）首先，第一点 in the last place 最后最后 in ones place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想 in place 放在原来的位置，就位放在原来的位置，就位 in place of 代替，用代替，用而不用而不用 take ones place 找某人接替某人的位置找某人接替某人的位置 Great cha

3、nges _ in the rural areas in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. are happeningA take place 不能用于被动语态中，句不能用于被动语态中，句中短语中短语 in the last two decades 可确定可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。句子的时态为现在完成时。 2. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially

4、 during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。 starve (v.)1) to cause a person or an animal to suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿；饿死挨饿；饿死 Millions of people starved to death during the war.战争中数百万人挨饿至死。战争中数百万人挨饿至死。 2) starve for sth; starve sb of s

5、th: (cause sb. to) suffer or long for sth greatly needed or wanted (使某人使某人) 得不到某事得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏 The homeless children were starved for love.这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。 3) to feel very hungry 感觉很饿。感觉很饿。仅用仅用于进行时态于进行时态 When will dinner be ready? Im starving.晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。晚饭什么时候

6、做好？我快饿死了。 starvation (n.)(U) suffering or death caused by lack of food 挨饿；饿死挨饿；饿死 die of starvation 饿死饿死 starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资不够维持基本生活的工资3. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 考点考点1 情态动词情态动词 should 在句中表示在句中表示“应该应该”。

7、Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. will B. would C. should D. must 点拨点拨 should 在句中表示一种有较大可在句中表示一种有较大可能实现的猜测能实现的猜测, 推论推论, 意为意为“应该应该”。 My cats really fat. You _ have given her so much food.A. wouldnt B. couldntC. shouldnt D. mustnt 点拨点拨 shou

8、ldnt have given 表示本不该表示本不该给而实际上却给了。给而实际上却给了。 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _ have driven her there. could B. must C. might D. should 点拨点拨 根据语境知道应该用根据语境知道应该用 should have driven, 表示本来应该开车把她表示本来应该开车把她送过去而实际上却没有送。送过去而实际上却没有送。 I think Ill give Bob a ring. You _. You havent bee

9、n in touch with him for ages. A. will B. may C. have to D. should 点拨点拨 句意句意: 你都好长时间没同他联系你都好长时间没同他联系了了, 应该给他打个电话应该给他打个电话, 表示劝告或建议。表示劝告或建议。 考点考点2 in memory of / to the memory of sb. 纪念某人纪念某人The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。家而建立的。4. Halloween

10、also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。 origin (n.): the place or situation in which something begins to exist 起源；由来。起源；由来。可用做可数名词或不可数名词，通常用可用做可数名词或不可数名词，通常用作复数形式。作复数形式。The tradition has its origins in

11、the Middle Ages. 这个传统发源于中世纪。这个传统发源于中世纪。He told me it was a word of unknown origin. 他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。belief (n.): an idea that you believe to be true, especially one that forms part of a system of ideas 信任；信心；信仰。信任；信心；信仰。注意：注意： belief 通常用作不可数名词，当作可数名词通常用作不可数名词，当作可数名词时，词义略不同于用作不可数名词时。时，词义略不

12、同于用作不可数名词时。 religious beliefs 宗教信仰宗教信仰 Several members hold very strong political beliefs. 有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。5. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目，这天他万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。 dress

13、up dress 作及物动词时作及物动词时, 不接不接 clothes 之类之类的表示衣服的名词的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句而是接表示人的句词或代词词或代词, 意思是意思是“给给穿衣服穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词则用反身代词, 如：如：Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子唤醒孩子, 给他们穿上衣服。给他们穿上衣服。dress 的过去分词常用来构成的过去分词常用来构成 get dressed 与与 be dressed 短语短语, 前者表示动态前者表示动态, 后者后者表示静态表示静态, 穿何种衣服穿何种衣服, 则用介

14、词则用介词 in。如：如：Harry up and get dressed. 快点穿上衣服。快点穿上衣服。The girl was dressed in red.这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。dress up 是是“穿上最好的衣服穿上最好的衣服”, 常指常指“打扮打扮, 化装化装”。如如:You should dress up when you take part in the party.She is _ in red today and looks very beautiful.A. wearingB. having onC. dressingD. dressedD. d

15、ressed6. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.play a trick on【寓词于境寓词于境】 仔细阅读下列句子，并仔细阅读下列句子，并试着总结试着总结play a trick on的意思。的意思。1. The boys hid Johns bike to play a trick on him.2. Please do not play a trick on that poor boy.3. People play tricks on each other

16、 in the office on April Fools Day.【自我归纳自我归纳】 play a trick / tricks on意为意为“_”，on后面后面多接表示人的名词或代词。多接表示人的名词或代词。搞恶作剧，开玩笑搞恶作剧，开玩笑【联想联想】 play a part (in) 意为意为“_”; play a joke / jokes on 意为意为“_”。如：。如：The teacher plays a very active part in this type of classroom activity.She wondered if the others were play

