必修55 First aid 2016年高考英语一轮复习资料原卷版

1、 【考情解读】 应该掌握的重点单词 1aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助 2temporary adj.暂时的；临时的 3injury n损伤；伤害injure v受伤 4bleed vi. & vt.流血bled(过去式)bled(过去分词) 5choke vi. & vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息 6poison n毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的 7variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)various adj.各种各样的vary v变化 8mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地 9s

2、well vi. & vt.(使)膨胀；隆起swollen adj.肿胀的 10squeeze vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨 11symptom n症状；征兆 12pour vt. & vi.倒；灌；注；涌 13tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地 14firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地 15treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待treatment n治疗；疗法；对待；待遇 16apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效applican

3、t n申请人application n申 请(书) 17pressure n压力；挤压；压迫(感) 应该掌握的重点短语 1first aid 急救 2fall ill 生病 3prevent.from. 阻止 4get burned 烧伤 5electric shock 触电；电休克 6squeeze out 榨出；挤出 7 反复；多次 over and over again 8in place 在适当的位置；适当 9a number of 若干；许多 10put one's hands on 找到 11make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 应该掌握的重

4、点句型 1.If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. 若烫伤是在胳膊或腿上，如果可能的话，把它们抬得高于心脏。 2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。 3It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. 正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女

5、士的命。 4There is no doubt_that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了 【重点词汇突破】 1 injury n.伤口；伤害；损害 injure v.伤害；损害 injured adj.受伤的 At least the injury gave me time to be with my friends and family. 至少伤病让我有时间

6、与我的朋友和家人呆在一起了。 【词义辨析】 injure，hurt，harm，wound (1)injure意为“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。 (2)hurt意为“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，尤指让身体某一部位受伤；也可以指精神上的伤害，常有强烈的疼痛感。 (3)harm意为“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。 (4)wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。 【图解助记】 【夯实基础】 的适当形式填空wound，harm，hurt，injure用(1)It hurt me

7、 to think that he would lie to me. Two women have been badly injured in the accident. Luckily no one got wounded in the battle. He hurt his back when playing squash(壁球) Don't harm your eyes by reading in poor light. (2)用injure的适当形式填空 Only 38 of the injured remained in hospital. The two other pas

8、sengers escaped serious injuries. A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people. 必需n.；最重要的必不可少的；本质的；基本的2 essential adj. 品；要点，要素；实质 来说是重要的对be essential to/for通常省should，do”是必要的It's essential to do/that.“should从句的谓语用 略）vital important 【多词一义】 essential，It was absolutely ess

9、ential to set a realistic goal. 把目标制定得现实可行是完全有必要的。The flat contained the basic essentials for daily life. 那套公寓配有日常生活的基本必需品。 【夯实基础】 (1)It is essential that you (should) win(你赢得) the voters' hearts.) the growth of crops. 必不可少(2)Sun and water are essential to/for(对to (3)According to essential(is 得到

10、足够的睡眠是必不可少的) getting researchthe latest ，enough sleep maintaining good health and reducing stress. ；看作方式对待以v.招待；3 treat n.款待；以态度对待；把； 治疗；招待；款待；请客 在交际用语中的考查【应试指导】 把某人看作treat sb.as. 招待某人吃treat sb.to sth.treat sb.with respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人 My treat.我请客。 Artie treated most women with impatience. 阿蒂对

11、大多数女人都没有耐心。 The boy was treated for a minor head wound. 那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。 【夯实基础】 (1)语法填空 Police say they're treating it as a case of attempted murder. She always treats him to ice cream. We've got to treat people with respect and dignity. (2)If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to b

12、e saved. If treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved. (改为省略句) Treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(用过去分词作状语改写句子) 4 apply vt. & vi.涂；应用；对适用；申请 ；努力学习；涉及， 【应试指导】 申请类写作高频词汇 向某人申请某物 apply to适合 apply sth.to sth.把某物应用涂抹于 b致力于/集中精力于 application n.申请书；用途 applicant n.申请人 Apply some

