中考英语语法专题复习_被动语态PPT

1、 掌握一般现在时、一般过去时掌握一般现在时、一般过去时 的的被动语态，（预习）一般将来时和被动语态，（预习）一般将来时和带有带有can，may，must等情态动词等情态动词的被动语态的构成和基本用法。的被动语态的构成和基本用法。 Its very important for us to protect Its very important for us to protect the environment. Every day many trees the environment. Every day many trees areare cutcut down. Waste down. Was

2、te is thrownis thrown away. The air away. The air is is pollutedpolluted. Waste water . Waste water is pouredis poured into into rivers. Wild animals rivers. Wild animals are killedare killed 保护环境对于我们来说很重要保护环境对于我们来说很重要. .每天树木在每天树木在被砍伐被砍伐. .空气空气被污染被污染. .废物废物被乱扔被乱扔. .污水污水被排放被排放到河里到河里. .野生动物野生动物被杀被杀 观察

3、下列句子并总结观察下列句子并总结. .1.Many trees 1.Many trees are cutare cut down. down. 2.Waste 2.Waste is thrownis thrown away. away. 3.The air 3.The air is pollutedis polluted. . 4.Waste water 4.Waste water is pouredis poured into rivers. into rivers. 5.Wild animals 5.Wild animals are killedare killed一般现在时的被动语态一般

4、现在时的被动语态: am/is/are+过去分词过去分词Exercise: The bottle _ (fill) with hot water. 瓶子里装满了热水。瓶子里装满了热水。2. Cameras _ (use) for taking photos. 相机是用来照相的相机是用来照相的.are usedis filled3.The classroom is very clean and it 3.The classroom is very clean and it _ (clean) by us _ (clean) by us every dayevery day. .4.The toy

5、s in the supermarket _ 4.The toys in the supermarket _ (make) in China.(make) in China. 5.Beijing is a beautiful city and it _ 5.Beijing is a beautiful city and it _ (visit) by many people(visit) by many peopleevery yearevery year. . is cleanedare madeis visited Though mom wasnt at home last night,T

6、hough mom wasnt at home last night,Lily and Ted still had a good dinner. TheLily and Ted still had a good dinner. Thevegetables vegetables were cutwere cut by Ted. The food by Ted. The food waswas cookedcooked by Lily. And after the supper, the by Lily. And after the supper, thedishes dishes were wa

7、shedwere washed by Lily. The table by Lily. The table waswas wipedwiped（擦）擦）by Ted. The kitchen by Ted. The kitchen was cleanedwas cleanedby them two.by them two. 尽管妈妈昨晚没在家，丽丽和泰德仍然吃了一顿尽管妈妈昨晚没在家，丽丽和泰德仍然吃了一顿很好的晚餐。很好的晚餐。 菜是菜是被被泰德泰德切切的。的。 食物是被丽丽食物是被丽丽煮煮的。的。晚饭后，碗是晚饭后，碗是被被丽丽丽丽洗洗的。的。 桌子是桌子是被被泰德泰德打扫打扫的。的。厨房

8、厨房被被他们他们打扫打扫干净。干净。 观察下列句子并总结观察下列句子并总结. .1.The vegetables 1.The vegetables were cutwere cut by Ted. by Ted. 2.The food 2.The food was cookedwas cooked by Lily. by Lily.3.The dishes 3.The dishes were washedwere washed by Lily. by Lily. 4.The table 4.The table was wipedwas wiped by Ted. by Ted. 5.The k

9、itchen 5.The kitchen was cleanedwas cleaned by them two. by them two.一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态: was/were+过去分词过去分词Exercise:1.A new machine _ (invent) last month. 一种新型机器上个月被发明。一种新型机器上个月被发明。2.They _ (ask) a question by the teacher yesterday. 昨天他们被老师问了一个问题。昨天他们被老师问了一个问题。 were askedwas invented 3.The book _ (

10、write) by him 3.The book _ (write) by him last yearlast year. .4.Our school has a long history. And it 4.Our school has a long history. And it _ (build) _ (build) in 1958in 1958. .5.Many students _ (send) to 5.Many students _ (send) to America to study by our school America to study by our school la

11、st yearlast year. . were sentwere sentwas builtwas builtwas writtenwas written 1 1一现被：一现被：Many trees are cut down. 2 2一过被：一过被：The food was cooked by Lily.am/is/are+过去分词过去分词was/were+过去分词过去分词主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：vWe clean our classroom every day.Our classroomis cleaned主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语by usevery d

12、ay结构：主动语态：结构：主动语态：主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语 被动语态：被动语态：主语主语 be +过去分词过去分词by+宾语宾语注意把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。且时态不能变。且bebe动词和新主语保持一致。动词和新主语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词为被动句时作介词 byby的宾语，要用宾格。如的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语上例中的主语wewe改为

