2020年山东高考英语复习：专题一名词、代词、冠词和数词

1、第一部分语法知识名词、代词、冠词和数词挖命题【考情探究】考点内容题型考点统计2018课标I2017课标I2016课标I2015课标I2014课标I1.名词的attraction“数”语篇型causeseffects(attract)paintingschanges(change)名词2.不可数名词3.抽象名词具填空(cause)(effect)days(day)(painting)体化短文chicken宀4.名词所有格改错chickenswordTwordshonestThonestyairsTairyearTyears5.名词构词法1.人称代词语篇型its(it)its(it)2.物主代词填

2、空3.指示代词代词4.不定代词短文another宀5.疑问代词改错other加myourThisyourTourmucbrmany6.反身代词7.it的用法1.定冠词语篇型athe (other)the (most冠词2.不定冠词填空outstanding)专题一3.零冠词短文加the加thetheTa加the加a改错数词1.基数词2.序数词短文改错eighteen宀eighteenth分析解读1.从表格内容的分布来看，对名词的考查在近五年高考语篇型填空和短文改错中都得到了充分的体现，而对代词和冠词的考查在短文改错中每年都有所涉及，而数词考查频率较低。另外,在语篇型填空中对冠词的考查不给岀提示

3、词。2.在今后的高考中，名词的“数”和构词法、代词和冠词的基本用法仍将是考查重点。3.在备考中结合具体语境，体会代词、冠词的常见用法，熟练掌握名词变复数的规则和常见的名词构词法是复习的关键。破考点【网络清单】个体名词等可数名词集体名词等普通名词分类 物质名词等不可数名词抽象名词等专有名词等单数名词变复数名词的常用规则有生命的人或物的所有格表示时间、自然现象、度量衡、金额、国家或城市的名词的所有格名词所有格名词所有格加-词尾的规则名词无生命的名词所有格双重所有格 表示其中之一或其中一部分 突岀局部作主语_作宾语_名词句法功能作表语_作定语_作补语_名词构词法 构成名词的常见后缀 详见本书“附录二

4、”与名词构成的动词短语和介词短语 详见本书“专题二”考点清单部分_ 亲自_自动地独自享用独立地请坐。玩得高兴。指示代词作主语、宾语、表语、定语相互代词疑问代词和 的区别用来询问职业用来询问身份的习惯用法不定代词替代词代词含复合不定代词的习惯用语的用法全部肯定 全部否定 部分否定连接代词详见名词性从句代词人称代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词物主代词名词性物主代词在句中作主语、表语在句中作宾语、表语在名词前作定语相当于“形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语形式用法宾语、表语、同位语反身代词含有反身代词的习惯用语作宾语关系代词详见定语从句冠词冠词的泛指、特指不定冠词的用法不定冠词的基本用法不定冠

5、词的习惯用法定冠词的用法定冠词的基本用法定冠词的习惯用法零冠词的用法零冠词的基本用法零冠词的习惯用法惊奇一件意外的事抽象、 物质名词的具体化成功一个件成功的人或事雨一场大雨具体名词的抽象化去一所学校去上学在桌旁在吃饭_他是一个活雷锋。纯专有名词的普通化 _一位叫史密斯的先生正在外面等你。前的冠词活用它是最有用的字典。表示三者或三者以上中最的它是一本非常有用的字典。你能再给我一次机会吗又一再一西洋乐器前加中国乐器前不加冠词【考点集训】考点一名词单句填空冠词的活用世界上独一无二的事物的名词前冠词的活用形容词比较级前的冠词活用月亮围着地球转。一轮新月悬挂在天空。两者中较 的序数词前的冠词活用这是他第

6、二次参观这个城市。表示次序乐器名词前的冠词西洋乐器被当作普通名词使用时可与不定冠词连用1.(2019届山东德州夏津一中高三第一次月考，66)As a nationalcultural heritage, it is now one ofChina s three(representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year, togetherwith Tianjin s Yangliuqing and Suzhou s Taohuawu.答案representatives2. (2017课标全国 山,66) She is dete

7、rmined to carry on with her(educate).答案education3. He was expected to make a very positive(contribute) to the 2020 Olympic Games.答案contribution4. When hearing(John)mother had passed away, I felt very sad.答案John s单句改错5. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one ho

8、ur every day.答案 第一个hourThours6. With the help of my friend, I have made rapid progresses in English.答案progressesTprogress考点二代词单句填空1. (2019届山东济宁一中高三上学期收心考试，66)Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in hisvillage, he studied by _ (he) through large quantities of videos and information on theInter

9、net.答案himself2. (2018山东济南高三一模,64)I found a restaurant that sold dishes from Xian when I exploredthe area around _ (I) office one day.答案my3. No matter where he is, he makes _ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.答案thea答案it4. A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear! It s （I）.”She pushed her way to the

10、 driver andtook the suitcase thankfully.答案me/mine单句改错5. （2017课标全国n） Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school.答案allboth或去掉all6. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, and he was strong and powerful.答案himselfhim考点三冠词单句填空1. While he was investigating ways to improv

