2021届湖北省武汉市高三下学期英语质量检测试题

1、2021届湖北省武汉市高三下学期英语质量检测试题全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条 形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3, 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试 卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4, 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题,每小题2. 5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题,每小题2. 5分，满分

2、37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。ABuckingham Palace, Hyde Park, St. PauPs Cathedral, the London Eye these are just a few examples of the best of London. If you ever have a chance to tour London, the following are some hotels well worth having a try.The SavoyPerfectly located for the shops of C

3、ovent Garden and the cinemas of Leicester Square, the Savoy was Marilyn Monroe's London hotel of choice. Book one of the hotel's 267 luxury rooms and fully enjoy either elegant Edwardian design or sleek Art Deco design.The Savoy, 2 Savoy Court, Strand, London WC2R OEZ, UK； 44 20 7836 4343Cha

4、rlotte Street HotelSituated in London5 s media neighborhood, this former dental hospital now contains 52 individually designed rooms, with huge, comfortable beds and oak bathrooms, and some rooms have luxuriously high ceilings.Charlotte Street Hotel, 15-17 Charlotte St, Fitzrovia, London WIT 1RJ, UK

5、； 44 20 7806 2000The ArosfaThis reasonably priced townhouse hotel was once the Bloomsbury home of artist John Everett Millais. Ifs close to the British Museum and the shops of Oxford Street. Wi-Fi is available, and full English breakfast is included. The Arosfa has only 15 rooms, so book early.The A

6、rosfa, 83 Gower St, Fitzrovia, London WC1E 6HJ, UK； 44 20 7636 2115The HoxtonThe Hoxton is a hit with budget travelers. In the middle of the capitalJ s most active nightlife area, it could not be better located for the party crowd. The Hoxton has been a big hit since it opened in 2006. The hotePs 21

7、0 rooms have wood floors, large mirrors and industrial details.The Hoxton, Shoreditch, 81 Great Eastern St, London EC2A 3HU England； 44 20 7550 10001. What does The Savoy have to attract guests?A. Movie theaters.B. Fine designs.C. Art galleries.D. English breakfast.2. Which of the following hotels i

8、s probably the smallest?A. The Savoy.B. Charlotte Street Hotel.C. The Arosfa.D. The Hoxton.3. Who will favor The Hoxton?A. Shoppers.B. Celebrities.C. Budget agents.D. Party lovers.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个伦敦的酒店，描述了它们的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectly located for the shops of Covent Gar

9、den and the cinemas of Leicester Square, the Savoy was Marilyn Monroe's London hotel of choice. Book one of the hotel's 267 luxury rooms and fully enjoy either elegant Edwardian design or sleek Art Deco design.（萨沃伊酒店位于科文特花园的商店和莱斯特广场的电影院之间，是玛丽莲·梦露在伦敦的首选酒店。预订酒店的267间豪华客房，充分享受典雅的爱德华时代设计或时尚的

10、装饰艺术设计。）”可知，萨沃伊酒店用精细的设计来吸引客人。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The Savoy“267 luxury rooms（267间豪华客房）”；Charlotte Street Hotel“52 individually designed rooms（52个独立设计的房间）”；The Arosfa“The Arosfa has only 15 rooms, so book early.（Arosfa酒店只有15个房间，所以要提前预定。）”以及The Hoxton“210 rooms（210间客房）”可知，The Arosfa旅馆可能是最小的。故选C。【3题详解】细节理

11、解题。根据倒数第二段“In the middle of the capitalJ s most active nightlife area, it could not be better located for the party crowd.（它位于伦敦最活跃的夜生活区中部，是聚会人群聚集的最佳地点。）”可知，派对爱好者会很支持The Hoxton。故选D。BBorn Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler Nov. 9, 1914, the Austria native took an early interest in the performing arts, but seem

12、ed equally fascinated with science and engineering. In 1937, she signed a contract with Hollywood's Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio under the name Hedy Lamarr. Her first film was a great success and soon Lamarr was a household name.During her Hollywood years, Lamarr was known for her knowledge on avi

13、ation （航空） design and theory. But it wasn't until 1942 that Lamarr's innovative thinking inspired a creative invention. In cooperation with composer George Antheil, Lamarr designed a frequency-hopping （跳频）system that minimized the jamming of radio signals.During World War II, Hedy's moth

14、er was trapped in Vienna. It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So she worked on inventing a remote controlled torpedo （鱼雷）so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the Atlanti

15、c, thus securing safe passage to the US. To make sure the Nazis couldn't detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a "secret communication system" that couldn't be detected.The “ secret communication system" employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies fro

16、m interpreting messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signal, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner. To anyone listening, it would just sound like noise. But the signal would be clear if both the sender and receiver hopped frequencies at the same time.

