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1、Unit 2 Heroes知识点梳理重点词汇1. calm(1) adj. 镇静的,沉着的;平静的;风平浪静的(2) v. (使)平静(下来);(使)镇静【拓展】calm (.) down (使···)平静下来 keep/remain calm 保持镇静2. generous adj. 慷慨的,大方的,宽厚的;反 mean adj. 吝啬的,小气的【拓展】 be generous to sb. 对某人宽容 be generous with sth. (用钱等)大方 be generous in doing sth. 乐于做某事 be generous of sb.

2、 to do sth. 某人做某事是慷慨大方的 3. violent adj. 暴力的;强烈的,猛烈的;暴躁的【拓展】violently adv. 暴力地;强烈地 violence n. 暴力,暴力行为4. character n. 品质;性格;人物,角色;字体【拓展】 in character 符合某人的性格;(与···)风格相同(with sth.) out of character 不符合某人的性格 build (up) ones character 磨炼意志 a major/leading character 主角 Chinese characters 汉

3、字5. atmosphere n. 大气,空气;气氛【拓展】acdemic atmosphere 学业风气,学习氛围 working atmosphere 工作坏境 clear the atmosphere 清除(误会、猜疑或紧张)气氛6. let out 发出(叫声等),放出;释放;泄露【拓展】let in 让···进来;允许···进入 let alnoe 更不用说 let down 把···放下来;使···失望7. millons of 数百万【误区警示】hundered

4、, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等词用来指具体明确的数目时,不用复数形式;假如这些词用来指非具体的数目,即只表示一个大致的概念时,要用复数形式,在这种情况 下,要在hundreds, thousands等之后加上介词of。e.g. six hundred people 六百人 hundreds of people 数以百计的人of不能用在明确的数词之后,但在the, them, these, those等之前或所有格之前则例外。e.g. six of the blue ones 蓝色中的6个 ten of these 这些中的10个当这些词与

5、a few, several, many等数目不具体的词连用时,常不带复数词尾-s均可,但是注意:若不带复数词尾-s,其后常不用介词of;若带复数词尾-s,则其后介词of不能省略。e.g. There I saw several hundred foreign guests. =There I saw several hundreds of foreign guests.8. make up (1) 虚构,编造,捏造e.g. He madeup some excuse about hie daughter being sick. 他编了一个借口,说他的女儿生病了。(2) 和解,言归于好e.g.

6、 Have you made up with Patty yet? 你跟Patty和好了吗?(3) 补足,凑足e.g. The company will be forced to pay 6 million dollars to make up the difference. 公司将被迫出600万美元来补足差额。(4) 化妆,打扮e.g. They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play. 在这出戏的最后一幕,他们把他打扮成一个老人。(5) 组成,构成e.g. We need two more students to mak

7、e up a team. 我们还需要两个学生才能组成一个队。【误区警示】make up作“组成,构成”讲时,是主动形式,被动形式为be made up of。【拓展】 make up for 补偿 make it 及时到达;取得成功 make out 辨认出;理解,明白 make good/full use of 好好/充分利用 make room for 为···腾地方9.found vt. 建立,创立【误区警示】(1) found作为“创办;建立”讲时,相当于set up。(2) 注意found和find的过去式、过去分词的不同: found(建立) foun

8、ded founded find(发现) found found10.personally adv. 就自己而言;亲自地(相当于in my opinion,用于发表自己的看法)【拓展】personally speaking 就个人来说;就自己而言 personal adj. 个人的,私人的 personality n. 性格;个性;人格 11. equal adj. 平等的,胜任的 n. 相同的人,对手 vt. 等于,比得上【拓展】 be equal to sb. 等于···,胜任··· be equal in sth. 在某方面平等

9、 without equal 无人可比,无与伦比 A equal B in. A在···方面比得上Bequally adv. 平等地;相等地equality n. 平等,相等(反义词)unequal adj. 不相等的,不平等的12. struggle n./vi. 斗争,拼搏【拓展】struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事 struggle against 与···作斗争 struggle for 为(争取)···而斗争/奋斗 struggle with/against 与·