11、e the telescope, Newton madediscovery whichcompletely changed man s understanding of color.答案a2. The sign reads“In case of fire, break the glass and pushred button.”答案the3. Now, years later, this river is one ofmost outstanding examples of environmentalcleanup.答案the单句改错4. （2019届山东济宁一中高三上学期收心考试）I was

12、 not chosen as member of the volleyball team ofour school. _答案 在as后加冠词a5. （2018课标全国n）As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I askedto watch them, my parents would not let me._6.As result, the plants are growing everywhere.答案electricity答案 在result前加a7n a fact, he even scar

13、ed my classmates away when they came over to play or do homework with me.答案去掉a8earn 10 dollars a hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.答案第一个a-an考点四数词单句改错（2017课标全国I）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.答案eighteeneighteenth过专题【五年高考】考点一名词1.（2018天津，6）The（poss

14、ible） that there is life on other planets in the universehas always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.答案possibility2. （2018江苏,32）Try to understand what s actually happening instead of acting on the（assume）you ve made.答案assumption3. （2017江苏,34）The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necess

15、arily caused by astronomical incidents.But alternative _ （explain） are hard to find.答案explanations4. （2016浙江,4 ）It is important to pay your（electric）bill on time, as late payments mayaffect your credit.5. （2016江苏,24）Can you tell us your recipe for（happy） and a long life?Living every day to the full,

16、 definitely.答案happiness6. （2016天津,2）The dictionary is out of:many words have been added to the language sinceit was published.答案date7. （2015江苏,35）Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.I d like to,but Im afraid she won t be happy with my（apologize）.答案apology/apologies8. （2015浙江,15）One of the most effecti

17、ve ways to reduce（stressful）is to talk aboutfeelings with someone you trust.答案stress9. （2015安徽,30）There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some（think）and thenlet me know.答案thought10. （2015湖北,21）When he was running after his brother,the boy lost hisand had a bad fall.答案balance11. （2014安徽,2

18、9） Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a newone?Thats a good（suggest）.答案suggestion考点二代词1._ （2017天津,11）was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across mynew neighbors.答案It2.（2016浙江,3）In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from

19、inthe UK.答案neither答案that3. （2015浙江，12）How would you likeif you were watching your favorite TV program and someonecame into the room and just shut it off without asking you?答案it4. （2015重庆,2）The meeting will be held in September,butknows the date for sure.答案nobody5. （2015陕西,13）To warm himself,the sail

20、or sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot againstthe.答案other6. （2015四川,10）Niki is always full of ideas,butis useful to my knowledge.答案none7. （2014大纲全国,25）Who s that at the door?is the milkman.答案It8. （2014山东,4）Susan madeclear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.答案it9. （2014重庆

21、,1）A smile costs,but gives much.答案nothing/little10. （2014福建,21）In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in,knives and forks.答案others11. （2014安徽,24）You can ask anyone for help. _here is willing to lend you a hand.答案Everyone/Everybody12. （2014陕西,21）I d appreciateif you could let me know in a

22、dvance whether or not you willcome.答案it13. （2014四川,1）She d lived in London and Manchester,but she likedand movedto Cambridge.答案neither14.（2014江西,32）When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?答案The;aII be in all day.答案Either考点三冠词1. （2016浙江，2）prize for the winner of the competition istwo-week holid

23、ay inParis.答案The; a2. （2015浙江,2）Jane s grandmother had wanted to write a children s book for many years,but onething or another always got inway.答案the3. （2015重庆，3）1 just heardbank where Dora works was robbed bygunman wearing amask.答案the;a4. （2015陕西,14）more learned a man is,more modest he usually bec

24、omes.答案The;the5. （2015四川丨,5）Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to beBeethoven.答案a6. （2014天津,8）Life is likeocean:Only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.答案an7. （2014重庆,6）I can t tell youway to the Wilsons because we don t haveWilsonhere in the village.答案the;a8. （2014浙江,2）The

25、 paper is due next month,and I am working seven days_ week,often long intonight.答案a;the9. （2014陕西,19）village where I was born has grown intotown.【三年模拟】A组20172019年模拟基础题组单句填空1. （2019届山东泰安英雄山中学高三上学期期中，66）Make sure your children have something to doanotepad and a pen for drawing or a simple game, which

26、can help reduce（bore）.答案boredom2. （2019届山东邹城高三上学期质检,61）It is an effort to focus attention onfact that despitethere being enough food globally, some 21,000 people die every day from hunger.答案the3. （2019届山东荣成六中高三第一次检测，61）Hello Kitty, one of the most famous imaginary（character） in the world, greets us

27、everywhere.答案characters4. （2019届山东济宁一中高三上学期收心考试,67）He soon mastered the skill and could make a（vary） of sugar paintings.答案variety5. （2018山师大附中高三五模,68）Instead, he was always searching for a（mean） for life.答案meaning6. （2018山东烟台高考诊断，61）But it really causes great destruction to the environment andthreat

28、ens the（life） of our wildlife.答案lives7. （2018山东济南高三一模,67）There are a _（various）of things you can put inside the“m6,as the bread is called.答案variety8. （2018山师大附中高三五模,67）But his main concern was never with making moneyor even with makingscientific _ （discover）.答案discoveries9. （2018山师大附中高三五模，61）Alfred Nobel was born in Sweden and then moved to Russia with hisparents in 1842, where his f