情态动词高一用

1、GrammarModal Modal VerbVerb 情态动词有一定的意义，但没有情态动词有一定的意义，但没有_和和_的变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动的变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语词构成谓语除除_ 和和_ 外，后面外，后面只能接不带只能接不带to 的不定式。的不定式。 只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can / could, may / might, ought to, must 可情态可实义的可情态可实义的need, dare 可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will / would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的 have to, used

2、 to人称人称数数oughthaveDiscovering useful structures Ex. 1: 1. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather 2. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. 3. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find 4. or to satisfy the ancestors, who mig

3、ht return either to help or to do harm. 5. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves 6. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go 7. the children might play a trick on them. 8. Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. 9. Harvest and Thanksgiving

4、festivals can be very happy events.10. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls 11. Some people might win awards for their farm produce 12. At the Spring Festival in China, peoplemay give children lucky money in red paper.13. These carnivals might include parades,

5、dancing in the streets 14. The country looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 1. ability, ability, permission, possibility, request 2. permission or request, possibility 3. promise or prediction, past habit, request 4. promise, advice, prediction 5. advice or necessity, guessing, guessi

6、ngEx.2 情态动词情态动词 含义含义否定式否定式 注意点注意点can / could1表能力表能力“能，会能，会”cant“不会，不能不会，不能”区别区别 be able to2表许可表许可“可以可以”cant “不可以，不许不可以，不许”代替代替may3表推测表推测“可能可能”cant “不可能不可能”主要用于主要用于否定否定、疑问句疑问句中中1表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事,要用要用was / were able to.2 could, might, would 表委婉语气用于疑问句表委婉语气用于疑问句, 答语仍须用答语仍须用 can, may, wi

7、ll.3 can 用于肯定句中用于肯定句中, 可表示可表示”有时可能有时可能”Everyone here can speak English.-Could I have a look at your notebook?-Yes, you_. / No, you _It _be Mary. She has fallen ill.Can this news be true?Where can they be?She _(leave) school, for her bike is still here.The monkeys look sweet, but they _be very naught

8、y.She can / is able to sing the song in English.I _ read when I was four. The fire spread through the hotel quickly but everyone_get out.cancant.cantcant have leftcancould was able to 情态动情态动词词含义含义否定式否定式 注注 意意 点点may /might1表许可表许可“可以可以”had better not,mustnt 等“不许，严禁不许，严禁”口语中也可用口语中也可用cant2表推测表推测“可能可能”ca

9、nt “不可能不可能”主要主要用于用于肯定肯定句，句，不不能用在能用在疑问疑问句句 （may not 可能不）可能不）- _I use your pencil?-Yes, you _. / No, you _.She may not be working now. John might be at home now.Helen _go on the trip with us, but she isnt very sure yet.She may / might have read it in the paper.He may not have finished reading the book

10、.Maymaymustntmay情态动词情态动词 用用 法法will1表请求表请求(第二人称第二人称)2表意志表意志,意愿意愿3表某种倾表某种倾向或习惯向或习惯would1更客气的更客气的请求请求2过去的过去的意志意志,意愿意愿3过去的倾过去的倾向或习惯向或习惯If you _help me with my English, I _be very happy. I promised that I _do my best.Will you tell me something about your hometown? Would you please speak again more slowly

11、？He will always take a walk after supper. Accidents will happen at any time.During the vacation he would often visit me. willwillwould情态动词情态动词 用用 法法shall1征求对方意见征求对方意见(第一第一, 三人称三人称)2表示命令表示命令,警告警告, 威胁或威胁或允诺允诺 (第二第二, 三人称三人称) should / ought to1表示劝告表示劝告,建议建议,命令或责任命令或责任“应该应该, 必须必须”2表示推测表示推测, “理应理应, 估估计计,

12、大概大概”3表示表示“竟然竟然”Shall we start off now? You shall do as I say.Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. You shall be punished if you do that again.You shouldnt /oughtnt to smoke so much.She shouldnt have left without saying a word.Its five oclock. John should be at home now. We have prepared a