17、Although the technology was never used in wartime, it ended up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the decades. Many believe that Lamarr's invention made technology like Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.4. What does the underlined wor

18、ds "the jamming of radio signalsn in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Detecting the radio signals.B. Sending the radio signals.C. Receiving the radio signals.D. Boosting the radio signals.5. What led Lamarr to invent a new communication system?A. Her passion for science.B. Her interest in performing.C.

19、Her contract with a studio.D. Her desire to help her mother out.6. What does paragraph 4 focus on?A. Showing the application of the system.B. Interpreting how the system functioned.C. Stressing the significance of the system.D. Explaining how the system was invented.7. What can we infer about Hedy L

20、amarr from the text?A. She was very ambitious.B. She was a productive actress.C. She was completely devoted to science.D. She contributed to communication technology.【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海蒂·拉玛发明“秘密通信系统”的原因和系统的运作机理，也讲述了她对通信技术做出了贡献。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“To make sure the Nazis

21、could't detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a "secret communication system " that couldn't be detected.（为了确保纳粹不能探测到她的鱼雷的无线电信号，她创造了一个无法被探测到的“秘密通信系统”。）”可推断，the jamming of radio signals指的是检测无线电信号。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to

22、America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So she worked on inventing a remote controlled torpedo （鱼雷）so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the Atlantic, thus securing safe passage to the US.（海蒂很难帮助她的母亲去美国，因为每艘美国船都被纳粹炸毁了。因此，她致力

23、于发明一种遥控鱼雷，这种鱼雷非常先进，可以追踪并炸毁大西洋上的每一艘纳粹潜艇，从而确保通往美国的安全通道。）”可知，是Lamarr想帮助母亲摆脱困境的愿望促使她发明了一种新的通信系统。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“The “ secret communication system" employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies from interpreting messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signa

24、l, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner.（“秘密通信系统”利用改变无线电频率来阻止敌人解读信息。多个无线电频率被用来广播一个无线电信号，它以一种明显随机的方式改变频率。）”可知，第四段的重点是解释系统是如何运作的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although the technology was never used in wartime, it ended up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the dec

25、ades. Many believe that Lamarr's invention made technology like Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.（尽管这项技术从未在战时使用过，但它最终在数十年的通信方法中发挥了关键作用。许多人认为，拉玛的发明使Wi-Fi、GPS和蓝牙等技术以及手机等设备成为可能。）”可推断，海蒂·拉玛对通信技术做出了贡献。故选D。CKids spend a lot of time looking at screens. And som

26、e parents worry. But a new study argues against the anxiety parents may feel.“Parents are hearing a message that social media, digital technology use is causing very serious and harmful problems like depression, like suicide-related behaviors,” Candice Odgers, professor of psychological science at t

27、he University of California said. “But the idea is that if you shut off social media, you could in fact be making a situation worse. Parents are really being sent a message that is not supported by anything scientifically.”Odgers and her colleagues looked at the screen-related behavior of 400 public

28、 school students in North Carolina aged 10 to 14. The researchers found that the kids spent between almost five hours to seven hours per day on their devices. Thats a lot of hours but the researchers didn't find connection between the amount of time that young people spent online using digital t

29、echnologies and mental health signs like depression, or anxiety. They found that young people who sent more text messages actually reported better mental health.This was a small association, but it reflects what other people have found: the people who are very connected offline, who use technology i

30、n the positive ways to stay connected, often are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.So why the fears about screen time? Odgers argues that the methods for previous studies may have led to false conclusions. When given a survey, the kids were often asked to recall, ov