10、83;·作斗争;和···搏斗 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle 生死搏斗13. march (1) n. 行军,行进;游行抗议(2) v. 行进;游行抗议【拓展】the march of time 时光流逝 quick/slow march 快/慢步走 steal a march on sb. 抢先某人一步 on the march 在行军中;在发展中14.in ones opinion 依照某人的看法【拓展】give/express ones opinion on/upon 对

11、···发表意见 have a high/good opinion of = think/speak well/highly of 对···评价高/好 have a low/bad opinion of 对···评价低/差【学法点拨】in ones opinion = in ones view = in the opinion of sb. in my opinion = personally15. fight against. 为反对···而斗争,与··&

12、#183;打架【拓展】fight out 以斗争解决 fight for. 为···而战 fight with. 与···并肩作战;同···作斗争 fight over/about. 为···而争辩16. go to prison 进监狱,入狱【拓展】be in prison 在狱中,服刑 be out of prison 出狱 be held/kept in prison 被监禁 put sb. in/into prison send/take sb.to prison 把

13、某人送进监狱 cast/throw sb. into prison17.skillful adj. 灵巧的;熟练的【拓展】be skilled at doing sth. 擅长做某事 skill n. 技术,技巧,技能 skilled adj. 有技能的,熟练的 be skilled in 熟练/擅长···18.awful adj. 糟糕的,恶劣的,难受的,可怕的e.g. It would be awful if he found out the truth. 如果他发现了真相,那就糟糕了。19.useless adj. 差劲的,无用的【拓展】be useless

14、 at (doing) sth. 在(做)···方面很差劲 It is useless to do sth. It is useless doing sth. 做某事没有用 (It is no use doing sth.) used adj. 习惯的,使用过的 uesful adj. 有用的,有益的 uselessness n. 无用,无效(反义词)20.unusual adj. 不平常的,与众不同的,不寻常的【拓展】usual adj. 平常的 usually adv. 通常,平常 as usual 像往常一样pete vi. 比赛,竞争【拓展】 compet

15、e with/against 与···竞争 compete for 为争取···而竞争 compete in 参加···比赛,在···方面竞争 compete to do sth. 竞争做某事 competitor n. 参赛者,竞赛者,选手 competition n. 竞争,比赛 competitive adj. 竞争的,有竞争力的22.keen adj. 强烈的,渴望的,热心的,着迷的【拓展】be keen on (doing) sth. 对(做)··

16、;·着迷,热衷于(做)··· be keen to do sth. (=be eager to do sth.) 渴望做某事 be keen that. 渴望···23.amazing adj. 令人大为吃惊的,令人惊喜的【拓展】amaze v. 使惊讶 amazement n. 惊奇 amazed adj. 吃惊的 in amazement 惊奇地 be amazed at 对···大为吃惊24.fortunately adv. 幸运地【拓展】unfortunately adv. 不幸地 fo

17、rtunate adj. 幸运的 fortune n. 运气,机会,财产,命运 make a fortune 发财 be/feel fortune to do sth. 很幸运做了某事25.look back 回顾,追忆··· look back on sth. 回首(往事);回忆,回顾···e.g. Once he makes a plan, hell never look back. 他一旦制定了计划,就义无反顾。 I look back on these days as the happiest time of my life.

