高考英语语法——被动语态(共27张PPT)

1、高考英语语法高考英语语法 被动语态被动语态12孩子吃苹果孩子吃苹果苹果被吃了苹果被吃了打碎玻璃打碎玻璃玻璃被打碎了玻璃被打碎了3语态语态（语态主要说（语态主要说明主语和谓语明主语和谓语之间的主动或之间的主动或者被动关系）者被动关系）主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。4被动语态的构成被动语态的构成be/get+done（及物动词的过去分词）（及物动词的过去分词）The bridge was built last year (by the workers).The brid

2、ge was not built last year (by the workers).Was the bridge built last year (by the workers)?When was the bridge built (by the workers)?She gets caught in the storm.He got hurt in the head.“by+执行者执行者”常省略常省略5被动语态被动语态使用场合使用场合不清楚或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。不清楚或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

3、Some new computers were stolen last night.The biggest apple is eaten by his brother.处于礼貌、婉转等避免说出动作执行者。处于礼貌、婉转等避免说出动作执行者。Youll be contacted.Visitors are required not to pick flowers.避免更换主语，以求行文流畅。避免更换主语，以求行文流畅。The professor came in and was warmly welcomed.（连贯）（连贯）The professor came in and we welcomed

4、 him warmly.（不（不连贯）连贯）6被动语态的各种形式被动语态的各种形式am/is/are+done一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.7was/were+done一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed

5、 on last month.8am/is/are+being+done现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.v-ingbebeing现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are+被动语态：被动语态： done现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态： am/is/are+done9was/were+being+done过去进行时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态At this time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were be

6、ing planted here at this time last year.v-ingbebeing过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were+被动语态：被动语态： done过去进行时的被动语态：过去进行时的被动语态： was/were+done10have/has+been+done现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.donebebeen现在完成时：现在完成时：have/

7、has+被动语态：被动语态： done现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态： have/has+done11had+been+done过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader.donebebeen现在完成时：现在完成时：had+被动语态：被动语态： done过去完成时的被动语态：过去完成时的被动语态： had+done12will+be+done一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态They will sen

8、d cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.dobebe一般将来时：一般将来时：will+被动语态：被动语态： done一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态： will+done13would+be+done过去将来时的被动语态过去将来时的被动语态They would complete the project by the end of the year.The project would be completed by the end of the year.dobebe一般将来时：一般将来时：would+被动语态：被动语态

9、： done过去将来时的被动语态：过去将来时的被动语态： would+done14will have+been+done将来完成时的被动语态将来完成时的被动语态The supper will have been cooked before you go back.The film will have been played ten times by next spring.donebebeen现在完成时：现在完成时：will have+被动语态：被动语态： done现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态： will have+done15would have+been+done过去将来完成

10、时的被动过去将来完成时的被动语态语态He said that the book would have been finished by eight oclock.The leader said that the project would have been completed before May.donebebeen现在完成时：现在完成时：would have+被动语态：被动语态： done现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态： would have+done16情态动词情态动词+be+done含情态动词的被动语态含情态动词的被动语态You must hand in your com

11、positions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.dobebe情态动词情态动词+被动语态：被动语态： done含情态动词的被动语态：含情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词情态动词+done17不及物动词和表示状态的及物动词都不能用于被动语态。不及物动词和表示状态的及物动词都不能用于被动语态。In recent years, great changes have taken place in China.（正）In recent years, great changes have been taken place

12、 in China.（误）The coat belongs to me.The lecture hall can hold 500 people.宾语是反身代词时不能改成被动句。宾语是反身代词时不能改成被动句。She blamed herself.（正）Herself was blamed.（误）I absented myself from the meeting.（正）Myself was absented from the meeting.（误）18宾语是相互代词时，不能改成被动句。宾语是相互代词时，不能改成被动句。They love each other.（正）Each other is

13、 loved by them.（误）We should help one another.（正）One other should be helped by us.（误）宾语是同源宾语时，一般不能构成被动语态。宾语是同源宾语时，一般不能构成被动语态。He lived a happy life. =He lived happily.（正）A happy life was lived by him.（误）She dreamt a sweet dream.（正）A sweet dream was dreamt by her.（误）19表示地点、方向、长度、价格等意义的宾语时，不用被动语态。表示地点、方

14、向、长度、价格等意义的宾语时，不用被动语态。He left home for school.（正）Home was left for school by him.（误）The elephant weighs one ton.（正）One ton is weighed by the elephant.（误）当宾语是动词不定式或动名词时，不能构成被动句。当宾语是动词不定式或动名词时，不能构成被动句。I like to have a trip tomorrow.（正）To have a trip is liked by me tomorrow.（误）He enjoys talking with ot

15、hers.（正）Talking with others is enjoyed by him.（误）2021Father bought me a new bike.I was bought a new bike.A new bike was bought for me.The man gives me a lot of useful advice.I am given a lot of useful advice.A lot of useful advice is given to me.22We elect her monitor of our class.She is elected mon

16、itor of our class.Workers painted the house white.The house was painted white.My mother makes me go to school alone today.I am made to go to school alone today.I saw the thief escape from the room.The thief was seen to escape from the room.We watched the boy playing by the river.The boy was watched

17、playing by the river.23感官类系动词用主动语态表示被动含义。感官类系动词用主动语态表示被动含义。The song sounds very beautiful.Flowers smell sweet.The man looks strong.某些和cant、wont等连用的及物动词，如open、close、lock、shut、move等。The door wont open.The table cant move.24与副词well、easily连用的动词：read、write、wash、clean、burn、sell、open、cut、lock等，表示主语的特点和属性。T

18、he pen writes smoothly.The coat washes well.The novel sells well.The room doesnt clean easily.want、require、need、deserve、stand、bear和worth等后面用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。The bike needs repairing.=The bike needs to be repaired.The book is worth reading.25VS被动语态表示动作；系表结构表示特点、状态或性质。被动语态表示动作；系表结构表示特点、状态或性质。The book is

19、 written by a famous expert.（被动语态）The book is well written.（系表结构）The problem is settled quickly.（被动语态）The problem is settled.（系表结构）过去分词前有过去分词前有very、too、so等程度副词修饰，该结构为系表结构。等程度副词修饰，该结构为系表结构。She is very pleased.He was so frightened.She is quite surprised at the good news.26过去分词前有过去分词前有much、very much、to

20、o much、so much修饰时，修饰时，该结构为被动语态。该结构为被动语态。He was much agitated.He was beaten so much that he couldnt stand up.系表结构可同形容词并列使用，而被动语态结构则不可。系表结构可同形容词并列使用，而被动语态结构则不可。They were married in April.（被动语态）They were married and happy.（系表结构）不及物动词的过去分词与不及物动词的过去分词与be动词连用为系表结构，表示动作的完成。动词连用为系表结构，表示动作的完成。The man has been retired.Time is gone.271. The fifth generation computers,