2013_2018高考英语试题分项版解析专题11特殊句式含解析

1、.专题11 特殊句式2019年高考题1.【2019·天津】14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. which B. thatC. when D. where【答案】B【解析】考察强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考察强调句，强调句型构造为：It is/ was + 被强调部分通常是主语、宾语或状语+ that/ who当强调主语且主语指人+ 其他部分。此题强调时间状语only when t

2、he car pulled up in front of our house。应选B。点睛：此题考察强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的才能。分析句子时首先要看清楚构造，It is / was开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/isthat后不影响整个句子的完好性，那么是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。3.【2019·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _ the button and a highly-trained agent

3、 will get you the help you need.A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed【答案】A点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见构造。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。2019年高考题【2019·江苏卷】22. _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It wa

4、s D. Was it【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考察虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提早，即Were /Should/ Had I.，应选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法抑制她自己的困难的。【名师点睛】在虚拟语气中，be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词.e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 假如我是汤姆，我会回绝。I will go, should it be necessary. 假假设

5、有必要，我会去的。Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 假设不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。假设条件从句为否认句，否认词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Werent, Shouldnt, Hadnt置于句首。考点：考察虚拟语气和倒装【2019·天津卷】11. It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.A. who B. where C.

6、which D. that【答案】D考点：考察强调句型。【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调构造，假如这句话还可以成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调构造是：when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的构造，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。2019年高考题1.【2019·江苏】34.Not until recently _the development of tourist-r

7、elated activities in the rural areas.A. they had encouragedB. had they encouragedC. did they encourageD. they encouraged【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考察部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有表达出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。【名师点睛】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。假如句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，那么

8、需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1.句首为否认或半否认的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。例如： Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你

9、不会找到这个问题的答案的。    Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后分开房间。  当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。2.  so, neither, nor作部分倒装     用这些词表示"也&

10、quot;、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：       Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。   If you won't go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。3. only在句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须部分倒装。 例如：Only

11、0;in this way, can you learn English well.   Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 其他部分倒装   1 so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如： So 

12、;frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。 2 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。 考点：考察部分倒装2.【2019·天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the

13、 coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that【答案】D考点：考察强调句。【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调构造，假如这句话还可以成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调构造是：The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的构造，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。2019年高考题1.【2019·湖南】31.Always _ in mind that your main ta

14、sk is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keep B. to have keptCkeep Dhave kept【答案】C 【解析】考察祈使句。这是一个完好的句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。应选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。【考点定位】考察祈使句。【名师点睛】【名师点睛】祈使句表恳求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等.祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第、三人称祈使句两大类.祈使句用于两个重要句型中；1“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句用来表达肯定的条件.2“祈使句+orelse+表结果的陈述句用来表达否认的

15、条件,orelse表示“否那么；句首以动词原形开头。从此题的成分来判断，可以看出是考察祈使句。2.【2019·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home. A. she realized B. has she realized C. she has realized D. did she realize【答案】D【考点定位】考察倒装【名师点睛】此题考察only放在句首的部分倒装。在句首的only假如后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语,那么主句用倒装构造。但假如

16、only后跟的是主语,就不用倒装构造了。此题考生还需要注意断定时态，答案就不难选出。3.【2019·湖南】23.Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A. I did discoverB. did I discoverC. I discoveredD. discovered【答案】B【考点定位】考察only置于句首的部分倒装。【名师点睛】此题旨在考察学生是否知道only置于句首主句的句子要进展部

17、分倒装以及部分倒装的定义。副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进展部分倒装。假如被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进展倒装，但假设位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+宾语等，那么通常无需倒装。after talking to two students是一个状语，故对主语进展倒装。要求学生纯熟掌握这个知识点。4.【2019·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to ha

18、ve helped someone in trouble.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. how【答案】B【解析】试题分析：B； 根据分析：此句是It was开头且去掉It was，when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完好意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；强调句常用句型：It is was +被强调部分+thatwho 。句意：正是在

19、我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。应选B【考点定位】考察强调句。【名师点睛】此题旨在考察强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的才能。强调是有效地进展思想交流的重要手段之一。人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能被对方恰当的理解，必须加强语气，突出重要的内容，增加比照效果与感情色彩，这时就会用到强调。分析句子时首先要看清楚构造，It was/is开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/isthat后不影响整个句子的完好性，那么是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。5.