13、medicine to his wound. 给他的伤口上点药吧。 Tom would do very well if only he applied himself. 要是专心致志，汤姆会做得很好的。 【夯实基础】 的适当形式填空apply用(1)The new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain output. His application for membership of the organization was rejected. If the applicant is not a t

14、rue candidate for the job，do not interview him. (2)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it. Applying yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子) Applied to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子) 重要作用5 make a difference 区别对待；有影

15、响；起 没有/几乎没有影响make no/little difference to对 对有很大影响make much difference to 和的不同tell the difference between.and.说出 /有巨大作用没有/几乎没有/有很大be of no/little/much/great difference ，it wouldn't have made any difference.Even if you had tried to help it 即使你曾试图帮忙，结果也不会有什么不同。What you said just now made no differe

16、nce to him. 你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。 【夯实基础】(1) It makes no difference to me whether he es here or not. 他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。(2)Can you tell the difference between the two words? 你能区别这两个单词吗？ 6 get done被 get【应试指导】 后跟非谓语动词的考查 get married结婚get paid得到报酬 get burned烧伤get injured/hurt受伤 分离感染 get separatedget infected get

17、 broken坏掉 get damaged毁掉 get dressed修理 穿上衣服get repaired 换衣服get changed get drunk喝醉She got burned when she was cooking yesterday. 她昨天做饭时被烫伤了。 He went out and got drunk.他出去喝醉了。 【特别提醒】 结构既可以表示被动语态，也可表示系表结构。get done 【夯实基础】 完成句子v.-ed用get you'd better stay where you are and wait for help.迷路) in the wil

18、d，(1)If you happen to get lost() by the teacher. 受到处罚(2)They got punished() with it in a few days.Then what? 变得厌倦，but suppose you get bored(3)You can have a pet dogwe promise! ，We won't 【句法语法突破】除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则1Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 都要把它脱掉。如果需要

19、的话，可以使用剪刀。句型公式：.unless. 除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if.not引导 的否定状语从句互换。 引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。 在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。 Unless you are trying to lose weight to please yourself，it's going to be hard to keep your motivation level high.除非减肥是为了悦己，否则很难保持积极性。 We cannot understand di

20、sease unless we understand the person who has the disease. 若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。 来源:.【夯实基础】 (1)I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop. I want you to keep working if I don't tell you to stop.(用if从句改写句子) (2)要是不能额外弄一些钱，剧院将要关闭。(翻译句子) Unless some extra money is found，the theatre will close.

21、(3)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work(除非你全身心地投入到你的工作 )中 2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。句型公式：be doing.when. be doing.when.正在做这时 be about to do.when.正要做此时 had just done.when.刚做了这时 be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时 The thie

22、f was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped. 小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。 【夯实基础】 语法填空 (1)We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started. (2)She had just finished(finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the

23、 piano yesterday. 3单元语法用省略形式完成下列句子 (1)Jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature. Jack loves nature more than his wife does. (2)Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Max's mother too. Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too. (3)If it's convenient，you can e here at any time. If conven

24、ient，you can e here at any time. (4)Though he was tired，he still gave the students a lecture. Though tired，he still gave the students a lecture. (5)When I was walking in the street，I came across an old friend of mine. When walking in the street，I came across an old friend of mine. 【对点训练】 .阅读理解 Savin

25、g the planet one plateful at a time does not mean cutting back on meat, according to new research: the trick may be to switch our diet to insects. The raising of livestock such as cows, pigs and sheep occupies two-thirds of the world's farmland and produces 20% of all the greenhouse gases drivin

26、g global warming. As a result, the United Nations wants to reduce the amount of meat we eat and the search is on for alternatives. Professor Arnold van Huis says eating insects has advantages. “There is a meat crisis，” he said. “The world population will grow from six billion now to nine billion by