13、改为usus。归纳总结方法 把主动语态改为被动语态可按把主动语态改为被动语态可按“ 、 、 ”来进行。即：来进行。即： 变变把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。的宾语。 套套根据原句的时态套用相应时态。根据原句的时态套用相应时态。 注意注意注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。 例例Many people speak English. English by many people. He washed his shoes yesterday. H

14、is shoes by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed一变一变二套二套 三注意三注意v把主动语态变成被动语态1.She waters the flowers every dayThe flowersare wateredby her every day.3.They do their homework after school.Their homework is done by them after school. 2. I bought a computer last term A computer was bought (by me) last ter

15、m.vStep four:阅读训练（内容在讲义中）vStep five:让学生把本节课所学内容总结在笔记本上(在老师指导下）vThank you for your listening Practice Practice1. The sick boy _ to hospital by the police yesterday.A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took2.This school has a long history. It _ 100 years ago. A. builds B. built C. was built D. has bui

16、lt B BC C_3.The Olympic Games _ every four years. A. are held B. were held C. are holding D. will hold .4.-Whos the little boy in the photo, Susan? -Its me. This photo _ ten years ago. A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken A AD D_1.The children _ not to smoke. A. are told B. told C. tell D. are

17、telling2.English _ by about 400 million people in the world. A. is spoken B. speaks C. speak D. are spoken3.It is said that a new school _ here soon. A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. is building4.-May I use your bike? -Im afraid you cant. It must _ now. A. repair B. be repaired C. repai

18、red D. is repaired 5.This famous tower has a long history. It _ more than 300 years. A. builds B. built C. be built D. was built A AA AC CB BD D_ 观察下列句子并总结观察下列句子并总结. 1. Some new buildings will be built soon. 2. More important meetings will be held here. 3. It will be visited by many people. 4. It wi

19、ll be loved by more and more people. 5. We believe it will be known by the people all over the world.1.The letter _ (post) tomorrow. . 这封信明天将被寄走这封信明天将被寄走. .2.A new film _ (show) next week. 一部新电影下周将被上演一部新电影下周将被上演. .一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态: will+be+过去分词过去分词Practice :will be postedwill be shown/ showed 观察

20、下列句子并总结观察下列句子并总结.1.No eating and drinking 1.No eating and drinking cancan be allowed be allowed in the in the chemistry lab.chemistry lab.2.The waste paper 2.The waste paper should be thrownshould be thrown into the into the paper basket.paper basket.3.Nothing 3.Nothing maymay be touched be touched

21、withoutwithout permission. permission.4.Everything 4.Everything must be putmust be put back after the back after the experiment. experiment. 5.The lab 5.The lab should be keptshould be kept clean. clean. 3.The hard work _ (finish) tomorrow and then well have a two-day off. 4.A party _ (hold) for gra

22、ndmas birthday next week.5.She has moved to the new building. Her old house _ (sell) soon. will be finishedwill be heldwill be soldRules for the Chemistry LabRules for the Chemistry Lab1.No eating and drinking can be allowed in the chemistry lab.2.Waste paper should be thrown into the paper basket.3

23、.Nothing may be touched without permission( (允许允许).).4.Everything must be put back after the experiment.5.The lab should be kept clean.在实验室里吃和喝不在实验室里吃和喝不能被允许能被允许. .实验室实验室应该被保持应该被保持整洁整洁. .废纸废纸应该被扔进应该被扔进纸篓里纸篓里. . 不得到允许不得到允许, ,什么都什么都不能不能( (被被) )摸摸. .实验后每样东西实验后每样东西必须被放回必须被放回. . 3.The young trees must _(

24、look) after well. 4. Wild animals should _(protect).5. The raising of the flag can _(see) every morning at Tiananmen Square. be lookedbe protectedbe seen人民所了解。人民所了解。 Chao Yang is very famous both in Beijing and Chao Yang is very famous both in Beijing and in China . Some new buildings in China . Som

25、e new buildings will bewill be builtbuilt soon. More important meetingssoon. More important meetings will be held will be held herehere. It . It will be visitedwill be visited by many people. It by many people. It will bewill be lovedloved by more and more people. We believe it by more and more people. We believe it will be knownwill be known by the people all over the world. by the people all over the world.朝阳在北京和中国都很著名。朝阳在北京和中国都很著名。 新的建筑很快将新的建筑很快将被修建被修建。更多重要会议将在这里更多重要会议将在这里被召开被召开。 它将它将被许多的人参观被许多的人参观。它将它将被被越来越多的人所越来越多的人所热爱热爱。 我们相信它将我们相信它将被全世界被全世界 在被动语态中要注意的问题在被动语态中要注意的问