20、【2019·重庆】9.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century_ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while B. though C. that D. after 【答案】C 【考点定位】考察强调句。【名师点睛】 not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。如： Not until 2019 did he return to his hometo

21、wn. 直到 2019 年他才回到家乡注意：当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为： It was not until 2019 that he returned to his hometown.2019年试题专题11特殊句式1.【2019·全国大纲卷】26. _the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A. Not do only B. Do not only C.Only not do D. Not only do【答案】D【解析】

22、试题分析：考察倒装句。句意：护士们不仅要求涨工资而且要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but also被省略，not only引导的句子置于句首时，需部分倒装。应选D。【名师点睛】not only., but also.连接并列分句且置于句首时前倒后不倒，但连接并列主语时不倒装。Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn't done a very good repair job either. 修车厂不仅对我超额收费，而且维修工作还很差。Not only will help be given to people to find

23、jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅帮助人们寻找工作。而且也将提供医疗给那些需要的人。考点：考察倒装句。2.【2019·天津卷】15. _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught【答案】D考点：考察倒装句和虚拟语气。【名师点睛】用在省略了if的虚拟条件

24、句中把were, had或should移至主语前，采用部分倒装。Were she here, she would help us.=If she were here, she would help us.3.【2019·天津卷】1. Give me a chance, _ Ill give you a wonderful surprise.A. if B. or C. and D. while【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：给我一个时机，我会给你一个大大的惊喜。固定用法：祈使句，and+一般将来时的句子，相当于If you +祈使句, 一般将来时的句子;假如前后相反，那么用or表示

25、否那么的话。本句可以说成：If you give me a chance, Ill give you a wonderful surprise. if假如；or 否那么的话；and 和；while, 然而，当的时候。 考点：考察特殊句式。【名师点睛】祈使句用于两个重要句型中1“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句用来表达肯定的条件.2“祈使句+orelse+表结果的陈述句用来表达否认的条件,orelse表示“否那么；要不然.试比较：Hurry up and youll catch the train.If you hurry up,youll catch the trainHurry up,or y

26、oull miss the trainIf you dont hurry up,youll miss the train4.【2019·四川卷】3. Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry?A. why           B. who               

27、0;  C. where         D. that【答案】D【名师点睛】强调句型的构成：it is / was +被强调部分+ that /who +其他，当被强调部分是人的时候that 、who均可使用，否那么只能用that。判断强调句型的方法是去掉it is / was that /who后句子仍然成立。比方：It was in London that they met each other for the first time .考点：考察特殊句式。 5.【2019·福建卷】28.

28、The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, , reaching 30C in summer.A. if not B. if ever C. if any D. if so【答案】B【解析】试题分析：这里意思是“夏天的温度很少到达30度。if not 要不；If ever很少；if any假如真有的话；if so假设这样的话。所以选B。句意：这里的气候非常好，夏天的温度很少到达30度。考点：考察短语词义辨析及语境理解。【名师点睛】当从句中主语是it，且谓语动词中又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词一起省略。此时构成连

29、词if，unless，when，whenever+形容词的构造。 Unless it is necessary, you'd better not. refer to the dictionary除非需要，你最好不要查字典。 另外，我们还可以用so或not替代上文内容，此时可构成if+ so/not的省略句式： Get up early tomorrow. If not you don't get up early,you will miss the first bus. 明天早点儿起床。否那么的话，你会错过第一班公交车的。 He may not be at home then

30、,if so he is not at home ,leave him a note 他那时可能不在家，假如是那样的话，给他留张字条。6.【2019·福建卷】29. It was the culture, rather than the language, _made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroadA. where B. why C. that D. what【答案】C【名师点睛】强调句的句型1. 陈述句的强调句型，It is/ was + 被强调部分通常是主语、宾语或状语+ that/ who当