31、er the past six months, “How often are you online?” and “Have you ever felt depressed”. And the relation between those two things has been used to spread a lot of fear around the connection between social media use and things like depression, yet 99.5% of the reasons that kids differ in their depres

32、sion is due to something other than the time they spend online.8. The new study is mainly about the relation between _.A. kids, screen time and their eyesightB. kids screen time and their depressionC. social media use and kids mental healthD. Internet environment and kids' mental health9. What d

33、oes Odgers think of the message parents received?A. It misleads people.B. It makes much sense.C. It was confirmed by science.D. It reveals parents, ignorance.10. What kind of kids bear better mental health?A. Kids spending less time online.B. Kids staying unconnected offline.C. Kids shutting off soc

34、ial media.D. Kids positively using digital technology.11. What's the main purpose of the text?A. To present a social phenomenon.B. To challenge a common belief.C. To draw attention to kids, health.D. To encourage more screen time.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究反驳了“社交媒体和数字技术的使用正在导

35、致青少年抑郁和与自杀相关的行为问题”这一常见观点，指出父母们实际上收到的信息是没有任何科学依据的。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现和意义。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thats a lot of hours but the researchers didn't find connection between the amount of time that young people spent online using digital technologies and mental health signs like depression, or anxiety.(这是一个

36、很长的时间，但研究人员没有发现年轻人上网使用数字技术的时间与抑郁或焦虑等心理健康迹象之间的联系)”可知，这项新研究主要是关于社交媒体使用和儿童心理健康之间的关系。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Parents are really being sent a message that is not supported by anything scientifically.(父母们实际上收到的信息是没有任何科学依据的)”可知，Odgers认为父母收到的信息误导了人们。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This was a small association, but

37、it reflects what other people have found: the people who are very connected offline, who use technology in the positive ways to stay connected, often are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.(这只是一个很小的联系，但它反映了其他人的发现：那些线下联系紧密的人，那些积极利用科技保持联系的人，通常在网上也更紧密，心理更健康)”可知，积极使用数字技术

38、的孩子心理更健康。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Kids spend a lot of time looking at screens. And some parents worry. But a new study argues against the anxiety parents may feel. (孩子们花很多时间看屏幕。一些家长对此表示担心。但一项新的研究反驳了父母们可能感到的焦虑)”结合文章说明了一项新的研究反驳了“社交媒体和数字技术的使用正在导致青少年抑郁和与自杀相关的行为问题”这一常见观点，指出父母们实际上收到的信息是没有任何科学依据的。文章介绍了这项研究开展

39、的过程以及发现和意义。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是挑战一个常见观念。故选B。DUpright farming is a hugely promising agricultural technique that aims to produce more food to meet the growing population on our limited planet. Techniques include growing in vertical frames （垂向框架）or even in high-rise farms while moving farms into urban areas,

40、 and producing nutritious crops without topsoil.Vertical farmers plant crops in nutrient-rich water, so plants can be raised without soil. They also grow plants using water from fish tanks, or using nutrient water mist systems that reduce water use by more than 90 per cent, which was a technique dev

41、eloped by NASA as a way for astronauts to grow in space and feed themselves without soil while preserving precious water supplies. All of these soil-less growing techniques use less or no chemicals, and recycle water with less waste. Plants can be sown and harvested year-round, free from bad weather

42、 conditions such as drought or flooding.“ This is the farming of the future，' said Paul Myers, co-founder of vertical farming enterprise Farm Urban. " Chemical-free and moving from the traditional horse and tractor agriculture that is steadily destroying the planet to a more sustainable app

43、roach."The global vertical farming market is expected to be six times bigger in 2026 than it is today. This is fueled in part by rising demand for organic, chemical-free foods, but also by countries looking to increase their food security and cut down on imports the UK for example uses more tha

44、n 70 per cent of its land mass for agriculture but imports more than half of its food.As the vertical farming industry expands, it is worth noting that it has limitations it only works for some crops, and urban locations can be expensive.12. Where will upright farming be popular in the future?A. In

45、cities.B. In plains.C. In deserts.D. In the countryside.13. What do the techniques mentioned in paragraph 2 have in common?A. Waste-free.B. Nutrient-rich.C. Soil-saving.D. Waterproof.14. Why is upright farming promising?A. The trade routes are not secure.B. Organic food is increasingly popular.C. Th

