《国际商法导论》PPT课件

1、国际商法国际商法International Business Law Three Tasks Task one: what is International business law? Task two: what are the sources of International business law? Task three: what are the similarities and differences between the common law and the civil law? Definition International business law- refers to

2、total norms and customary practices regulating International business transactions and all kinds of relationships between business organizations across national boundaries. 国际商法是调整国际商事交易（commercial transaction）与商事组织（business organization）各种关系的法律规范（legal norm）的总和。 1 the subjects of international comm

3、ercial transactions international business organizations across national boundaries /multinational corporations （跨国经营的涉（跨国经营的涉外企业，特别是跨国公司）外企业，特别是跨国公司） 2 the contents of international business law mainly about the international business transactions, as well as the relationships between multinational

4、 corporations. Traditional material trade transaction law immaterial transactions of technology, capital ,service and so on. e.g. company law negotiable instrument law 票据法 maritime law 海事法 insurance law law of international technology transfer技术转让法 industrial property law工业知识产权法 international invest

5、ment law投资法 international financial law 银行法 international tax law law of international dispute settlement仲裁法 3 the norms and customary practices in the international business law they are generally admitted and obeyed by the international world. source one National business law source two internatio

6、nal business treaties and conventions. source three international trade customs and usages source four international business cases Treaties are binding agreements between two or more states. 它主要是指涉及一些重大问题的政治、经济、法律等问题，是两个或多个国家共同参与达成的具有长期效力的协议，如边界、领事、航运条约等。 Conventions are the legally binding agreeme

7、nts between states sponsored by international organizations. 公约是指针对某一些重大问题，有国际组织发起的，多个国家参与国际会议二缔结的多变条约，它的主要内容多为造法性的。 e.g. GATT1947关税与贸易总协定 CISG1980联合国国际货物买卖合同公约 Common law Civil law Similarities Differences Derived from English law dating back hundreds of years and are based on the principle of foll

8、owing long-established customs that were written down in important court decisions, called Precedents. These prior court decisions that were written and handed down over time have themselves formed a set of laws that help guide the proper behaviors of people, businesses, and other institutions. Comm

9、on law systems often have legislatures that pass laws as well; in the absence of a precedent or a clear legislative act, common law courts can create a new rule of law. England, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and some other countries that were once part of the British Empire all

10、have common law legal systems. based on the principle that the only official source of law of a nation is what is specifically written in a code of books called Statutes. Statutory law（成文法） in a civil law system can be very complex since the lawmakers in a nation based on that system situation. Civi

11、l law systems are less flexible and adoptable than common law systems. Courts in civil law systems still must interpret the statutes that are passed, but, generally, they may not depart from the statutes and develop their own laws. Civil law systems evolved from the legal system of ancient Rome. The

12、 best known example of civil law is the French Napoleonic Code, or Code Napoleon, which has developed in 1807 by Napoleon Bonaparte and which still exists today. Most European countries, such as French, Germany, Spain, Portugal and Italy have their legal systems based on civil law. Additionally, man

13、y American, African, and Asian countries that were once colonies of countries of continental European nations have civil law systems. Japan and South Africa have civil law systems. Parts of civil law systems can be found in the courts of countries whose people are predominantly Muslim. Common law an

14、d civil law systems are not completely separate; however, many common law countries have aspects of civil law in their legal systems. Furthermore, many non-Western countries have legal systems that are very different from traditional common law and civil law nations. (1) sourceCommon law based on co

15、urt decisions or precedent Civil law based on code, statutes, and prescribed texts（制定教科书）。 (2) the ways spreading around the worldCommon law a direct political linkage to England. Civil law the connection with other civil law countries is more tenuous. (3)Civil law is the easier of the two legal tra

16、ditions to be received . (3)Common law is a matrix of case law and statutes; it sues the jury system and the doctrine of supremacy to limit the actions of the government; and it encompasses a complex terminology. 宪法（母法） 大法（ 子法） 国国际际法法经经济济法法行行政政诉诉讼讼法法行行政政法法刑刑事事诉诉讼讼法法刑刑法法民民事事诉诉讼讼法法民民法法商商法法 国际法国际法国际公法国

17、际公法国际私法国际私法国际经济法国际经济法 共同点共同点均为调整国际商事或经济关系的法律规范的总称均为调整国际商事或经济关系的法律规范的总称 区区 别：别： 国际商法国际商法 国际经济法国际经济法1）概念上）概念上仅仅是调整仅仅是调整更广泛：不同国家间的自然人、法人更广泛：不同国家间的自然人、法人及其他经济实体之间，国家与国际组及其他经济实体之间，国家与国际组织间织间2）渊源上）渊源上国际条约和国际国际条约和国际贸易惯例贸易惯例国际立法（包括国际条约和国际贸易国际立法（包括国际条约和国际贸易惯例）；重要国际组织的决议。惯例）；重要国际组织的决议。3）包含的内容）包含的内容上上更广泛：国际贸易法

18、（几乎包括国际更广泛：国际贸易法（几乎包括国际商法的大部分内容）；国际投资法；商法的大部分内容）；国际投资法；国际货币金融法；国际税法；国际经国际货币金融法；国际税法；国际经济贸易争端解决法律制度等济贸易争端解决法律制度等 1）Continental Law System 以德国和法国为代表的大陆法系（罗马法系、民法法系）。-强调成文法（written law）的作用，主张编纂法典（code），强调系统化、条理化、法典化和逻辑化。 2）Common Law System 以英国和美国为代表的普通法系(普通法、判例法）。-来源于习惯法，表现在法官的判决中，以判例形式出现，强调程序。民法法系（大陆法系）民法法系（大陆法系）普通法系（英美法系、普通法系（英美法系、判例法系）判例法系