17、ing a joke on her.扮演一个角色；参与；起扮演一个角色；参与；起的作用的作用开（某人的）玩笑；戏弄开（某人的）玩笑；戏弄 用以上合适的短语翻译下列句子。用以上合适的短语翻译下列句子。1. 你哥哥刚才是跟你开玩笑的。你哥哥刚才是跟你开玩笑的。2. 说在英语学习中起重要作用。说在英语学习中起重要作用。Speaking plays an important part in English learning.Your brother played a trick / joke on you just now.7. India has a national festival on Oct

18、ober 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain Indias independence from Britain. 点拨点拨 此句中此句中 Mohandas Gandhi 和和the leader 是同位语，是同位语，the leader 指的指的就是就是 Mohandas Gandhi 这个人。这个人。又如又如: Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers who is the top student in their class. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆昨天我遇到了

19、我弟弟的朋友汤姆, 他是他他是他们班最好的学生。们班最好的学生。Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. 我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。 8. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. award n. 奖奖, 奖品奖品Dr. Yuan Longping has won many awards for his research

20、. award v. 判给判给, 授予授予 award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物奖赏某人某物 The chairman awarded me the gold medal. = The chairman awarded the gold medal to me. award 侧重指经过正式裁定而给予的荣侧重指经过正式裁定而给予的荣誉或在某项评比竞赛中获胜而得到的奖誉或在某项评比竞赛中获胜而得到的奖赏。赏。reward 侧重指对某人所做的某件好事、侧重指对某人所做的某件好事、好的行为等的报答、酬谢。好的行为等的报答、酬谢。prize 多指在竞赛中获胜或有特殊贡献时多指在竞赛中获胜或有特殊贡

21、献时所得的奖励。所得的奖励。 award, reward与与prize 从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Ann Bancroft, an American author, teacher, and adventurer, received a number of _ and honours for her adventures. prizes B. rewards A.C. harvests D. awardsD2. It is the first time that she has been _ second pri

22、ze in the English Speaking Competition. rewarded B. awarded A.C. included D. harvested B 9. , when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes. admire v. 赞赏赞赏; 钦佩钦佩; 羡慕羡慕; 赞美赞美;夸奖夸奖注意注意: 表示表示“在某方面钦佩某人在某方面钦佩某人”用用“admire sb. for sth.” We all admire him for his courage and bravery.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识

23、。我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。用用admire的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1. The school is widely _ for its excellent teaching.2. I really _ the way she brings up those kids all on her own.admire admired 10. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. look fo

24、rward to look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待意为期待着着(做做)某事某事, 其中的其中的to是介词是介词, 而不是而不是动词不定式符号。动词不定式符号。Children are looking forward to Spring Festival.孩子们渴盼着过年。孩子们渴盼着过年。Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal.他期待着笔友来信。他期待着笔友来信。11. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is

25、 covered with pink snow.as though 仿佛，好像仿佛，好像as though 和和 as if 没有什么区别。没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。(1) 引导方式状语从句引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened. 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。 当从句主语和主句主语一致当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓从句谓语中又含有动词语中又含有动词 to be 时

26、时, 可以把主语可以把主语和和 to be 一起省去。一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something. 他四处张望他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。好像寻找什么。(2) 引导表语从句引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain. 看样子天要下雨了。看样子天要下雨了。as though 和和 as if 从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气, 还是还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或或者纯粹是

27、一种假设者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。通常用虚拟语气。The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。12. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.Now you can find your passion for exercise and have fun with your kids at the same time. 现在你可以在拥有锻炼的热情的同时现在你可以在拥有锻炼的热情的同时和

28、孩子们享受快乐时光。和孩子们享受快乐时光。 have fun with 玩得高兴，玩得开心玩得高兴，玩得开心 have fun 意为意为“过得快乐过得快乐”。同义词。同义词组为组为 have a good time, enjoy oneself。短语有：短语有：have fun (in) doing sth. 快乐快乐地做某事地做某事。I have no fun in spending the evening doing nothing. 我晚上闲着无事很无聊。我晚上闲着无事很无聊。I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。或

29、汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。1. Jack was beginning to enjoy the b_ of nature. 2. The professor is editing a dictionary that explains the o_ of words.3. During the festival Obon, Japanese show respect to their a_.beautyoriginancestors4. There were over 100 guests at our wedding f_.5. The X-ray showed that the _

30、(骨头骨头) was broken in two places.6. A p_ is a person who writes poems.7. The charity provides blankets and _ (衣服衣服) for homeless children.feastbonepoetclothing8. Its the _ (风俗风俗) for the brides father to pay for the wedding in this place. 9. My aunt is deeply _ (虔诚的虔诚的) and goes to church twice a week.10. The coach said that they needed more _ (精力充沛的精力充沛的) players on their basketball team.customreligiousenergeticII. 根据汉语提示，用课文中所学单词根据汉语提示，