18、 我回顾那些日子,把它看作我生命中最快活的时光。【拓展】look at 看 look after 照顾 look into 向里看;调查 look down upon 轻视 look like 看起来像 look through 浏览 look around 四处看 look out 小心 look up 查找,查阅,抬头看,向上看 look up to 仰慕,尊敬26.be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 be strict in/about. 在···方面要求严格e.g. She is very strict with her son in h

19、is study. 她对她儿子的学习要求很严格。 Shes very strict about things like homework. 她对家庭作业之类的事要求非常严格。27.express a(n). Interest in 对···表现出···的兴趣【归纳总结】develop an interest in. 对···产生兴趣 feel/have/show/take (an) interest in. 对···感到/表现出/产生兴趣 be/become interest

20、ed in 对···产生兴趣 lose interest in 对···不再感兴趣,失去对···的兴趣 keep/hold ones interest 吸引住某人的兴趣e to an end 完结,结束e.g. At last it seemed the war might be coming to an end. 最终战争似乎走到了终点。【注意】come to an end为不及物动词短语,没有被动语态,后面不能接宾语。【拓展】put an end to. 结束··· br

21、ing sth. To an end 使某事结束 end up woth 以···结束 end up as 最终成为··· end up 结束··· end in 以···告终,结果是29.promote vt. 晋升,促进,推动,推销【拓展】promote sb. To. 提升某人为··· be promoted to. 被提升为··· promotion n. 晋升,宣传,促进 promoter n. 倡导者,赞

22、助者mit vt. 犯(罪或错),自杀,投入,承诺e.g. Some people committed suicide under the great pressure. 在沉重的压力下,一些人自杀了。【拓展】commit murder 犯杀人罪 commit a crime 犯罪 commit suicide 自杀 commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 某人承诺/保证(做)某事 commitment n. 承诺,许诺,花费,奉献 make a commitment 作出承诺31.react v. 反应,作出反应,起化学反应【拓展】react to sth.(b

23、y doing sth.) (通过做···)对···作出反应 react against 反对···,反抗··· react on/upon 对···有影响 react with sth. 与···发生反应 reaction n. 反应,回应,化学反应 in reaction to 对···作出反应32.involve v. 包含,需要,涉及,参与,专心于【拓展】involve doin

24、g sth. 包含/需要做某事 involve sb. In (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事,把某人牵扯到某事当中 get/be involved in 被卷入···之中,与···有关,热衷于,专心于 be involved with. 与···关系密切33.quality n. 质量,特性,品质【拓展】in quality 在质量上 (be) of high quality 质量好34.confident adj. 自信的,确信的【拓展】be confident of sth./doin

25、g sth. 确信某事;有信心/有把握做某事 make sb. confident of 使某人对···有信心 be confident that. 确信··· self-confident adj. 自信的 confidently adv. 有自信地,确信地 confidence n. 信心,肯定 have/lose confidence in 对···有/失去信心35.on ones own 独立地,单独地,独自地【拓展】of ones own (某人)自己的e.g. He has a house o

26、f his own and he lives in it on ones own. 他有一栋自己的房子,并且他独自住在里面。 36.give up 放弃(念头、希望等),停止,认输【拓展】give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 give up. to. 把···让给··· give in 屈服 give away 泄露,赠送,分发 give out 发出,分发,用完 give off 放出,发出e to do something 开始(认识、理解或相信等);(经过一个过程)逐渐···e.g. S

27、he had come to see the problem in a new light. 她开始从一个新的角度来看待这个问题。【拓展】when it comes to. 当涉及··· come to a conclusion 得出结论 come to a decision 作出决定 come to an agreement 达成协议 come to an end 结束38.pull through 康复,痊愈,渡过难关e.g. She was so ill that it seemed unilkely that she would pull through.

28、 她病得很厉害,看起来不大可能康复了。【拓展】see through 看穿,识破 look through 仔细查看,浏览 go through 通过,达成,经历,查看 get through 通过,接通,使某人理解,完成39.get on (= get along) 相处,进展,进步具体用法: 后接with sb.,表示“和某人相处得好” 后接 with sth.,表示“进展,进步” 其后不接宾语时,表示“相处,进展”【归纳总结】get away 休假,离开,摆脱 get away with 携带某物潜逃 get down to 开始做,开始认真对待 get across 被理解,被传达 g