31、强调主语且主语指人+ 其他部分。2. 一般疑问句的强调句型，同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分通常是疑问代词或疑问副词+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？4.not until  句型的强调句， 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。考点：考察强调句。7.【2019·陕西卷】17. No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous

32、 applause.A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考察倒装句型。no soonerthan构造中的 no sooner置于句首时，其后引出部分倒装。如：No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. 我们刚分开家就开场下雨了。No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。该句型中一般主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。考点

33、：考察倒装句型【名师点睛】hardly., when,., no sooner., than., never, not, no longer，little，not until，seldom，in no time，nowhere等否认副词、否认的介词短语和连词位于句首时。Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.直到老师来他才完成家庭作业。Never before have I seen such, a moving film.我以前从未看过一部如此感人的电影。【例】Not until I came home last night

34、 _ to bed. A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went 【答案】B 【解析】考察倒装语序的用法。not until 位于句首时要用半倒装的句型，把助动词did提到主语Mum的前面。所以答案为：B 【例】Little about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 【答案】A【解析】考察特殊句式。little是具有

35、否认意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装句，选A。8.【2019·陕西卷】23. We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【答案】C【名师点睛】would rather的用法1“would rather+动词原形是英语中常见的一个惯用句式美国英语中多用had rather。d rather为would或hadrather的缩写形式。

36、would had在此决无“过去之意，且无词性、时态的变化。该句式常用来表示选择的意愿，意为“宁可；宁愿；最好。例如：He'd rather work in the countryside. 他宁可到农村去工作。 If you'd rather be alone, we'll all leave here. 假如你宁愿单独呆着，那我们都分开这儿。2would rather与than连用，可构成另一个惯用句式，即：“would rather.than.意为“宁可愿而不要愿；与其不如。用以表达主语的意愿，强调经过选择后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。例如： I would

37、rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 3在使用“would rather.than.句型时，应注意以下几点：than 后边也应接动词原形，但如该句型前后连接的两个动词一样，那么than之后的那个动词可省去。例如： I'd rather know that now than afterwards. 我宁可如今就知道这件事，而不是以后。 would rather.than.也可改写成 “would.rather than.,其用法及含义仍不变。例如： Facing the enemies, our s

38、oldiers would die rather than surrender. 面对敌人，我们的战士宁死不屈。 . 有时为了表示语气上的强调，可将rather than置于句首。例如： Rather than refuse to help you, I would borrow money from my friends. 我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿回绝帮助你。 . would rather后也可跟从句，表示主语宁愿让某人干某事。这时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示如今或将来要做的事；用过去完成时表示已经做过的事或过去要做的事。例如： I'd rather she set

39、 out to do the work now. 我宁愿她如今就着手做这项工作。 I'd rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning. 我但愿你明天早上能在机场见到她。 I'd rather you hadn't told him the news that day. 我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。 would rather后还可接动词的完成式，表示主语要做某事，而结果却事与愿违。例如： I'd rather have left a note on her desk. 我本想留张字条在她书桌上的。事

40、实上没有留 考点：考察固定特殊句式。9.【2019·湖南卷】29.Only when you can find peace in your heart _good relationships with others.A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you keptD. did you keep【答案】A考点：考察倒装构造用法【名师点睛】only+副词介词短语状语从句位于句首时。但only+主语位于句首不倒装。Only in this way can you master English.只有用这种方式你才能掌握英语。 Only when he

41、 returned did we find out the truth.只有当他返回时，我们才能发现真相。 10.【2019·湖南卷】33.Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to domakes life happy.A.that B. whichC. what D. who【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考察强调句构造用法。强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分通常是主语、宾语或状语+ that/ who当强调主语且主语指人+ 其他部分。此题强调主语not doing the thin

42、gs we like, but liking the things we have to do。句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。故A正确。考点：考察强调句构造用法【名师点睛】1. 在强调主语时，that后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致。  It is I who am a teacher.2. 在强调not until 构造中由 until 短语或从句表示的时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型It iswas not

43、 until .that.。It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.3. 特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调，其强调构造是“被强调部分通常是疑问代词或疑问副词+ is/was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？Where was it that