27、2050 and we know people are consuming more meat. Twenty years ago the average was 20kg, it is now 50kg, and will be 80kg in 20 years. If we continue like this we will need another Earth.” “Most of the world already eats insects，” he points out. “It is only in the western world that we don't. Psy

28、chologically we have a problem with it. I don't know why, as we eat shrimps, which are very parable.” The advantages of this diet include insects' high levels of protein, vitamin and mineral content. Being cold-blooded, insects change plant matter into protein extremely efficiently. In addit

29、ion, the health risks are lower. He acknowledges that in_the_west_eating_insects_is_a_hard_sell，“It is very important how you prepare them, you have to do it very nicely, to overe the yuk factor.” Durst helped set up an insect farming project FAO project in Laos. This involves transferring the skill

30、s of the 15,000 household locust farmers in Thailand across the border. “There were some supporters of a bigger dairy industry in Laos to improve a calcium deficiency, ”says Durst.“But this is crazy when most Asians are lactose (乳糖) intolerant.” Locusts and crickets are calcium-rich and 90% of peopl

31、e in Laos have eaten insects at some point. Durst says the project will be to increase the eating of insects where this is already accepted but has been in decline due to western cultural influence. 1According to Van Huis, westerners don't eat insects because _. Athere are fewer nutriments in in

32、sects Bthey can't overe a mental barrier Cinsects aren't as delicious as shrimps Dinsects don't have much meat themselves 2The underlined part in the passage may mean _. Ainsects that can be eaten don't sell well in eastern countries Bthere are few eating insects in the markets of we

33、stern countries Cit is difficult for westerners to accept the idea of eating insects Dselling eating insects in the west is hard to make a lot of money 3It can be inferred from what Durst said that _. ALaos is where locusts and cricket are eaten most Bpeople in Laos are good at cooking eating insect

34、s Ceating insects in Laos is much more popular at present Dmilk isn't suitable for most Asian people to increase calcium 4What might be the most suitable title for the passage? AInsects Are the Future of Protein Insects Are Rich in Calcium BCInsects Are the Target of Eating DInsects Are the Alte

35、rnative for Food .阅读填句 A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not unmon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can you help your teen stay calm before an exam? Be involved. You need to be involved in your teen's work. _1_ What your teen looks for is your p

36、resenceto talk, to cry, or simply to sit with her quietly. municate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears, but don't let her focus on those fears. :Z#xx#k.来源Help her get organized. _2_ Together, you and your teen can work out a timetable in which she can stu

37、dy for what she know will be on the test. a study and protect her privacy. Give her teen Provide a quiet setting. Help your set up a quiet place to nutritious diet. It is important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam time to do her best. _3_ If this happens, encourage your teen

38、 to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress. from a when she needs real break get _4_ Persuade your teen to some sleep and/or do something active studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise is important in reducing stress. Help yo

39、ur teen balance her time so that she will feel fortable when taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or on rest. Show a positive attitude. _5_ Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen's pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most importan

40、tly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are. Parents' attitude will dictate their teen's emotions. AExam stress can make some teens lose their appetite. BThey will only make the situation worse. CEncourage your teen to relax. DThe best thing is simpl

41、y to be there. EHelp your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly. FYour teen may also make negative ments about herself. G .语法填空) high school. But _1_ Some kids may assume that college is very much like their regimented (严格控制的 (choose) ) more college: at There are much latitude

42、(回旋余地，自由in _2_ freedom are (actual) there lots courses to take, _3_ students can focus primarily on subjects that interest them. Their schedule will vary widely, too. Some days they may have no courses until noon. Most courses may only meet three times a week. These are interesting details that not

43、every youngster is aware _4_. nity, _6_ almost everyone is In _5_ (add), students will meet many, many new friends. They'll be in a mu _7_ (rough) the same age. College typically feature scores of clubs, sports, and other activities and thus students hey'll be among new friends, _8_ (take) a

44、ren't likely to be bored. Instead of being out in the working world, t many courses that interest them and enjoying a rich _9_ (society) life. Another pelling point is financial. According to the estimated figures, those who have received a college education will make to one's earning power.