29、et out of 摆脱,戒除 get off 离开,停止讨论 get over 从···中恢复常态,克服 get around 四处走动,传播 get hold of 抓住40.far too 太,极为Far的意思相当于too,far表示程度,意为“很大程度上,非常,远远”,too后面接形容词或副词的原级。其同义短语为much too。e.g. Please close the door. Its far too cold outside. 请关上门。外面太冷了。难句剖析1. Chinas first manned spaceship lifted off at

30、 9 a.m. On Wednesday, October 15th, 2019 in Jiuquan, Gansu Provience. 2019年10月15日,星期三上午九时,中国第一艘载人宇宙飞船在甘肃酒泉升空。【解析】Chinas first manned spaceship是多个词(Chinas, first, manned)修饰同一个名词(spaceship)。多个词修饰同一个名词有一定的顺序,具体内容见以下表格:顺序分类例词一般修饰性限定词all, both, such, many.the, a, an, yours, this.his, her, its.数词first, on

31、e, next, last.性质、状态nice, kind, bad, good.大小长短高低形状年龄新旧颜色big, small, long, short.high, low, new, red.产地、国籍french, Chinese.质地、材料cotton, iron, silk, stone.用途、类别writting, walking.2. As Yang Liwei returned into the earths atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land, ready to collect him. 当杨

32、利伟返回大气层时,直升机正飞往他将着陆的地方准备接他。(1) 本句为主从复合句:as引导时间状语从句;主句中,where引导宾语从句,where he would land作介词to的宾语,形容词短语ready to collect him作状语。(2) 形容词短语作状语说明: 结构:可以是单个形容词,也可以是形容词短语,一般要用逗号将其和句子的其他部分分开 位置:通常谓语句子的主语之前或之后,有时谓语句末 作用:通常用于说明主语的情况,即表示主语的状态、性质、特征等3. Jennifer was in the kitchen, with her hands in a bowl of flou

33、r, when she was saw a small boy climb into a truck. 詹妮弗正在厨房和面,这时她看到一个小男孩爬上了一辆卡车。【解析】with her hands in a bowl of flour是“with + 宾语 + 宾补”结构,即with复合结构。此结构在句中可作定语,也可作状语,表示伴随、方式、条件、原因等,其常见形式如下: 形容词/副词with + 宾语 + 宾补 介词短语 动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词4. He reitred in 2019 and now travels qround the world, meeting leaders

34、 and talking about problems like AIDS. 他于2019年退休,现在在世界各地旅行,和不同的领导人会谈,商讨像艾滋病一类的问题。【解析】. meeting leaders and talking about problems like AIDS是现在分词短语作伴随状语。【拓展】现在分词短语除了做伴随状语外,还可以作时间、原因、结果、条件、让步等状语。5. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where ther will not be judged

35、by the colour of their skin, but by the content of their character. 我梦想有一天,我的四个小孩子将在一个不是以肤色,而是以品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。【解析】(1) judge v. 判断,断定;估计,评价【拓展】judging by/from 根据···的判断(2) content n. 内容 adj. 满足的,满意的,知足的【搭配】be content to do sth. 对(做)···满意 be content with sth. 对(做)·&#

36、183;·满意6.Since then she has won Wimbeldon and the US Open twice. 从那时到现在,她已经两次赢得温布尔登网球公开赛和美国网球公开赛的冠军。【解析】since自从···以来,连词,引导时间状语从句。常用于“现在完成时/现在完成进行时 + since + 一般过去时/表过去的时间点”结构中。e.g. I have been here since five mouths ago. 五个月以来我一直在这儿。 Mary hasnt phoned since she went to Beijing. 玛丽自从去了北京还没有打过电话。7.Brandi, the sisters mother, taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their teenis careers. 两姐妹的妈妈布兰迪则在家教她们文化知识,这样一来她们在继续网球生涯的同时也完成了高中学业。【解析】句中含有状语从句的省略。表示时间、条件、让步、地点等的状语

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