44、 you were born?2019年试题专题11特殊句式1.2019·重庆卷 It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.Awho Bthat Cwhen Dhow【答案与解析】B【解析】考察强调句。由于被强调的是with the help of the local guide，而并非guide, 所以用that来连接。【名师点睛】强调句型在高考中每年必出，关键是要会判断，平时练习时要有这个意识。根本构造是：it is /was+被强调部分+th

45、at/who+判断方法是去掉it is /was  that/who，假如句子不缺成分，即为强调句型。2. 2019·课标全国卷 It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.Awhen B. that C. which D. what【答案】B【名师点睛】强调句型在高考中每年必出，关键是要会判断，首先掌握根本构造：it is /was+被强调部分+that/who+判断方法是去掉it

46、is /was  that/who，假如句子不缺成分，即为强调句型。还有强调句的特殊问句和一般问句都要熟记。3. 2019·课标全国卷 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treated Dtreated can be the patients【答案】B【解析】考察倒装句。句意：只

47、有在进步这家医院医生的数量50%之后，病人们才能在医院里得到良好的治疗。 only加上强调的介词短语、状语或状语从句置于句首，句子需用部分倒装。【名师点睛】Only放在句首，强调状语的时候，后面主句使用倒装句的语序。但注意假如only后面接的是主语或宾语，就不用倒装句。注意：only 修饰状语从句放在句首时，状语从句不需要倒装，只能倒装主句部分。4.2019·天津卷 It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.A. that B. where Cwhy Dwhen【答案】A【名师点睛

48、】强调句型在高考中每年必出，关键是要会判断是否是强调句，根本构造是：it is /was+被强调部分+that/who+判断方法是去掉it is /was  that/who，假如句子不缺成分，即为强调句型。It was not until.that.，直到才，这是特殊的强调句，记住构造和含义。5. 2019·四川卷 Read this story, _ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.A. or B. and C. but D. so【答案】B【解析】考察连词在特殊句型中的使用。此

49、处考察句型：祈使句and将来时态的简单句。句意：读了这个故事，你会发现，不是每样东西都可以用金钱来买。【名师点睛】这题使用固定句型：祈使句+and/or+简单句。固定句型考的是平时学生的词汇和短语的积累量，对常见的固定句型要了然于心，理解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，对于这类题，可从句意和句子构造着手。6.2019·江西卷 Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again.A. I will speak B. will I speak C. do I speak D. I speak【答案】B【解析】考察倒装。句意：只

50、有他为他的粗鲁行为抱歉时，我才会再跟他讲话。only时间状语从句放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。when引导的从句用一般如今时表将来，主句应该用将来时。【名师点睛】这题考察部分倒装的句式。Only+介词短语/副词/ 状语从句放在句首时，状语从句不需要倒装，只能倒装主句部分。用部分倒装，将be动词，助动词，情态动词放在主语前面。但是假如only不是接的状语就不能倒装。7.2019·辽宁卷 At no time _ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.Athey actually broke Bdo they actually

51、 breakCdid they actually break Dthey had actually broken【答案】C【解析】考察倒装。否认介词短语位于句首，用部分倒装。根据后面“it was unfair to punish them中谓语是过去时，所以选C而不选B。【名师点睛】含有否认意义的词never，seldom，little. hardly，not，scarcely，nowhere，by no means决不等置于句首时，用部分倒装。即只把谓语的一部分如助动词、情态动词等放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提早。8.2019·湖南卷 Not once _ to Michael

52、 that he could one day become a top student in his class. A. occurred it B. it did occurC. it occurred D. did it occur【答案】D 【解析】考察倒装。句意：迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为班上的优秀学生之一。否认词not once置于句首，引起部分倒装。【名师点睛】部分倒装中考察较多的有：1 含有否认意义的词never，seldom，little. hardly，not，scarcely，nowhere，by no means决不等置于句首时。2以only修饰作为状语的副词、介词短语或从句，且放在句首时。注意：only 修饰状语从句放在句首时，状语从句不需要倒装，只能倒装主句部分。9. 2019·江苏 “Never for a second， the boy says, “_that my father would come to my rescue.AI doubted Bdo I doubt CI have doubted Ddid I doubt【