45、 Obviously a good job today requires _10_ least a college education. .短文改错 Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day, he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. “He has ruined his healthy

46、. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken togeth

47、er. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him. .书面表达 某英文站发起了论家庭饲养宠物的论坛，请你根据以下要点并结合你的感知，写一篇短文，参与该论坛的讨论。 1饲养宠物的流行情况； 2饲养宠物的好处与坏处； 3你家饲养的宠物的情况； 4饲养宠物最值得注意的地方。 注意： 1词数：100左右； 2题目已给出； 3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 4文中不能出现考生真实姓名和学校名称。 Keeping Pets _ 【押题专练】 .用所给词的适当形式填空 1.In the garden we can find a

48、_(various) of plants. 2.He said_(mild) to me that he didn't mean to upset me. 3.For four years he shouldered an almost_(bear) burden，which worsened his health considerably. 4.He suffered horrific_(injure) in the attack. 5.Sarah，hurry up.I'm afraid you won't have time to get_(change) befo

49、re the party. 6.The nurse applied_(press) to his arm to stop the bleeding. 7.I wasn't_(bravery) enough to tell her what I thought of her. 8.Keep your eyes_(firm) fixed on the road ahead. 9.The young man_(present) with the prize for his bravery. 10.It's vital that a successful movie_(pay) muc

50、h attention to its theme and the figures' characters. .完成句子 1.I'm afraid that it will rain tomorrow._(假如下雨的话)，we won't be able to hold our football match. 2.The knowledge of first aid is_(非常有帮助)in an emergency. 3.The little boy won't go to sleep_(除非妈妈给他讲故事) 4.She_(正在练习冲浪，这时突然)a shark

51、 struck her，biting off her left arm. 5._(毫无疑问)it is his achievements that have won him the Nobel Prize. 6._(尽全力做工作)，he finished it ahead of time. 7._(许多游客)attracted to visit the carnival here every year. 8._(把东西放回原处)will bring much convenience to your life. .阅读理解 (2014·福建卷) BLOOD DRIVE & MA

52、RROW (骨髓) REGISTRATION “These patients deserve a chance at a normal，happy future and they rely on the kindness of strangers to make that happen.” Isabelle's Mother Daisy，was Isabelle Mirzaei.In January 2008 Daisy Isabelle is the daughter of and Saman beta thalassemia.Isabelle's body is unabl

53、e ，诊断) with a genetic blood disorderdiagnosed ( Isabelle has been to produce healthy red blood cells.As a result，6 weeks since she was 11 months old.A 输血) every 4-receiving blood transfusions (healthy life is to lifetime of regular transfusions can lead to serious medical problems.Her only chance at

54、 a normal，so doctors have started a search for an unrelated marrow donor ，have a marrow transplant.Isabelle is an only childby like Isabelle patients consider that family Registry.The The the through Be Match Mirzaei asks you helping the gift of blood. registering to be a marrow donor and give the g

55、ift of life，Held at Wiley Hall March_26,2014 ，Wednesday Behind Heathman Dormitory/Butterfield Rd. ：00_PM：00_PM612 Don't forget to bring your driver's license or another form of identification when you donate. Sponsor to make an appointment，Visit .Code 3390. FREE Kingston Pizza！ Marro

56、w Donors： BETHE MATCH 学。科。来源 orgbe 18 to 44 years old .bethematch·in good health ·) of your cheek cells for marrow typing ·give a swab (化验标本) by Michael's Fund 赞助FREEsponsored(·8385 283- 800- . New Southern Rhode products Blood The Rhode Island Center distributes blood to hospitals in Island and England. 语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文。当一个陌生的孩子患了血液病时，你愿意伸出援助之手吗？如果可能 的话，请帮一下这个孩子吧！1.We can