46、e economic benefit is substantial.D. Imports are becoming more difficult.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Upright Farming： How To Save Soil And WaterB. Upright Farming: What To Plant In The New WayC. Vertical Farming: Raising Agricultures PotentialD. Vertical Farming： Lowering Environm

47、ental Impact【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的特点、好处和发展前景。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Techniques include growing in vertical frames （垂向框架）or even in high-rise farms while moving farms into urban areas, and producing nutritious crops without topsoil.（技术包括在垂直框架甚至高层农场中种植，同时将农场转移到城市地区，以及生产无表土的营

48、养作物。）”可知，垂直农业未来会在城市流行。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Vertical farmers plant crops in nutrient-rich water, so plants can be raised without soil.（垂直种植的农民在营养丰富的水中种植作物，所以植物可以在没有土壤的情况下生长。）”可知，第二段中提到的技术共同点是节省土壤。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This is fueled in part by rising demand for organic, chemical-free foods, but

49、also by countries looking to increase their food security and cut down on imports the UK for example uses more than 70 per cent of its land mass for agriculture but imports more than half of its food.（这是有机部分受到了不断增长的需求，不含化学物的食物，但是也由国家寻求提高粮食安全和减少进口例如使用超过英国农业中国陆地总面积的70%，但进口的一半以上的食物。）”可推断，直立农业有前途的原因是有机食

50、品越来越受欢迎。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Upright farming is a hugely promising agricultural technique that aims to produce more food to meet the growing population on our limited planet.（直立农业是一种非常有前景的农业技术，旨在生产更多的粮食，以满足我们有限的地球上不断增长的人口。）”以及倒数第二段“The global vertical farming market is expected to be six times big

51、ger in 2026 than it is today.（预计到2026年，全球垂直农业市场的规模将是现在的六倍。）”及全文可知，本文主要是讲述垂直农业在农业上的发展潜力。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。How to Choose the Right University Degree for YouChoosing the right university degree is perhaps one of the biggest decisions that you QI ma

52、ke in your life. If you are in the process of applying to university and aren't sure which degree to opt for, here are some things you can do to help you make the right choice._16_Many teens who are in the process of applying to university end up being pressured by parents or other family member

53、s to apply to study subjects that they are good at but don't really enjoy. _17_Remember, it's always easier to improve your knowledge and skills around a certain subject if you are truly passionate about it.Get some work experienceThere's nothing like actually experiencing something to h

54、elp you determine what you might want to do. _18_But you may be able to spend a day in the office or workplace shadowing people who work in those careers and asking them questions.Think about your future goalsWhen you think about your future goals, don't just think about the work that you want t

55、o be doing consider the other goals that you have for your life as well. _19_If so, a career as an English teacher or a translator might be the perfect option for you. Perhaps you want a job where you can help others every day；medicine, nursing or counselling could be an ideal choice. _20_Then degre

56、es in film, art, and architecture are great choices.A. Consider what you like.B. Do you want to travel a lot?C. You don't have to be employed.D. Think about what youre good at.E. Maybe you want to have many fans.F. Try not to let others push this on you.G. Maybe youre a very creative person.【答案】

57、16. A 17. F 18. C 19. B 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何选择专业的三个办法。【16题详解】根据下文“you are truly passionate about it（对某一学科充满热情）”可知，本段建议选择自己的专业可以考虑自己的爱好。A选项“Consider what you like.”（考虑你喜欢什么。）符合题意，故选A。【17题详解】根据上文“Many teens who are in the process of applying to university end up being pressured by parents or

58、other family members to apply to study subjects that they are good at but don't really enjoy.（许多青少年在申请大学的过程中，最终受到父母或其他家庭成员的压力，申请学习他们擅长但并不喜欢的科目。）”可知，我们选择自己的专业要遵从自己的内心，不要受其他人的影响。F选项“Try not to let others push this on you.”（不要让别人把这件事推给你。）符合题意，故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“There's nothing like actually experiencing something to help you determine what you might want to do.（没有什么比亲身体验更能帮助你决定你想要做什么了。）”以及下文“But you may be able to spend a day in the office or workplace shadowing people who work in those careers and asking them que