13、fridge of good and drinks. That ought to be enough for the party.Its a pity that he should be so rude to a lady.情态动词情态动词 含义含义否定式否定式注意点注意点must1表必要表必要“必须必须”neednt“不必不必”( 区别区别 have to)2表推测表推测“一定一定” cant“不可能不可能”只能只能用于用于肯定肯定句，句，不能不能用于用于否定、疑问句否定、疑问句 3有时表有时表“偏要偏要”,“偏偏偏偏”- _ I finish all assignments at a ti

14、me?-Yes, you _. / No, you _. I dont like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They _ walk home.You must be the new teacher. There is nobody here. They _ _ _home.My MP4 isnt in my bag. Where _ it?John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?Mustmustneednth

15、ad tomusthaveallgonecanIhaveput1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able toA D 4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can

16、 B. should C. ought to D. is able toA 5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. couldC A 7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustn

17、t C. neednt D. may not8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldntC B 9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont10. -May I pick a flower in the

18、garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wontB C 11. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with only a shirt on. A. can B. could C. must D. would12. Must I drive to his house and pick up the children? No, . A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you m

19、ustntC C 13. We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would have not attended14. Hi, Jack, any idea where Susan is? -Its class time, so she _ in the classroom now. A. should be B. can be C. must have been D. might ha

20、ve beenB A 15. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. Can B. Must C. Should D. Ought to16. Two year ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in town, it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should not D. dont have toA D 17.-Is John c

21、oming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may19.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt beDCought to的否定式为的否定式为oughtnt to或或ought not tob

22、. should, ought to都可表示推测。都可表示推测。c. Should/ ought to have done本该做却没做本该做却没做 Should/ ought not to have done本不该做却做了本不该做却做了He ought to / should be home by now. This is where the oil ought to / should be. You should have finished your homework by now.Should, ought to 应该应该 1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中作为情态动词用，常用在否

23、定句和疑问句中。dare (need) +S +VS + darent (neednt) +VI darent walk through the forest at night.Dare you walk through the forest at night?You neednt return the book now.Need he go now?可兼做行为动词的情态动词：可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 2.作实义动词用，常用在肯定句中作实义动词用，常用在肯定句中, 有有人称、时态、和数的变化人称、时态、和数的变化He needs to go there himself.

24、He has grown up, we dont need to worry about him.1.判断正误: How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes need be c

25、leaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully.表示对表示对过去已经发生过去已经发生的行为进行推测，的行为进行推测，意为意为 “想必想必/准是准是/一定一定做做了了某事某事”。1.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term. 到上学期为止我们一定学了有两千个单词到上学期为止我们一定学了有两千个单词 。2.He must have gone to Beijing. 他一定已经去北京了。

26、他一定已经去北京了。 must +have done 表示表示对过去行为的怀疑和不肯定对过去行为的怀疑和不肯定，表示一表示一种推测。种推测。通常用在通常用在否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句中。中。1. Can they have won the basketball match?2. It couldnt have been Mr. Green. He has gone to New York. can/could+have donecould(不用不用can)+have doneYou could have told me earlier. 你本该早点告诉我的。你本该早点告诉我的。在在肯定句肯定

27、句中表过去中表过去“本来能够本来能够而没而没能能”，具有婉转的批评和责备之意。，具有婉转的批评和责备之意。may(might)+have done1.You may have read about it in the paper.你可能在报纸上读过这个了。你可能在报纸上读过这个了。2. You might have come earlier.你本可以早点来的。（但没有这样）你本可以早点来的。（但没有这样）表示表示过去可能过去可能（推测（推测/责备）责备）用于用于肯定句肯定句时，表示过去时，表示过去“本该做某事本该做某事而实际上没做而实际上没做”，用于，用于否定句否定句时，则表时，则表示示“不该做的事反而做了不该做的事反而做了”。你本应一周前告诉他。你本应一周前告诉他。You should have told him a week ago.should/ought (not) to +have doneneednt +have done1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday. 昨天她本不必到火车站去的昨天她本不必到火车站去的.（昨天她去（昨天她去了）了）2.You neednt have told him about it.?区别区别You didnt need tell hi